Q=input('enter the value of kVA rating');%in our case-125kVA;
f=input('enter nominal frequency');%may be use to design pulse transformer
V1=11;%primary voltage in kV
k=0.45; %for 3 phase core type distribution transformer
Et=k*sqrt(Q);
phim=Et/(4.44*f);
Bm=input('enter the value of magnetic flux density');
Ai=1e6*phim/Bm;%net iron area in mm2
d=sqrt(Ai/0.6); %diametr of circumscribing circle{Ai=0.6*d^2(for 3 stepped)}
a=0.9*d;%width of largest stamping
kw=10/(30+V1);%window space factor for rating 50-200 kVA
cd=input('enter the value of current density (A/mm2)');
Aw=Q*1e6/(3.33*f*Bm*kw*cd*1e6*Ai*1e-6*0.001); %Q=3.33*f*Bm*kw*cd*Aw*Ai*0.001
Aw=window area in mm2
k1=input('enter the ratio of window height to window width i.e. Hw/Ww');%vary
from 2-4
Ww=round((Aw/k1)^0.5); %Aw=Hw*Ww=ki*Ww^2 width of window in mm
Hw=round(k1*Ww)%height of window in mm
Dis=Ww+d%distance b/w adjacent limbs
Ay=1.2*Ai%area of yoke{taken larger than limb so that flux is reduced in
yoke}
Agy=Ay/0.9%stacking factor=0.9
Dy=a%taking yoke as rectangular
Hy=Agy/Dy%height of yoke
H=Hw+2*Hy %overall height
W=2*Dis+a%overall width
V2=400 %secondary line voltage
V2ph=V2/sqrt(3) %secondary per phase voltage
Ts=V2ph/Et %turns per phase
I2=Q*1000/(3*V2ph) %secondary phase current
a2=I2/cd %area of secondary conductor in mm2
%standard area=79.1mm2 size of wire are 20*4mm and 25*3.2mm and the thickness
of
%insulation is taken as 1mm.
%If we take Hw/Ww=3, then
% If we use 20*4mm strip it doesn't effectively fit in the window using
two
% layer helical winding, that's why we use 25*3.2mm strip and three layer
% winding
%If we take Hw/Ww=4, then
% we get clearance on each side = 2mm, but the minimum clearance
% required is 6mm, that's why we are not using the Hw/Ww=4 with 2-layer
winding
cdn=I2/79.1 % new current density acc. to standard size.
Ns=V2/(1.731*Et) %no. of turns per phase on secondary winding
Nsl=round((Ns/3)+1) %no. of turns per phase per layer in secondary winding
thcs=Nsl*25.1 %total height of conductor in one layer of secondary
clrs=(Hw-thcs)/2 %clearance on each side of the layer
%clearance is within standard limits
%pressboard of 0.5mm is used between three layers and of 1.5mm between core
%and first layer thus total width of the winding is
IDs=d+(2*1.5)
rds=(3*3.3)+(2*0.5)% radial depth
ODs=2*((3*3.3)+(2*0.5)+1.5)+d % outer diameter of secondary winding in window
%design of high voltage winding
Tp=V1*1000/Et % primary turns per phase
Tp5=1.05*Tp; %for +-5% tappings
% We are employing total of 8 coils of primary winding and each coil has 24
layers
Tpc=round(Tp5/8) %turns per coil
Tpl=Tpc/24 % turns per layer
maximum_voltage_btw_layers=2*Tpl*Et
%maximum_voltage_btw_layers is below the allowable limit
I1=Q*1000/(3000*V1) %primary current per phase
cdp=2.5 % current density on primary side is larger due to better cooling
a1=I1/cdp %
Dc=sqrt(4*a1/3.14) % diameter of bare conductor
%we are using paper covered conductors for high voltage winding
% so for given diameter the standard value of diameter of 1.4mm with fine
% covering is 1.575mm
a1n=3.14*(1.4^2)/4 % modified area
cdpn=I1/a1n % new current density
% 10mm space is employed betweeen adjacent coils so
thcp=Tpl*8*1.575+8*10 %total height of conductor in one layer of primary
clrp=(Hw-thcp)/2 % clearance. This is used by insulation and bracing
% Radial insulation is done with paper of 0.3 mm thick
thl= 10 % thickness_of_insulation_between_HV_and_LV_winding in mm
IDp=round(ODs+2*thl)
rdp=24*1.575+23*0.3 % radial depth of coil
ODp=round(ODs+2*thl+2*(24*1.575+23*0.3)) % outer diameter of primary
clearance_bw_adjacent_HVwindings=Dis-ODp
% RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT
mdp=(ODp+IDp)/2 % mean diameter
lmtp=3.14*mdp/1000 % length of mean turn of primary winding in meters
Rp=Tp*0.021*lmtp/a1n %resistance at 75"C
mds=(ODs+IDs)/2
lmts=3.14*mds/1000
Rs=Ts*.021*lmts/a2
R=Rp+Rs*(Tp/Ts)^2 % total R referred to primary
Rpu=I1*R/(V1*1000)
%LEAKAGE REACTANCE
mdw=(ODp+IDs)/2 % mean diameter of winding
lmtw=3.14*mdw/1000 %length of mean turn of winding
hw=(thcs+thcp)/2 %height of winding
X=2*3.14*f*4*3.14*1e-7*(Tp^2)*(lmtw/hw)*(thl+(rdp+rds)/3)*1e-3 % referred to
primary
Xpu=I1*X/(V1*1000)
Zpu=sqrt((Rpu^2)+(Xpu^2))
%REGULATION
puRu=Rpu %per unit regulation at unity pf
puRl=Rpu*0.8+Xpu*0.6 % per unit regulation at lagging pf
%LOSSES
ohmloss=3*(I1^2)*R
%taking stray losses to be 15% of ohmic losses
TOL=1.15*ohmloss % total ohmic loss
%density of laminations=7.6*1e3 kg/m3
Wtl=3*Ai*Ww*1e-9*7.6*1e3 % weight of limbs
% Bm in limbs=1.3Wb/m2 so specific core loss=2 W/kg
corelossl=2*Wtl % core loss in limbs
Wty=2*W*Ay*1e-9*7.6*1e3
% Bm in yoke=1.1Wb/m2 so specific core loss=1.2 W/kg
corelossy=1.2*Wty
TCL=corelossl+corelossy %total core loss
%EFFICIENCY
TLfl=TOL+TCL % total loss at full load
eff=(Q*1000)/(Q*1000+TLfl) % efficiency at unity pf and full load
%for max efficiency
max_eff_occurs_at_this_load=sqrt(TCL/TOL)*100
OUTPUT
enter the value of kVA rating125
enter nominal frequency50
enter the value of magnetic flux density1.3
enter the value of current density (A/mm2)2.3
enter the ratio of window height to window width i.e. Hw/Ww3
Hw =
420
Dis =
310.4551
Ay =
2.0920e+004
Agy =
2.3244e+004
Dy =
153.4096
Hy =
151.5156
H =
723.0313
W =
774.3198
V2 =
400
V2ph =
230.9401
Ts =
45.9020
I2 =
180.4220
a2 =
78.4443
cdn =
2.2809
Ns =
45.9299
Nsl =
16
thcs =
401.6000
clrs =
9.2000
IDs =
173.4551
rds =
10.9000
ODs =
195.2551
Tp =
2.1864e+003
Tpc =
287
Tpl =
11.9583
maximum_voltage_btw_layers =
120.3284
I1 =
3.7879
cdp =
2.5000
a1 =
1.5152
Dc =
1.3893
a1n =
1.5386
cdpn =
2.4619
thcp =
230.6750
clrp =
94.6625
thl =
10
IDp =
215
rdp =
44.7000
ODp =
305
clearance_bw_adjacent_HVwindings =
5.4551
mdp =
260
lmtp =
0.8164
Rp =
24.3625
mds =
184.3551
lmts =
0.5789
Rs =
0.0071
R =
40.5009
Rpu =
0.0139
mdw =
239.2275
lmtw =
0.7512
hw =
316.1375
X =
0.1278
Xpu =
4.4014e-005
Zpu =
0.0139
puRu =
0.0139
puRl =
0.0112
ohmloss =
1.7433e+003
TOL =
2.0048e+003
Wtl =
55.6460
corelossl =
111.2920
Wty =
246.2161
corelossy =
295.4593
TCL =
406.7513
TLfl =
2.4116e+003
eff =
0.9811
max_eff_occurs_at_this_load =
45.0429
