UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education

Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

*1650953752*

CHEMISTRY

9701/21

Paper 2 Structured Questions AS Core

October/November 2013
1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

Additional Materials:

Data Booklet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A Data Booklet is provided.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiners Use

1
2
3
4
5
Total
This document consists of 9 printed pages and 3 blank pages.
IB13 11_9701_21/2RP
UCLES 2013

[Turn over

2
For
Examiners
Use

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (VSEPR) is a model of electron-pair repulsion
(including lone pairs) that can be used to deduce the shapes of, and bond angles in, simple
molecules.
(a) Complete the table below by using simple hydrogen-containing compounds. One
example has been included.

number of
bond pairs

number of
lone pairs

shape of
molecule

formula of
a molecule
with this shape

trigonal planar

BH3

2
[3]

(b) Tellurium, Te, proton number 52, is used in photovoltaic cells.

When fluorine gas is passed over tellurium at 150 C, the colourless gas TeF6 is formed.
(i) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of the TeF6 molecule, showing outer electrons only.

(ii) What will be the shape of the TeF6 molecule?

..........................................
(iii) What is the FTeF bond angle in TeF6?
..........................................
[3]
[Total: 6]

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2

For
Examiners
Use

The molecular formula C3H6 represents the compounds propene and cyclopropane.
H
C

H
CH3CH

CH2

H
propene

H
C
H

cyclopropane

(a) What is the HCH bond angle at the terminal =CH2 group in propene?
................

[1]

(b) Under suitable conditions, propene and cyclopropane each react with chlorine.
(i) With propene, 1,2-dichloropropane, CH3CHCl CH2Cl is formed.
State fully what type of reaction this is.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) When cyclopropane reacts with chlorine, three different compounds with the
molecular formula C3H4Cl 2 can be formed.
Draw displayed structures of each of these three compounds.

[3]
[Total: 5]

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4
3

Chlorine gas is manufactured by the electrolysis of brine using a diaphragm cell.

(a) (i) Write half-equations, including state symbols, for the reactions occurring at each of
the electrodes of a diaphragm cell.
anode .........................................................................................................................
cathode ......................................................................................................................
(ii) In the diaphragm cell, the anode is made of titanium and the cathode is made of
steel.
Suggest why steel is never used for the anode.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[3]
(b) Chlorine is very reactive and will form compounds by direct combination with many
elements.
Describe what you would see when chlorine is passed over separate heated samples of
sodium and phosphorus.
In each case write an equation for the reaction.
sodium
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
phosphorus
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [4]

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5
(c) Chlorine reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide in two different ways, depending on the
conditions used. In each case, water, sodium chloride and one other chlorine-containing
compound are formed.

For
Examiners
Use

For each condition below, give the formula of the other chlorine-containing compound
and state the oxidation number of chlorine in it.
condition

formula of other
chlorine-containing compound

oxidation number of
chlorine in this compound

cold dilute NaOH(aq)

hot concentrated NaOH(aq)
[4]
(d) Magnesium chloride, MgCl 2, and silicon tetrachloride, SiCl 4, each dissolve in or react
with water.
Suggest the approximate pH of the solution formed in each case.
MgCl 2 .................................

SiCl 4 .................................

Explain, with the aid of an equation, the difference between the two values.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [5]
[Total: 16]

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4

For
Examiners
Use

Compound R is a weak diprotic (dibasic) acid which is very soluble in water.

(a) A solution of R was prepared which contained 1.25 g of R in 250 cm3 of solution.
When 25.0 cm3 of this solution was titrated with 0.100 mol dm3 NaOH, 21.6 cm3 of the
alkali were needed for complete reaction.
(i) Using the formula H2X to represent R, construct a balanced equation for the reaction
between H2X and NaOH.
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) Use the data above to calculate the amount, in moles, of OH ions used in the
titration.

(iii) Use your answers to (i) and (ii) to calculate the amount, in moles, of R present in
25.0 cm3 of solution.

(iv) Calculate the amount, in moles, of R present in 250 cm3 of solution.

(v) Calculate Mr of R.

[5]
(b) Three possible structures for R are shown below.
S

HO2CCH=CHCO2H

HO2CCH(OH)CH2CO2H

HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H

(i) Calculate the Mr of each of these acids.

Mr of S = ....................... Mr of T = ....................... Mr of U = .......................

(ii) Deduce which of the structures, S, T or U, correctly represents the structure of the
acid, R.
R is represented by ...........
[2]

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7
It is possible to convert S, T, or U into one another.
(c) State the reagent(s) and essential conditions that would be used for the following
conversions.

For
Examiners
Use

S into T
...........................................................................................................................................
S into U
...........................................................................................................................................
T into S
..................................................................................................................................... [5]
(d) Give the structural formula of the organic product formed in each of the following
reactions.
T reacting with an excess of Na

U reacting with an excess of Na2CO3

[2]
(e) The acid S shows stereoisomerism. Draw structures to show this isomerism.
Label each isomer.

[2]
(f) When one of the isomers of S is heated at 110 C in the absence of air, a cyclic compound
V, with molecular formula C4H2O3, is formed.
The other isomer of S does not react at this temperature.
Suggest the displayed formula of V.

[2]
[Total: 18]
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5

Propane, C3H8, and butane, C4H10, are components of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) which
is widely used as a fuel for domestic cooking and heating.
(a) (i) To which class of compounds do these two hydrocarbons belong?
......................................................
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of butane.
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) When propane or butane is used in cooking, the saucepan may become covered by a
solid black deposit.
(i) What is the chemical name for this black solid?
......................................................
(ii) Write a balanced equation for its formation from butane.
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Propane and butane have different values of standard enthalpy change of combustion.
Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) A 125 cm3 sample of propane gas, measured at 20 C and 101 kPa, was completely burnt
in air.
The heat produced raised the temperature of 200 g of water by 13.8 C.
Assume no heat losses occurred during this experiment.
(i) Use the equation pV = nRT to calculate the mass of propane used.

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Use

9
(ii) Use relevant data from the Data Booklet to calculate the amount of heat released in
this experiment.

For
Examiners
Use

(iii) Use the data above and your answers to (i) and (ii) to calculate the energy produced
by the burning of 1 mol of propane.

[5]
(e) The boiling points of methane, ethane, propane, and butane are given below.
compound

CH4

CH3CH3

CH3CH2CH3

CH3(CH2)2CH3

boiling point / K

112

185

231

273

(i) Suggest an explanation for the increase in boiling points from methane to butane.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) The isomer of butane, 2-methylpropane, (CH3)3CH, has a boiling point of 261 K.
Suggest an explanation for the difference between this value and that for butane in
the table above.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total: 15]

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BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

UCLES 2013

9701/21/O/N/13

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education
Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

*3576889954*

CHEMISTRY

9701/22

Paper 2 Structured Questions AS Core

October/November 2013
1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

Additional Materials:

Data Booklet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A Data Booklet is provided.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiners Use

1
2
3
4
5
Total
This document consists of 9 printed pages and 3 blank pages.
IB13 11_9701_22/FP
UCLES 2013

[Turn over

2
For
Examiners
Use

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (VSEPR) is a model of electron-pair repulsion
(including lone pairs) that can be used to deduce the shapes of, and bond angles in, simple
molecules.
(a) Complete the table below by using simple hydrogen-containing compounds. One
example has been included.

number of
bond pairs

number of
lone pairs

shape of
molecule

formula of
a molecule
with this shape

trigonal planar

BH3

2
[3]

(b) Tellurium, Te, proton number 52, is used in photovoltaic cells.

When fluorine gas is passed over tellurium at 150 C, the colourless gas TeF6 is formed.
(i) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of the TeF6 molecule, showing outer electrons only.

(ii) What will be the shape of the TeF6 molecule?

..........................................
(iii) What is the FTeF bond angle in TeF6?
..........................................
[3]
[Total: 6]

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3
2

For
Examiners
Use

The molecular formula C3H6 represents the compounds propene and cyclopropane.
H
C

H
CH3CH

CH2

H
propene

H
C
H

cyclopropane

(a) What is the HCH bond angle at the terminal =CH2 group in propene?
................

[1]

(b) Under suitable conditions, propene and cyclopropane each react with chlorine.
(i) With propene, 1,2-dichloropropane, CH3CHCl CH2Cl is formed.
State fully what type of reaction this is.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) When cyclopropane reacts with chlorine, three different compounds with the
molecular formula C3H4Cl 2 can be formed.
Draw displayed structures of each of these three compounds.

[3]
[Total: 5]

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4
3

Chlorine gas is manufactured by the electrolysis of brine using a diaphragm cell.

(a) (i) Write half-equations, including state symbols, for the reactions occurring at each of
the electrodes of a diaphragm cell.
anode .........................................................................................................................
cathode ......................................................................................................................
(ii) In the diaphragm cell, the anode is made of titanium and the cathode is made of
steel.
Suggest why steel is never used for the anode.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[3]
(b) Chlorine is very reactive and will form compounds by direct combination with many
elements.
Describe what you would see when chlorine is passed over separate heated samples of
sodium and phosphorus.
In each case write an equation for the reaction.
sodium
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
phosphorus
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [4]

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Examiners
Use

5
(c) Chlorine reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide in two different ways, depending on the
conditions used. In each case, water, sodium chloride and one other chlorine-containing
compound are formed.

For
Examiners
Use

For each condition below, give the formula of the other chlorine-containing compound
and state the oxidation number of chlorine in it.
condition

formula of other
chlorine-containing compound

oxidation number of
chlorine in this compound

cold dilute NaOH(aq)

hot concentrated NaOH(aq)
[4]
(d) Magnesium chloride, MgCl 2, and silicon tetrachloride, SiCl 4, each dissolve in or react
with water.
Suggest the approximate pH of the solution formed in each case.
MgCl 2 .................................

SiCl 4 .................................

Explain, with the aid of an equation, the difference between the two values.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [5]
[Total: 16]

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4

For
Examiners
Use

Compound R is a weak diprotic (dibasic) acid which is very soluble in water.

(a) A solution of R was prepared which contained 1.25 g of R in 250 cm3 of solution.
When 25.0 cm3 of this solution was titrated with 0.100 mol dm3 NaOH, 21.6 cm3 of the
alkali were needed for complete reaction.
(i) Using the formula H2X to represent R, construct a balanced equation for the reaction
between H2X and NaOH.
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) Use the data above to calculate the amount, in moles, of OH ions used in the
titration.

(iii) Use your answers to (i) and (ii) to calculate the amount, in moles, of R present in
25.0 cm3 of solution.

(iv) Calculate the amount, in moles, of R present in 250 cm3 of solution.

(v) Calculate Mr of R.

[5]
(b) Three possible structures for R are shown below.
S

HO2CCH=CHCO2H

HO2CCH(OH)CH2CO2H

HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H

(i) Calculate the Mr of each of these acids.

Mr of S = ....................... Mr of T = ....................... Mr of U = .......................

(ii) Deduce which of the structures, S, T or U, correctly represents the structure of the
acid, R.
R is represented by ...........
[2]

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7
It is possible to convert S, T, or U into one another.
(c) State the reagent(s) and essential conditions that would be used for the following
conversions.

For
Examiners
Use

S into T
...........................................................................................................................................
S into U
...........................................................................................................................................
T into S
..................................................................................................................................... [5]
(d) Give the structural formula of the organic product formed in each of the following
reactions.
T reacting with an excess of Na

U reacting with an excess of Na2CO3

[2]
(e) The acid S shows stereoisomerism. Draw structures to show this isomerism.
Label each isomer.

[2]
(f) When one of the isomers of S is heated at 110 C in the absence of air, a cyclic compound
V, with molecular formula C4H2O3, is formed.
The other isomer of S does not react at this temperature.
Suggest the displayed formula of V.

[2]
[Total: 18]
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8
5

Propane, C3H8, and butane, C4H10, are components of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) which
is widely used as a fuel for domestic cooking and heating.
(a) (i) To which class of compounds do these two hydrocarbons belong?
......................................................
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of butane.
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) When propane or butane is used in cooking, the saucepan may become covered by a
solid black deposit.
(i) What is the chemical name for this black solid?
......................................................
(ii) Write a balanced equation for its formation from butane.
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Propane and butane have different values of standard enthalpy change of combustion.
Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) A 125 cm3 sample of propane gas, measured at 20 C and 101 kPa, was completely burnt
in air.
The heat produced raised the temperature of 200 g of water by 13.8 C.
Assume no heat losses occurred during this experiment.
(i) Use the equation pV = nRT to calculate the mass of propane used.

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Examiners
Use

9
(ii) Use relevant data from the Data Booklet to calculate the amount of heat released in
this experiment.

For
Examiners
Use

(iii) Use the data above and your answers to (i) and (ii) to calculate the energy produced
by the burning of 1 mol of propane.

[5]
(e) The boiling points of methane, ethane, propane, and butane are given below.
compound

CH4

CH3CH3

CH3CH2CH3

CH3(CH2)2CH3

boiling point / K

112

185

231

273

(i) Suggest an explanation for the increase in boiling points from methane to butane.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) The isomer of butane, 2-methylpropane, (CH3)3CH, has a boiling point of 261 K.
Suggest an explanation for the difference between this value and that for butane in
the table above.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total: 15]

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BLANK PAGE

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BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

UCLES 2013

9701/22/O/N/13

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education
Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

*6138594413*

CHEMISTRY

9701/23

Paper 2 Structured Questions AS Core

October/November 2013
1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

Additional Materials:

Data Booklet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A Data Booklet is provided.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiners Use

1
2
3
4
5
Total
This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.
IB13 11_9701_23/3RP
UCLES 2013

[Turn over

2
For
Examiners
Use

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1

Ammonia, NH3, and methane, CH4, are the hydrides of elements which are next to one
another in the Periodic Table.
(a) In the boxes below, draw the dot-and-cross diagram of a molecule of each of these
compounds. Show outer electrons only.
State the shape of each molecule.
NH3

CH4

shape

shape
[3]

(b) Ammonia is polar whereas methane is non-polar. The physical properties of the two
compounds are different.
(i) Explain, using ammonia as the example, the meaning of the term bond polarity.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) Explain why the ammonia molecule is polar.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(iii) State one physical property of ammonia which is caused by its polarity.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[4]

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(c) When ammonia gas is mixed with hydrogen chloride, white, solid ammonium chloride is
formed.

For
Examiners
Use

State each type of bond that is present in one formula unit of ammonium chloride and
how many of each type are present.
You may draw diagrams.

...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 10]

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2

Petrol and diesel fuel are both used in internal combustion engines.
Petrol may be regarded as having the formula C9H20 and diesel fuel as having the formula
C14H30.
(a) (i) To which class of compounds do these two hydrocarbons belong?
......................................................
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of petrol.
....................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) When petrol or diesel fuel are used in internal combustion engines, several different
products of the incomplete combustion of the fuel may be formed.
(i) Name two of these products that do not contain hydrogen.
.................................. and ..................................
(ii) Choose one of these and state a hazard it causes.
product .......................................................................................................................
hazard ........................................................................................................................
(iii) Write a balanced equation for the formation of one of the products in (i) from diesel
fuel.
....................................................................................................................................
[4]

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Examiners
Use

5
For
Examiners
Use

(c) Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion.

...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) A 1.00 cm3 sample of C14H30 was completely burnt in air.
The heat produced raised the temperature of 250 g of water by 34.6 C.
Assume no heat losses occurred during this experiment.
The density of C14H30 is 0.763 g cm3.
(i) Use relevant data from the Data Booklet to calculate the amount of heat released in
this experiment.

(ii) Use the data above and your answer to (i) to calculate the energy produced by the
combustion of 1 mol of C14H30.

[5]
[Total: 13]

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For
Examiners
Use

The elements of Group VII of the Periodic Table show variation in their properties.
(a) (i) Complete the table below, stating the colour of each element in its normal state at
room temperature.
halogen

melting point / C

chlorine

101

bromine

iodine

114

colour

(ii) Briefly explain why the melting points of the halogens increase from chlorine to
iodine.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[4]
(b) The halogens form many interhalogen compounds in which two different halogens are
combined. One such compound is bromine monochloride, BrCl.
(i) Complete the electronic configurations of chlorine and bromine.
chlorine

1s22s22p6

bromine

1s22s22p6

(ii) Draw a 'dot-and-cross' diagram of the BrCl molecule.

Show outermost electrons only.

[2]

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For
Examiners
Use

(c) Interhalogen compounds like BrCl have similar properties to the halogens.
(i) By considering your answers to (a) and (b), predict the physical state of BrCl at room
temperature. Explain your answer.
physical state ............................................
explanation ................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) Suggest the colour of BrCl.
............................................
[4]
(d) Cl 2 and BrCl each react with aqueous KI.
(i) Describe what would be seen when Cl 2 is bubbled through aqueous KI for several
minutes.
initially ........................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
after several minutes .................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(ii) Construct an equation for the reaction that occurs.
....................................................................................................................................
(iii) Suggest an equation for the reaction that occurs between BrCl and aqueous KI.
....................................................................................................................................
(iv) How do Cl 2 and BrCl behave in these reactions?
....................................................................................................................................
[5]
[Total: 15]

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4

For
Examiners
Use

Compound Q is a viscous liquid which is very soluble in water.

The Mr of Q is 90.0.
Three possible structures for Q are shown below.
R

HOCH2CH2CO2H

HOCH2CO2CH3

HCO2CH2CH2OH

(a) (i) What type of isomerism do R, S and T show?

............................................................
(ii) What oxygen-containing functional groups are present in R, S and T?
Give their full names.
R ........................................................... and ...........................................................
S ........................................................... and ...........................................................
T ........................................................... and ...........................................................
(iii) Which functional group(s) in (ii) will react with sodium carbonate?
....................................................................................................................................
(iv) Which functional group(s) in (ii) will react with sodium metal?
....................................................................................................................................
[6]
(b) When 0.002 mol of Q is reacted with an excess of solid sodium carbonate, Na2CO3,
24 cm3 of carbon dioxide, measured at room temperature and pressure, is produced.
(i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of carbon dioxide produced in this reaction.

(ii) Hence calculate the amount, in moles, of carbon dioxide produced by 1 mol of Q.

[2]

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When 0.002 mol of Q is reacted with an excess of metallic sodium, 48 cm3 of hydrogen,
measured at room temperature and pressure, is produced.

For
Examiners
Use

(c) (i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrogen molecules produced in this reaction.

(ii) Hence calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrogen molecules produced by 1 mol of Q.

[2]
(d) Use your answers to (b) and (c) to deduce which structure, R, S or T, corresponds to the
structure of Q and write balanced equations for the reactions that occurred.
identity of Q is .........
equation for reaction with sodium carbonate
...........................................................................................................................................
equation for reaction with sodium metal
..................................................................................................................................... [5]
[Total: 15]

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5

For
Examiners
Use

The molecular formula C4H9OH represents four different alcohols, W, X, Y and Z.

W

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3

(CH3)2CHCH2OH

(CH3)3COH

(a) Draw the skeletal formula of Z.

[1]

(b) Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) is used as an oxidising agent in organic chemistry.

Give the structural formula of the organic product formed when each of the four alcohols
above is heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI).
If you believe that no reaction occurs, write 'no reaction' in the box.

[4]

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(c) One of the alcohols, W, X, Y or Z, can be dehydrated to give more than one organic
product.

For
Examiners
Use

Identify this alcohol and give the structural formulae of two of the products.

alcohol

product 1

product 2

[2]
[Total: 7]

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