Basic Arithmetic Operations
ADDITION
(i). Positive no. + Positive no. = Positive no.
Eg : + 2 + + 5 = + 7
(ii)
Negative no. + Negative no = Negative no.
Eg : -4 + - 6 = - 10
(iii)
Negative no. + Positive no. = Differece of nos. and sign of greater no.
Eg : + 9 + - 11 = - 2, - 10 + + 4 = - 6
QUICKER & SHORT CUT METHODS
2.
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In the Bank PO examination, there will be a lot of situations in which you will have to add various
numbers. But the most important thing is to add numbers in lightning speed. You should develop
the habit of seeing the numbers and adding them instantly. You will not have the time to write down
the numbers with a pen on a piece of paper and calculate in the usual manner.
The moment you see
9 + 5, the number 14 should flash in your mind.
As soon as you see
14
1.
FOR ADDITION
20
7 + 4 + 9, the number 20 should come.
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Remember, you should not even read the numbers as seven plus four plus nine. Reading is time
consuming. You just see and calculate. Your eye can recognise these numbers as 7 + 4 + 9 and
instantly the mind can come out with the answer 20.
When you see a number, understand and represent it with shorter possible words.
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(a) 748 should be understood as seven forty eight, not as seven hundred and forty eight.
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(b) 1098 should be understood as ten ninety eight, not as one thousand and ninety eight.
(c) 89876 should be eighty nine eight seven six.
Double column addition will enable you to add numbers quicker and faster.
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4.
(a) Take the example of 78 + 65. The moment you see the numbers visualise in your mind that they
are 78 + 60 + 5. This way you can straight away get the answer 143.
(b) 84 + 43 + 16 should be visualised as (84 + 40 + 10 + 9) = 143.
(c) 6328 + 4233 + 2495. Here try the double column addition
63
28
42
33
24
95
130
56
Ist double column is 28 + 33 + 95 =
28 + 30 + 90 + 8 = 156.
Write 56, and 1 is carried.
2nd double column is 63 + 42 + 24 + 1
= 63 + 40 + 20 + 7 = 130
Once you master double column addition, you can easily visualise numbers in the addable form and
add numbers horizontally, as it will provide you lightning speed in addition.
5.
For addition of numbers containing decimals, the same procedure of double column addition can be
used.
Eg. 369.003 + 9.63 + 0.02 + .0003 + 948 = 1326.6533
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6.
In the case of problems involving both operations addition and subtraction, subtract the sum of all the
negative terms from the sum of all the positive terms.
Eg. Find the value of 571 - 412 + 173 - 65 - 78 + 300
Sum of positive terms = 571 + 173 + 300 = 1044
Sum of negative terms = 412 + 65 + 78 = 555
Required value = 1044 - 555 = 489
QUICKER & SHORT CUTS :
SUBTRACTION
Subtraction can be done through addition easily.Eg : 9687 - 4363 - 2401 = ?
To find the answer, add all the unit's place digits of the negative integers. (ie) 3 + 1 = 4. Now find the
number that should be added to 4 to get 7 of 9687. It is 3 and write 3 as the unit's place digit of the
answer.
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Now add all the ten's place digit of the negative numbers. (ie) 0 + 6 = 6. The number that should be
added to 6 to get 8 of 9687 will be the ten's place digit of the answer. It is 2.
20
14
Now add all the hundred's place digits of the negative numbers. (ie) 3 + 4 = 7. Now find the number
that should be added to this 7 to get 6 of 9687. But it is not possible to get such a positive number.
So treat 6 as 16 and this 1 is carried out for the next step. Here 9 should be added to 7 to get 16.
Write 9 as the hundredth place digit of the answer.
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In the next step, 4 + 2 + 1 = 7, the 1 is got from the previous step. Here 2 should be added to this 7 to get 9 of
9687.
Similarly,
4328 - 325 - 659 = 3344 8203 - 3987 - 1697 = 2519.
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6884 - 2361 - 1592 = 2931
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9687 - 4363 - 2401 = 2923.
MULTIPLICATION
Positive no. x Positive no. = Positive no.
(ii)
Negative no. x Negative no. = Positive no.
Positive no. x Negative no. = Negative no.
(iii)
Eg : 8 x 3 = 24
Eg : -12 x -10 = 120
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(i)
(iv)
Eg : 3 x -15 = -45
Negative no. x Positive no. = Negative no. Eg : -15 x 3 = -45
DIVISION
(i)
Positive No. Positive No = Positive No. Eg : 12 3 = 4
(ii)
Negative No. Negative No.= Positive No. Eg: -12 -3 = 4
(iii)
Positive No Negative No = Negative No. Eg : +12 (-3) = -4
(iv)
Negative No. Positive No. = Negative No. Eg : -12 3 = -4
PRACTICE TEST
1.
3543 + 6413 + 5438 = ?
(a) 14294
(b) 15394
(c) 15864
(d) 15495
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92431 + 64273 + 10428 = ?
(a) 177232
(b) 20223
(b) 10876.69
(b) 10072
(b) 861.4793
(b) 2656
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(c) 54351
(d) 54361
(c) 14.957
(d) 14.975
(b) 10698.12
(c) 19808.15
(d) 16989.05
(b) 20202
(c) 20202020
(d) 2020220
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(b) 14.875
2589.47 + 3009.59 + 5099.09 = ?
282828280 14 = ?
6 x 21 x 24
?
36 x 7 x 15
8
5
(b)
3
5
(c)
7
2
(d)
2
5
6142 + ? = 5139 + 8136
(a) 7313
18.
(d) 1409
15.04 - 0.065 = ?
(a)
17.
(c) 1599
(b) 53451
(a) 202020
16.
(d) 5324
(d) 20000
(b) 1699
549 x 99 = ?
(d) 2156
(c) 19999
7329 - 2564 = 3256 + ?
(a) 11609.85
15.
(d) 1029
20
(b) 20100
(a) 15.795
14.
(c) 4232
(c) 3215
81038 - ? = 61038
(a) 55451
13.
(d) 851.4893
(c) 2056
(b) 4123
(a) 1509
12.
(c) 851.4793
1352 + 4352 + ? = 9827
(a) 19099
11.
(d) 9962
1286 + 655 - 423 + 638 = ?
(a) 4213
10.
(c) 8962
14
(b) 3513
(a) 1146
9.
(d) 10866.69
4628 - 954 - 1253 = ?
(a) 2421
8.
(c) 10886.69
832.9 + 6.73 + 11.8393 = ?
(a) 851.4693
7.
(d) 13403
8888 + 888 + 88 + 8 = ?
(a) 9872
6.
(c) 20032
8000.3 + 990.59 + 1885.8 = ?
(a) 10877.69
5.
(d) 168282
98854 -64321 - 12512 = ?
(a) 22021
4.
(c) 167132
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3.
(b) 176134
-c
2.
(b) 7133
(c) 6863
(d) 7033
(b) 3003
(c) 91
(d) 2970
91 x 33 - 33 = ?
(a) 0
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64640 160 + 120 = ?
(a) 52.40
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(c) 489345
20
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(b) 488345
(d) 16089.05
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(c) 13289
(d) 589425
(d) 22289
(c) 46
(d) 50
(d) 7412
(c) 2674
(d) 0
(c) 2.25
(d) 22.5
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(c) 6422
(b) 2534
32.4 7.2
?
27 26.5
(b) 9
6945 + 977 + ? + 59 = 8435
(b) 575
(c) 765 (d) 454
(b) 235439
(c) 278484
(d) 327484
(b) 4.004
(c) 0.04
(d) 0.004
5584 x 51 = ?
0.0076
?
19
.
(a) 0.0004
34.
(c) 11609.85
182 x 14 - 14 = ?
(a) 284784
33.
(b) 10698.15
(b) 7422
(a) 1044
32.
(c) 24 (d) 48
13025 + 1019 - ? = 7622
(a) 90
31.
(b) 16
(b) 31.5
(a) 2698
30.
(d) 72880
756 18+ 6 = ?
(a) 6412
29.
(c) 73990
(b) 24289
(a) 48
28.
(b) 74890
43488 - 34567 + 14368 = ?
(a) 23289
27.
(d) 100331
4935 x 101 = ?
(a) 498435
26.
(c) 120231
5099.09 + 3009.59 + 2589.47 = ?
(a) 19608.15
25.
(b) 120331
12.48 3.9
?
39 38.8
(a) 8
24.
(d) 257224
2740 x 27 = ?
(a) 73980
23.
(c) 260184
21932 + 67 + 98232 + 100 = ?
(a) 121331
22.
(b) 292707
879 x 37 x 8 = ?
(a) 32523
21.
(c) 524 (d) 64.40
-c
20.
(b) 89.77
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19.
9 x 72
362
(a)
1
4
(b)
1
3
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(c)
1
2
(d)
1
5
35.
0.9329 - 0.7321 + 4.329 + 0.002 = ?
(a) 4.5318
36.
(b) 45.3180
(b) 0.000081
(c) 0.081
(d) 0.00081
(b) 800
(c) 8000
(d) 0.8
(c) 9.0908
(d) 90.909
64 0.008 = ?
(a) 80
38.
(d) 4.2514
3 x 0.3 x 0.03 x 0.003 = ?
(a) 0.81
37.
(c) 0.45318
0.999999 0.011 = ?
(a) 90.908
(b) 909.08
39.
173 x 240 = 48 x ?
40.
219
+ ? = 7608 - 5719
(a) 495
(b) 545
(c) 685 (d) 865
(a) 2108
(2) 1670
(c) 1680
(b) 2
(c) 75
(b) 1263470
(c) 226470
(a) 152
(a) 1262470
32 3232 x 100 = ?
44.
1000
101
(b)
1.113 - 0.8321 = ?
(a) 0.2809
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(d) 0.2009
(b) 20
(c) 1.5 (d) 5
(b) 24240
(c) 4816
(d) 4800
(b) 34750
(c) 43750
(d) 33850
(b) 0.0345
(c) 0.345
(d) 3.45
(b) 32.515
(c) 43.404
(d) 53.487
(b) 164
(c) 184 (d) 124
89.467 - 45.971 + 9.991 = ?
(a) 42.505
50.
101
100
0.023 x 0.5 x 30 = ?
(a) 0.00345
49.
(c) 0.2819
(d)
625 x 54 = ?
(a) 33750
48.
100
1001
608 x 8 - 48 = ?
(a) 2424
47.
(d) 122670
480 x 8 160
?
160 x 5
(a) 15
46.
(c)
(b) 0.3809
45.
100
101
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(a)
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43.
20
1265 x 998 = ?
(d) 4
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42.
14
140 x 20 8 x 75
?
11 x 50
-c
41.
(d) 1570
13284 81 = ?
(a) 165
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ANSWERS TO PRACTICE TEST
(b)
2.
(c)
3.
(a)
4.
(b)
5.
(a)
6.
(a)
7.
(a)
8.
(d)
9.
(b)
10.
(d)
11.
(a)
12.
(c)
13.
(d)
14.
(b)
15.
(c)
16.
(d)
17.
(b)
18.
(d)
19.
(c)
20.
(c)
21.
(b)
22.
(a)
23.
(b)
24.
(b)
25.
(a)
26.
(a)
27.
(a)
28.
(c)
29.
(b)
30.
(b)
31.
(d)
32.
(a)
33.
(d)
34.
(c)
35.
(a)
36.
(b)
37.
(c)
38.
(d)
39.
(d)
40.
(b)
41.
(d)
42.
(a)
43.
(b)
44.
(a)
45.
(d)
46.
(c)
47.
(a)
48.
(c)
49. (d)
50.
(b)
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20
14
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1.
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