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QT Formulae ONLY

1. The document defines various statistical formulae for calculating measures such as the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median, mode, and partition values. 2. Measures of dispersion like the quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, and variance are also defined. 3. Methods for calculating correlation, regression, probability, and the binomial probability distribution are summarized.

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Sudhir Pawar
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102 views4 pages

QT Formulae ONLY

1. The document defines various statistical formulae for calculating measures such as the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median, mode, and partition values. 2. Measures of dispersion like the quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, and variance are also defined. 3. Methods for calculating correlation, regression, probability, and the binomial probability distribution are summarized.

Uploaded by

Sudhir Pawar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

QT- FORMULAE FOR SMBA


ARITHMETIC MEAN -
X

Type-I : x =
n
x


Type-II and III: x =

f
f x


COMBINED ARITHMETIC MEAN
Suppose we have two groups expressed in the same unit with arithmetic mean 1 x and 2 x , with sample
size n
1
and n
2
respectively, then the combined mean of both groups is denoted by x
and is denoted as
x
=
2 1
2 2 1 1
n n
x n x n
+
+

WEIGHTED ARITHMETIC MEAN



GEOMETRIC MEAN: GM for x
1
, x
2
, x
3
, x
4
, x
5
, x
6
, x
7
, and is x
8

GM =



HARMONIC MEAN : HM for x
1
, x
2
, x
3
, x
4
, x
5
, x
6
, x
7
, and is x
8

HM =



MEDIAN

M = L +
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

f
pcf
N
2
*i
Where L : Lower limit of the median class.
N: Total frequency
pcf: cumulative frequency of the pre-median class
f: Frequency of the median class
i: Interval of the median class
PARTITION VALUES
QUARTILES: Q1, Q2, Q3; Q
k
= L +
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

f
pcf
kN
4
*i, k = 1,2,3.
2

DECILES : D
k
= L +
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

f
pcf
kN
10
*i, k = 1,2,3,..9

PERCENTILES: P
k
= L +
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

f
pcf
kN
100
*i, k = 1,2,3,..99

MODE, Z = L +
2 0 1
0 1
2 f f f
f f

* i
Where f
0
= frequency of the pre-modal class; f
1
= frequency of the modal class ; f
2
=frequency of the
post modal class; l = lover limit of the modal class; I = interval of the modal class.


MEASURES OF DISPERSION
Quartile Deviation: Q.D =
2
1 3
Q Q

Coefficient of Q.D =
1 3
1 3
Q Q
Q Q
+


Mean Deviation about Mean =MD( ) =
n
x x
, where x =
n
x

Coefft. of M.D about mean =


Type-II & III
M.D about Mean = MD( ) =
f
x x f


, x =
f
fx

Coefft. of M.D about mean =



Standard Deviation and Variance

Type-I

= o
2
2
) (x
n
x

, x =
n
x
Coeft of variance : C.V =
x
x
o
*100

Type-II & III = o
2
2
) (x
f
fx

, x =
f
fx

C.V =
x
x o
* 100

Combined Standard Deviation:

12
o =
2 1
2
2
2
2 2
2
1
2
1 1
) ( ) (
n n
d n d n
+
+ + + o o
; d
1
= x-
1
x ; d
2
= x-
2
x And x =
2 1
2 2 1 1
n n
x n x n
+
+

3



SKEWNESS
Bowleys coefficient of skewness = Sk
b
=
1 3
2 1 3
2
Q Q
Q Q Q

+


Karl Pearsons Coefficient of skewness = Skp=
deviation std
Mode Mean
.

=
o
Z x


CORRELATION-REGRESSION

Karl Pearsons Correlation Coefficient ( r ):
r =






2 2 2 2
) ( ) ( y y n x x n
y x xy n


Spearmans Rank Correlation coefficient ( R ):
R = 1 -
) 1 (
6
2
2

n n
d


Spearmans Rank Correlation coefficient for repeated Ranks ( R ):

R = 1 -
) 1 (
] [ 6
2
2

+
n n
CF d
for repeated numbers/ranks , where CF =
12
) 1 (
2
m m
, where m is the
number of ranks repeated and d is the difference between the ranks.


LINEAR REGRESSION EQUATIONS

Regression equation x on y is : x - x = b
xy
(y- y ) and

Regression equation y on x is : (y- y ) = b
yx
(x - x ) where

b
xy
=


2
) (
) )( (
y y
y y x x
; b
yx
=


2
) (
) )( (
x x
y y x x


If correlation coefficient (r) and standard deviations,

are given, then the regression coefficients


can be find as
b
xy
=

and b
yx
= r

and r =





4


SLOPE:


If ax + by + c = 0, then the slope of this line is

Slope =


=


Whichever slope is small that slope is B
yx
and the inverse of the other slope is B
xy
.

Fit a straight line trend by the method of least squares, the equation is

y = a + bx, where a = ; and b =

only if x = 0


PROBABILITY
1. Probability of an event = P(A) =


2. If A and B are any two events , probability of happening at least one of them is
P(AUB) = P(A) + P(B) P(AB) . Called as addition formula and

P(AB) = P(A) . P(B/A) &
P(AB) = P(B) . P(A/B). Called as conditional probability or product formula
3. If A and B are independent events, then P(A/B) = P(A) and P(B/A) = P(B) then the addition and
product formula becomes
P(AB) = P(A) . P(B)
P(AUB) = P(A) + P(B) P(A) . P(B)

Expectation of x = E(x) = xp
E(x
2
) = x
2
p
Variance of x = V(x) = E(x
2
) - [E(x)]
2
,
Standard Deviation , SD =

BINOMIAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

P[X=x] =
n
C
x
p
x
q
n-x
, x = 0,1,2n
Mean = np
Variance = npq
********** **************** *********** *********** *************

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