Prototype jQuery
To and from JavaScript libraries.
Remy Sharp (remysharp.com)
Why Prototype?
• Extends the DOM and core JavaScript
objects
• An arsenal of utility functions
Based on Prototype 1.5.1 & 1.6
Why jQuery
• Centred around chaining and binding
methods to objects and elements
• Totally encapsulated
• Aims to be exceptionally easy to develop
with
Based on jQuery 1.2.1
Differences in Native Support
• Prototype has: • jQuery has:
• Class creation • No Conflict ($)
• Try.these • Effects
• Position, Range
Non-exhaustive list, and in most case, the
functionality can be implemented with plugins.
Syntax Comparison
Dollar Variable
• Prototype uses $ for id based selection
• jQuery $ = CSS based selector (= $$ in
Prototype)
Note that Prototype will return element objects or arrays of
elements for most methods. jQuery will usually return a jQuery
object (which looks like an array in Firebug).
$ Example
Prototype
$('speech1').show();
jQuery
$('#speech1').show();
CSS Based Selectors
• Prototype - $$
To narrow down it's context use
Element.getElementsBySelector(selector)
(or Element.select(selector) in 1.6)
• jQuery - $
Virtually all of jQuery's DOM selection is
done using CSS 1-3
Selector Examples
Prototype
$$('.dialog').invoke(‘show’);
$('final-speech').getElementsBySelector ↩
('DIV.final-dialog').each(Element.hide);
// 1.6
$('final-speech').select('DIV.final- ↩
dialog').invoke('hide');
Selector Examples
jQuery
$('.dialog').show();
$('#final-speech DIV.final-dialog') ↩
.hide();
DOM Ready Event
• Prototype - uses Event object
• jQuery - uses two types of syntax, both
meaning the same thing
jQuery uses different methods to execute the ready function when
the DOM is ready, using specific methods for IE and for Safari
(http://tinyurl.com/p9pwe, http://tinyurl.com/2ya35y)
Ready Example
Prototype
Event.observe(window,'load',function(){});
Prototype 1.6
document.observe('contentloaded',
function{});
jQuery
$(document).ready(function(){}); // or
$(function(){});
Iteration
• Prototype - current active element, and
position is passed in to callback function.
[el1, el2].each(fn(el, i))
• jQuery - current element position passed
in to callback function, and binds the
function to current active element (i.e. this
is set to the active element).
•
$([el1, el2]).each(fn(i))
DOM Walking
• Prototype - up, down, next & previous
• jQuery - parent/s, children, next, prev (&
nextAll, prevAll)
DOM Manipulation
• Prototype - Insertion class: After, Before,
Bottom, Top, update (1.6 will add:
Element.insert)
• jQuery - after, before, append, prepend &
html
Element Classes
• Prototype - addClassName,
removeClassName, toggleClassName,
hasClassName
• jQuery - addClass, removeClass,
toggleClass, is (for class matching)
Events
• Prototype - Event class: observe,
stopObserving
Prototype 1.6 will support Element.observe
• jQuery - bind, unbind (also supports
shortcuts: .click, .dblclick, .mouse*, .ready.,
.focus, .blur)
Bubbling
• Prototype - Event.stop()
• jQuery - return false or
event.stopPropagation() (event is passed in
to the callback)
Ajax
Prototype
new Ajax.Request(url[, options])
jQuery
$.ajax(options) // url included in options
Ajax - Method Comparison
Prototype jQuery
onCreate beforeSend
onSuccess success
onException error
onComplete complete
Ajax Examples
Prototype
new Ajax.Request(‘/profile’, {
method: ‘post’,
parameters:$H({‘action’:‘check_username’,
‘username’:$F(‘username’)}),
onSuccess: function (j) {
// do stuff with response
}
});
Ajax Examples
jQuery
$.ajax({ url: '/profile',
data: {'action':'check_username',
'username': $('#username').val()},
type: 'post',
success: function (json) {
// do stuff with response
}
});
Plugins / Extensions
Prototype
Element.addMethods({myPlugin : function ↩
(element, args) { return element; }});
jQuery
jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function (args) ↩
{ return this; };
Browser Detection
• Prototype - Prototype.Browser.IE, .Webkit,
etc.
• jQuery - jQuery.browser.msie, .safari, etc.
Resources
Prototype jQuery
API prototypejs.org/api docs.jquery.com/Core
Tutorials prototypejs.org/learn docs.jquery.com/Tutorials
Effects script.aculo.us interface.eyecon.ro
