Internal
Coverage Problem Analysis
ISSUE 1.0
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: Learn how to analyze coverage problem and solve it Learn how to Improve coverage capability
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 1
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Chapter 1 Coverage problem types Chapter 2 Coverage analysis steps Chapter 3 Coverage improvement Chapter 4 Typical cases analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 2
Coverage problem types
Dead zone
Coverage hole
Coverage overshoot
Pilot pollution
Uplink/Downlink unbalance
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 3
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Coverage problem types
Dead zone
The zone in which pilot signal is lower than the minimum access level, e.g., valley, lift, tunnel, indoor zone of high buildings Solutions Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain antenna, increasing the height of the antenna, etc.) Add RRU (Radio Remote Unit) or repeater Add a new site (macro site or mini site) Use loss cable
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 4
Coverage problem types
Coverage hole
The zone in which pilot signal is higher than the minimum access level but lower than the request of the services (voice, video phone PS64 etc.) Solutions Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain antenna, increasing the height of the antenna, etc.) Use RRU (Radio Remote Unit), repeater or mini site
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 5
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Coverage problem types
Coverage overshoot
The coverage of a site is more than the range of our plan Solutions Adjust the down tilt or azimuth of antenna Avoid the beam of antenna straight to the road Use the buildings around the site Reduce the power of CPICH channel to decrease coverage
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 6
Coverage problem types
Pilot pollution
In some place, UE can receive so many pilots, but there is no one main pilot we can judge pilot pollution exist or not through following method: There are more than 3 cells which pilot signal level
CPICH _ RSCP > 95dBm
and (CPICH_ RSCP 1st CPICH_ RSCP 4th ) < 5dB
Solutions Adjust the position of sites or adjust antenna Reduce the power of CPICH channel Combine some sector or delete some sector if capacity is enough
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 7
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Coverage problem types
Uplink/Downlink unbalance
Interference of uplink can cause unbalance of uplink/downlink When downlink cell loading is too large, it can cause unbalance of uplink/downlink (cell breath)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 8
Chapter 1 Coverage problem types Chapter 2 Coverage analysis steps Chapter 3 Coverage improvement Chapter 4 Typical cases analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 9
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Coverage analysis steps
Step 1: Preparation
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Step3: Performance analysis
Step4: Signaling analysis
Step5: Consumer complaint analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 10
Step 1: Preparation
Coverage planning
Before coverage analysis, you must know some basic information, it include: The position of the sites The configuration of the sites The configuration of antenna (gain, direction, downtilt, etc.) The coverage planning of CPICH The loading distribution of different services
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 11
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Step 1: Preparation
Analysis tools
Drive test data analysis software: Genex Assistant Performance analysis tool: RNC traffic statistics console UL RTWP (Received Total Wideband Power) alarm console Test log
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 12
Step 1: Preparation
Parameters related to coverage
CPICH TX Power MaxFACHPower Sintrasearch
SintersearchSsearchrat
PreambleRetransMax
FILTERCOEF IntraCellIndividualOffset RLMaxDLPwrRLMinDLPwr
Intra
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 13
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Downlink coverage analysis - Ec
Coverage hole
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 14
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Downlink coverage analysis - main cell
No main cell
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 15
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Drive test data comparison between UE and scanner
SHQ position
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 16
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Downlink coverage analysis - soft handover proportion
Pilot pollution
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 17
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Uplink coverage analysis uplink interference
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 18
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Uplink coverage analysis uplink power distribution
Uplink coverage limitation
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 19
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
10
Step 3: Performance analysis
KPI Coverage problem can affect the following index: access successful rate congestion rate call drop rate HO successful rate Traffic distribution Too heavy traffic can cause coverage decrease (cell breath)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 20
Step 4: Signaling analysis
When call is dropped or handover is failure during drive test, we can use signaling tracing function to analyze the causes If the causes is Ec too low, it is coverage problem
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 21
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
11
Step 5: Consumer complaint analysis
When some VIP consumer complain that they can not take a call in their room, maybe we need to go to their house to test if the receive signal is too weaker, it is coverage problem and we need to increase the signal strength level.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 22
Chapter 1 Coverage problem types Chapter 2 Coverage analysis steps Chapter 3 Coverage improvement Chapter 4 Typical cases analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 23
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
12
Coverage improvement
Site configuration adjustment
Sector adjustment
Diversity technologies
RRU, Repeater
TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 24
Site configuration adjustment
Different kinds of site can support different output and different capacity Site configuration Huawei NodeB can support Macro site: BTS3812E (indoor), BTS3812A (outdoor) Maximum output: 30W (support TD)/40W (not support TD) Support 11, 31, 32, 34, 62, etc Mini site: BTS3802C Maximum output: 20W (support TD) /30W (not support TD) Support 11, 12, 21 Distributed site: BBU & RRU
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 25
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
13
RRU, Repeater
RRU (Radio Remote Unit): typical feeder loss is 2 3 dB. RRU makes RF part as close as possible to the antenna to reduce the feeder lost to the least
Fiber
Repeater: it is mainly used in areas where it is difficult to extend the coverage, or used as a lowcost solution for network construction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 26
TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier)
TMA is recommended to be used under the conditions below A large coverage area, e.g. rural, suburban or highway, because UL coverage is limited for the most of time but DL coverage is usually not limited An area, e.g. dense urban or urban, according to RNP, DL capacity is not limited. UL sensitivity and coverage area can be increased by using TMA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 27
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
14
Chapter 1 Coverage problem types Chapter 2 Coverage analysis steps Chapter 3 Coverage improvement Chapter 4 Typical cases analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 28
Case 1: coverage hole
Case description
Through drive test map, it was found that Ec was less than -90dBm in some area
The area in which Ec<-90dBm
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 29
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
15
Case 1: coverage hole
Case analysis
The area in which Ec<-90dBm
According to RNP, the coverage was also discontinuous
The distance between sites was too far
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 30
Case 1: coverage hole
Case solution
The reason of this case was that the site position was unreasonable But in this area, the operator didnt want to build new site room, all of WCDMA sites should be installed in GSM site room, so we just could use some coverage improvement technologies Increasing output of site Increasing the height of antenna Adjust tilt angle A good network planning is the basis of coverage!
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 31
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
16
Case 2: coverage overshoot
Case description
Through drive test map, it was found that the coverage of a site was too far Red color
showed the coverage of the site was too far
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 32
Case 2: coverage overshoot
Case solution
Decreasing output of site Decreasing tilt angle Changing the direction of antenna Decreasing the height of antenna if possible
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 33
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
17
Case 3: coverage limitation
Case description
It was found that the quality of Video Phone was very bad in a special position
Qos of VP badly in this position
WCDMA antenna
GSM antenna
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 34
Case 3: coverage limitation
Case analysis
In this site, WCDMA and GSM site were installed in the same room. We tested GSM network signal and found it was very good. But the position of GSM antenna was near to the edge of the wall, and the position of WCDMA antenna was far from the edge of the wall Because the position of WCDMA antenna was far from the edge of the wall, the wall would affect the signal heavily
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 35
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
18
Case 3: coverage limitation
Case solution
If possible, change the position of antenna If the antenna installation platform is too small, we must confirm one antenna is near to the edge of the wall
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 36
Summary
Summary
Coverage problem types Coverage analysis steps: five steps Coverage improvement technologies Typical cases analysis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Page 37
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
19
Thank You
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
20
