[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
68 views8 pages

Lecture 16

Nanofiltration membranes have smaller pore sizes than ultrafiltration membranes. They reject low molecular weight organic compounds and divalent ions but allow passage of monovalent ions in salt form. This allows nanofiltration to be used for water softening. Nanofiltration is well-suited for removing surfactants and finishing agents from textile wastewater, improving removal of color, COD, conductivity, alkalinity and total dissolved solids. Thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes are commonly used and can provide effective treatment for textile industry wastewater when conventional methods are insufficient.

Uploaded by

Ankur Srivastav
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
68 views8 pages

Lecture 16

Nanofiltration membranes have smaller pore sizes than ultrafiltration membranes. They reject low molecular weight organic compounds and divalent ions but allow passage of monovalent ions in salt form. This allows nanofiltration to be used for water softening. Nanofiltration is well-suited for removing surfactants and finishing agents from textile wastewater, improving removal of color, COD, conductivity, alkalinity and total dissolved solids. Thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes are commonly used and can provide effective treatment for textile industry wastewater when conventional methods are insufficient.

Uploaded by

Ankur Srivastav
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Nanofiltration

Lecture16

Nanofiltration

1.

TheporesizeofthismembraneissmallerthanUltraFiltrationmembrane

2.

Theorganiccompoundsbearingverylowmolecularweightlinearchainstructurearerejected whilemonovalent cations combinedwithmonovalent anionstoformcompoundorsaltspass throughthepermeate.

3.

Thedivalentcations oranionsdonotpassthoughthepermeate.Thispropertyofrejectiondue toionicchargesismadeuseinthesofteningofwaterforthevariousapplications.

4.

ThemolecularweightcutforsuchtypesofmembranesislowerthanthatofUFmembrane.

How does Nanofitration help

UsingacombinationofUFandNFonecanachieveseparationandselectiverecoverytoprocess chemicalsorproductsatahigherefficiencycomparedtoconventionalprocesses Verywellsuitedforremovalofsurfactantsandfinishingagentswhichareusedintextileindustries Nanofiltration whenused actuallyimprovestheremovalefficiencyofthecolour,COD,conductivity, alkalinityandtotaldissolvedsolids(TDS)

Membrane quality

Thenanofiltration membranesareavailableindifferentconfigurations,butthetubularand spirallywoundmodulesaremostcommonlyused ThematerialusedintheconstructionsoftheNFmembranesisresistanttochemicalsand otherattacks

Applications of NF
1. Theapplicationofpolymericnanofiltration membranes(NF)inanyspecificwastestreaminthe textileindustry,whichtypicallygenerateslargevolumesofwastewaterhavingcomplex contaminantsfromitsdailyoperation.

2.

Itisthereforenecessarythatasmuchofthiswasteaspossibleisrecycledinsteadofbeing disposedofinlandfillsites

3.

Decoloring ofeffluentsandremovalofspentmineralacidsusedtoscavengeorganicsandheavy metalimpurities.

4.

HeavymetalsarerejectedpreferentiallybyNanofiltration membrane,purificationofacidand basehasbecomeeconomicallypossibleduetoNanofiltration.

Thin-film composite nanofiltration (TFC-NF)

OnenewtypeofNFmembranes,thethinfilmcompositenanofiltration (TFCNF)membraneisthemost widelyusedfortheremovalofdyesandsalts. TheperformancesofthiscommercialNFmembraneshasbeenextensivelyexaminedintermsofdye rejection,saltrejection,permeatefluxandCODrejection. Mostoftheconventionaltechnologiesseemunabletoprovidesufficienttreatmentfortheeffluents. Therefore,thisTFCNFmembranesoffersolutionsforthisproblem.

Removal of Dyes and Salts by NF

Someofthecommercialmembranesshowedmaximumseparationofdyeandsaltswhilesome achievedhigherflux. ThisisbecauseofthelargevariabilityamongsttheparametersoftextilewastewaterandtheNF membraneschosen. Thetransportmodelthatisspecificallysuitablefortextilecolouredwastewaterwiththepresenceofthe dyesandsaltscanbesuccessfullydone. Membranefoulingmechanismsandmethodstocontrolfoulingcanalsobeachieved

Typical operation conditions of NF


Nanofiltration experimentsofthepartiallytreatedwastewaterwasperformedinafiltrationplant equippedwithapressurevesselcontainingonespiralwoundmembraneelement(A =2.51m2). Theoperatingconditionswere:transmembrane pressureof20bar,crossflowvelocityof1.66m/sanda temperatureof25C. ThemembranetestedwastheDesal DK2540fromOsmonics (commercialname). NFexperimentsshowedthatpermeates,CODandconductivitywerearound100mg/Land1000 S/cm, respectively,withavolumeconcentrationfactorof2.5.

You might also like