HOMOSEXUALITY

A sin or A virtue?







Submitted by
Harmeet Bhatia
MA economics
3
rd
semester




PREFACE
I have a great satisfaction in introducing my paper to educators,
researchers, and environmentalist. This paper deals with the attitude
of people towards homosexual society. Our main concern is to check
the basic outlook of the people towards fragmented market of
homogeneous people. I am captivated by this idea after watching
wholesome of news and debate over legalization of gay marriages and
notify the discrimination against homosexual people as they have been
debarred from various rights and enjoyment.
This study has been completed with the record time of 3 months. The
result of the study is based on observation, response of the
heterogeneous people through questionnaire and exhaustive study of
the experience of homosexual people in day to day life.
We would like to propose an idea to make their life better so that they
would be able to live respectful life like others. Our aim is to find the
solution for the discrimination against these people so that they would
also enjoy all the rights provided by life like heterogeneous people.




Delhi Harmeet Bhatia
4
th
December 2013



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my professor
Dr. Minaketan Behera for his guidance at every stage of this project
and making this possible. I am extremely grateful to him for all the
fruitful discussions we had during my study as this helped me to
conduct this study more appropriately. He contributed significantly to
the content of this project report. I am thankful to him for all the
encouragement and inspiration he gave throughout the study.
Secondly, I would like to thank all my respondents and interviewees for
all the patience and support shown by them.
Thirdly, i am grateful to my friends and family to help me in completing
this project successfully.









Chapter 1
The problem
Statement of the problem: Our aim of the study is to check
whether there is psychological difference in attitude towards
homosexual and heterosexual people. We have observed a lot of
difference in outlook of people towards homosexual people.
Generally, they belong to fragmented society and are excluded from
various rights. Heterosexual marriages and relationships are widely
accepted but still after much development, socially, people have not
developed psychologically. They still live in a society where
homosexual relationships are not accepted. It is still considered as a
curse to society. All homosexual people have to hide their identity to
get social acceptance. They are not allowed to enjoy the rights and
live respectful life like normal heterogeneous people. For example,
though, a lot of achievements can be seen in US gay right
movements but still ban on homosexual blood donations remains in
place.

Objective of the study: our objective of the study is to show that
there is statistical difference between homosexual and heterosexual
people and provide the idea to reduce down this difference. We
would like to show that acceptance of these kind of people would
increase the efficiency of the whole economy and work for the
betterment of the society as a whole. Furthermore, we would like to
propose an idea to make their life better so that they would be able
to live respectful life like others.

Hypothesis of the project:
First,
H
0
: X
1
= X
2
Where, X
1
: attitude towards heterosexual people and couples
X
2
: attitude towards homosexual people and couples
Null hypothesis says that there is no difference in attitude between
homogeneous and heterogeneous people.
H
1
: X
1
X
2
Alternative hypothesis says that there is statistical difference in
attitude between homogeneous and heterogeneous people.
(this will be checked through questionnaire and personal interviews
as well as biographies of certain homosexual people)

Secondly, we would like to show that inclusion of homogeneous
people would increase overall efficiency and work for the
betterment of the society as a whole.
(this will be checked by applying certain economic models)







Chapter 2
The Review
HOLY BOOKS :
According to Hindu methodology, homosexuality is an anomaly. It is
an innate peculiarity that is neither normal alternative mode of being
nor a particularly sinful offence worthy of punishment. In other
words, it is understood that homosexuality is not a learned
behaviour. i.e. gay people are born that way. They are not to be
persecuted or forced to enter into opposite sex marriages. The
dharma shastra enjoin members of the class to which Arjuna belongs
to provide for the well of homosexuals within their own social
sphere. (Yogablog.hari-kirtana.com, gay marriages in Bhagavad Gita).
Even in our holy book, i.e. Bhagavad Gita, gay people are expected to
have their own relationships and their own community within the
greater community and are to be accorded suitable rights and
protections. Even according to Sikhism, the universal goal of a Sikh is
to have no hate or animosity to any person, regardless of race, caste,
color, creed, gender, or sexuality. Marriage in Sikhism is seen as a
union of souls. In Sikhism, the soul is seen as genderless, and the
outward appearance of human beings (man, woman) is a temporary
state. In guru granth sahib ji , it is mentioned that marriage is seen as
a spiritual unity and since the soul does not have a gender, hence
homosexuality should be permitted.(real Sikhism.com). according to
vedic shastra , a society based on gitas values is oblige to offer
rights and protections to gay people on par with those of straight
people .early in gita , Krishna confirms our spiritual status as
eternally unique individuals (bhagvada gita, chapter 2, verse 12) and
at the end of the gita, krisna encourages Arjuna to make up his own
mind about what he should do (bhagavad gita, chapter 18, verse 63).
Hence, an essential lesson from Gita is that we are endowed with
free will and right to decide for ourselves how we should each
respond to our own destiny.
JOURNALS AND ARTICLES :
The authors examined how one group, heterosexuals, reacts to the
portrayals of an out-group, homosexuals, in ads. They find that the
presence of homosexual imagery in ads would result in lower
positive and greater negative emotional response.(bhat, leigh, 1998).
There are a lot of problems a homosexual person has to face in life
such that being homosexual discourages him/her from expressing
emotions and developing close relationships with other
men/women, and leads to a high rate of stress-related diseases.
(baker and bakker, 1980). There is a lot of myth related to
homosexual relationships, such as, homosexual relationships don not
last longer, and there are a few similarities between homosexual and
heterosexual couples etc.(schrag1984,284). Further we analysed that
accepting homogeneous people is in the benefit of overall economy.
It increases economic efficiency by promoting fragmented marriage
markets. In fragmented markets, gay would marry gay, and
heterosexuals would marry heterosexuals. Everyone would be able
to choose partners who would maximize their utility, hence everyone
would be better off.(www.lope.ca/sexonomics.com)
Summary
From the above review, I would like to conclude that the exclusion of
homosexual people is not mentioned anywhere; it is not written in
any holy book or religion that we should exclude these people from
social rights. Every god and religion support the idea that everybody
has the right to live their life the way they want to. Even our law says
every citizen has a right to life which means every human being has
the inherent right to life(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights)
No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life. So, our main question
is why there is social hatred towards these people and why these
people have to hide their identity? Why there is social disparity
against these people?
Chapter 3
Methodology

We base our study on primary as well as secondary data. The
secondary data includes case study of one homosexual person which
is collected from recognised website. While, primary data is collected
through structured schedule and questionnaire.
Primary data:
Data is collected through questionnaire and structured schedule.
Questionnaire was designed for heterogeneous people only to know
their attitude towards homogeneous people. We followed stratified
random sampling. We divided the population into 3 age groups. That
is, 17-30, 31-49 and 50 to 80. There are 7 people included in age
group 17-30, 4 people included in age group 31-49 while there are 4
people included in age group 50-80. All the interviewees were
heterosexual people. Moreover, there are 9 males and 6 females.
The data is collected from two areas of Delhi which included East
Delhi and West Delhi. People were selected randomly from these
two areas. Interviewees were asked 15 questions regarding the
same. Most of the questions have to be answered in yes and no
except one question. We added this question to know more about
their mentality towards homosexual people and towards those
people who condescend to homosexual people.
After interview, we used quantitative approach to analyze the data
and check our hypothesis. The result will be shown in next section.
Secondary data:
We used published data to support our argument. One case study of
a homosexual person is included in secondary data. The case study is
included to show that he is never accepted as a normal person in the
society and always mistreated by other people. All these experiences
of this person will provide support to the result which we will
provide through primary data. We chose one known personality
named Bobby darling. He is a popular Indian actor. The choice is
made deliberately just to put forth the idea that despite being
disowned by his family, he stood up for himself and made his life
worth living.
Chapter 4
The result
Primary data:
After analyzing the response of the interviewees, we concluded that
young generation (i.e. 17-30) is indifferent between homosexual and
heterosexual people. It does not matter whom they come across,
they treat everybody equally, as all 7 people gave answer in yes in
support of homosexual people. While from middle age group (i.e. 31-
49) people, we got mixed response, as out of 4 people 3 people
support homosexuality while 1 does not. But contradictory result
found when they were asked whether think that gay marriages
should be legalised then, 2 persons were in favour while other 2
were not. Similarly, we can see same trend in other questions as
well. But some striking result came out when older people were
interviewed. They are in strong opposition of these people.
According to them, they are curse to the society and should be
expelled from the nation. Similarly, when we checked the preference
of males and females individually, we noticed that females are
generally more in favour of these people than males; this can happen
because females are more emotionally sensitive than males. We can
see the tables below.


Table 1: case summary according to age of the respondents
Case Summaries
a

support
homoseual
support gay
marriages
legalised gay
marriages
age of the
respondents
17
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
18
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
20
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
21
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
24
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
26
1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
27 1 yes yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
35
1 yes yes no
Total N 1 1 1
40
1 yes yes no
Total N 1 1 1
45
1 yes no no
Total N 1 1 1
49
1 no no no
Total N 1 1 1
will you hand
over to eunuch
society
where should
they live
what will you do
if you give birth
to a homosexual
child
age of the respondents
17
1 no
eunuch society
people
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
18
1 no
eunuch society
people
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
20
1 no
eunuch society
people
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
21
1 no with own parents
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
24
1 no with own parents
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
26
1 no with own parents
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
27
1 no with own parents abandon
Total N 1 1 1
35
1 no
eunuch society
people
abandon
Total N 1 1 1
40
1 no
eunuch society
people
abandon
Total N 1 1 1
45
1 no
eunuch society
people
abandon
Total N 1 1 1
49
1 no with own parents abandon
Total N 1 1 1

Case Summaries
a

will you be
friends
if you find your
best friend
rent in
homoseual
society is lowest
age of the respondents
17
1 yes doesnt matter buy
Total N 1 1 1
18
1 yes doesnt matter buy
Total N 1 1 1
20
1 no doesnt matter never buy
Total N 1 1 1
21
1 yes doesnt matter never buy
Total N 1 1 1
24
1 yes doesnt matter never buy
Total N 1 1 1
26
1 yes doesnt matter never buy
Total N 1 1 1
27
1 yes break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
35
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
40
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
45
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
49
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1

Case Summaries
a

where you would
prefer to donate
support govet
decision
recruitment
age of the respondents
17
1 eunuch society yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
18
1 eunuch society yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
20 1 others yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
21
1 eunuch society yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
24
1 eunuch society yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
26
1 others no no
Total N 1 1 1
27
1 eunuch society yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
35
1 others yes yes
Total N 1 1 1
40
1 others yes no
Total N 1 1 1
45
1 others yes no
Total N 1 1 1
49
1 eunuch society yes no
Total N 1 1 1

Case Summaries
a

support
homoseual
support gay
marriages
legalised gay
marriages
age of the respondents
50
1 no no no
Total N 1 1 1
52
1 no no no
Total N 1 1 1
72
1 no no no
Total N 1 1 1
75
1 no no no
Total N 1 1 1
Total N 15 15 15

Case Summaries
a

will you hand
over to eunuch
society
where should
they live
what will you do
if you give birth
to a homosexual
child
age of the respondents
50
1 no
eunuch society
people
abandon
Total N 1 1 1
52
1 no with own parents abandon
Total N 1 1 1
72
1 no
eunuch society
people
treat like normal
child
Total N 1 1 1
75
1 no
eunuch society
people
abandon
Total N 1 1 1
Total N 15 15 15

Case Summaries
a

will you be
friends
if you find your
best friend
rent in
homoseual
society is lowest
age of the respondents
50
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
52
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
72
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
75
1 no break friendship never buy
Total N 1 1 1
Total N 15 15 15

Case Summaries
a

where you would
prefer to donate
support govet
decision
recruitment
age of the respondents
50
1 others yes no
Total N 1 1 1
52
1 others no no
Total N 1 1 1
72
1 others yes no
Total N 1 1 1
75
1 others no no
Total N 1 1 1
Total N 15 15 15






Table 2: case summary according to gender
Case Summaries
a

support
homoseual
support gay
marriages
legalised gay
marriages
will you hand
over to eunuch
society
gender
male
1 yes no no no
2 no no no no
3 no no no no
4 no no no no
5 no no no no
6 yes yes yes no
7 yes yes yes no
8 yes yes no no
9 yes yes no no
Total N 9 9 9 9
female
1 yes yes yes no
2 yes yes yes no
3 no no no no
4 yes yes yes no
5 yes yes yes no
6 yes yes yes no
Total N 6 6 6 6


where should
they live
what will you
do if you give
birth to a
homosexual
child
will you be
friends
if you find
your best
friend
gender male
1
eunuch
society
people
abandon no
break
friendship
2
eunuch
society
people
abandon no
break
friendship
3
eunuch
society
people
abandon no
break
friendship
4
with own
parents
abandon no
break
friendship
5
with own
parents
abandon no
break
friendship
6
eunuch
society
people
treat like
normal child
yes
doesnt
matter
7
with own
parents
abandon yes
break
friendship
8
eunuch
society
people
abandon no
break
friendship
9
eunuch
society
people
abandon no
break
friendship
Total N 9 9 9 9
female
1
eunuch
society
people
treat like
normal child
no
doesnt
matter
2
with own
parents
treat like
normal child
yes
doesnt
matter
3
eunuch
society
people
treat like
normal child
no
break
friendship
4
with own
parents
treat like
normal child
yes
doesnt
matter
5
with own
parents
treat like
normal child
yes
doesnt
matter
6
eunuch
society
people
treat like
normal child
yes
doesnt
matter
Total N 6 6 6 6

Case Summaries
a

rent in
homoseual
society is
lowest
where you
would prefer to
donate
support govet
decision
recruitment
gender male
1 never buy others yes no
2 never buy others yes no
3 never buy others no no
4 never buy eunuch society yes no
5 never buy others no no
6 buy eunuch society yes yes
7 never buy eunuch society yes yes
8 never buy others yes yes
9 never buy others yes no
Total N 9 9 9 9
female
1 never buy others yes yes
2 never buy others no no
3 never buy others yes no
4 never buy eunuch society yes yes
5 never buy eunuch society yes yes
6 buy eunuch society yes yes
Total N 6 6 6 6

Therefore, from the response of the interviewees, we can conclude
that people were showing that they are in favour of homosexual
people but when they were asked about the legalization of their
marriages or being friends with them, they were giving completely
contradictory responses. Hence, we can say that people are in favour
of homosexual people only in words. Their responses were clearly
showing the difference in attitude towards these people as according
to most of the people, they were not allowed to get married, and
they would not recruit homosexual people for higher post as this
would hamper companies reputation. Consequently, we cannot
accept our null hypothesis, which says that there is no difference in
attitude between homosexual and heterosexual people.
We can see table in support our result:
We can see that out of 15 people, only 6 people said that yes they
would have no problem in being friends with them.



Table 3: case summary showing the number of people who would
like to be friends with a homosexual person

Case Summaries
a

will you be
friends
gender male age of the respondents
17
1 yes
Total N 1
27
1 yes
Total N 1
35
1 no
Total N 1
40
1 no
Total N 1
45
1 no
Total N 1
49
1 no
Total N 1
50
1 no
Total N 1
52
1 no
Total N 1
75 1 no
Total N 1
Total N 9
female age of the respondents
18
1 yes
Total N 1
20
1 no
Total N 1
21
1 yes
Total N 1
24
1 yes
Total N 1
26
1 yes
Total N 1
72
1 no
Total N 1
Total N 6
Total N 15








Secondary data:
Secondary data includes one case study which will put light on the
experience of a homosexual person and the kind of difficulties he has
to face in life.
Bobby darling: He is a popular Indian actor. His original name is
Ballabh Kothari. He lives his life full of humiliation. In an interview, he
broke down and confessed that he attempted suicide out of disgrace.
"I tried to kill myself..."Bobby Darling about living a life full of humiliation
(http://malikatv.blogspot.in/2006/07/i-tried-to-kill-myselfbobby-darling.html)
He was disowned by his father officially and constantly teased by his
friends. His father considered him to be a stigma to the family. His
sister's marriage ran into a few problems when her in-laws came to
know about his homosexual tendencies, as he can't go to her in-laws
place. Out of shame he moved to Mumbai. After coming to Mumbai,
he faced lot of humiliation as people taunted him and called him
chakka', 'hijra',. All these dishonour made him cringe. But later he
decided to use his weakness as his strength. And finally, he started
getting films and tv serials. Now he is a popular actor and living his
life respectfully.
Hence, from above case I want to point out that a homosexual sexual
always have to face such humiliation and dishonour. Most of the
people get disowned by their family and friends. From this we can
point out that there is a huge difference in attitude towards these
people, as no parents disown their children and heterogeneous
people generally dont face such dishonour. Therefore, from both
primary data as well as secondary data, we can point out that our
null hypothesis will not be accepted.



Chapter 5
Conclusions and recommendations
We can conclude from the above data, that, we can reject our null
hypothesis and say that there is substantial difference in attitude
towards homosexual people. They are not socially accepted.
Heterogeneous people are not ready to be friends with homosexual
people. They also look down to these people. But, we want to show
that they acceptance of these people would increase the efficiency of
the overall economy. if we start including homosexual people in every
field we can have more supply of labour in the economy. Thus, we can
move to pareto superior point where both parties i.e. homosexual
people as well as producer benefit. Hence, this action would increase
the efficiency of the whole economy. Moreover, social acceptance
would put homosexual people in better mental state, thus, they would
be able to work more productively. Consequently, inclusion of these
people in society would help the nation to move to better position.
Further, we saw that young generation is more open minded than
older people. So, if our youth want, they can reduce down this
difference and help them to earn respect in society which they are
entitled to. We can see major change in future if youth does not follow
their parents rule and take up the campaign to help these people in
getting the position in society same as heterogeneous people.








References:
1) http://yogablog.hari-kirtana.com/2012/10/22/gay-marriage-in-
the-bhagavad-gita-part-3/
2) http://realsikhism.com/index.php?subaction=showfull&id=125
0025034&ucat=7
3) The Double-Bind of the Middle Class Male: Men's Liberation
and the Male Sex Role MAUREEN BAKER and J. I. HANS
BAKKER, Journal of Comparative Family Studies, Vol. 11, No. 4
(AUTUMN 1980), pp. 547-561,Published by: Dr. George
KurianStable.

4) The Effect of Consumer Prejudices on Ad Processing:
Heterosexual Consumers' Responses to Homosexual Imagery in
Ads, Subodh Bhat, Thomas W. Leigh and Daniel L. Wardlow,
Journal of Advertising, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Winter, 1998), pp. 9-28
,Published by: M.E. Sharpe.

5) http://www.lope.ca/sexonomics/

6) Relationship therapy with same gender couples, keith G.
schrag, family relations, vol.33, no.2(april, 1984), pp. 283-291

7) Bhagavad gita

8) Guru granth sahib ji.

9) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights

10) http://malikatv.blogspot.in/2006/07/i-tried-to-kill-
myselfbobby-darling.html

Content
Particulars page
Preface i
Acknowledgement ii
Candidate Declaration iii
Chapter 1 : The Problem
a) Statement of problem 1
b) Objective of the study 1
c) Hypothesis of the study 2
Chapter 2 : The Review
a) Holy books 3
b) Journals and articles 4
c) Summary 4
Chapter 3: Methodology
a) Primary data 5
b) Secondary data 6
Chapter 4: The Result
a) Primary data 6
b) Secondary data 19
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations
References iv









Candidate Declaration

I hereby declare that the work which is being presented in the
research project entitled, homosexuality, in partial fulfilment of
the requirement for the award of the degree M.A. economics, is an
authentic record of my own work during a period of three months
from September 2013 to November 2013, under the supervision of
Dr. Minaketan Behera. I have not submitted the matter embodied in
this research project for the award of any other degree or diploma.










Delhi (Harmeet Bhatia)
5
th
December 2013


This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is
correct and true to the best of our knowledge.





Dr. Minaketan Behera
Supervisor,
Ambedkar University, Delhi