Agriculture and Natural Resources
FSA3009
Livestock Health Series
Beef Cattle Herd Health
Vaccination Schedule
Jeremy Powell
Associate Professor Veterinarian
Introduction
A herd health management plan is vital to profitable beef production. Some producers, however, do not vaccinate until they experience a loss. The investment in disease prevention is less than the cost of disease treat ment. Dont wait until a disease out break occurs before implementing a sound herd health program. For cattle to reach their performance potential, they must be healthy. Many animal health problems can be controlled with good management, proper nutrition and vaccination against infectious diseases. Beef cattle vaccination programs vary, depending upon the type of operation and area of Arkansas. The purpose of this fact
Steven Jones
Associate Professor Livestock
sheet is to provide the cattle producer with a basic herd health vaccination program. It is important to contact your veterinarian to determine if additional vaccinations are required for your area.
Table 1. Cattle Vital Statistics
Rectal Temperature Heart Rate Beats/Minute Respiratory Rate Estrous Cycle Estrus Gestation Length 101.5 degrees F (38.5 degrees C) 60 to 70 30 breaths/minute 18 to 23 days 12 to 18 hours 285 days
Shane Gadberry
Assistant Professor Nutrition
Tom Troxel
Professor - Beef Cattle
Table 2. Vaccination Schedule: Cows and Bulls
Vaccine IBR BVD PI3 BRSV Leptospirosis (5-Way) Vibriosis Trichomoniasis Recommended Recommended Recommended Recommended Recommended Recommended Optional Optional Optional Optional Annual (killed or intranasal) Annual Annual Annual Annual (every 3 to 6 months in some areas) Annual (30 to 60 days before breeding) Annual (30 to 60 days before breeding) As needed Annual As directed
Arkansas Is
Our Campus
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Pinkeye Blackleg 7-Way Anthrax
University of Arkansas, United States Department of Agriculture and County Governments Cooperating
Table 3. Vaccination Schedule: Calves*
Vaccine Blackleg 7-Way IBR-BVD-PI3 Leptospirosis Brucellosis BRSV Recommended Recommended Recommended Recommended Optional Optional Optional Optional Optional Optional Optional Preweaning Preweaning Preweaning Heifers (4 to12 months) As needed Preweaning Preweaning As needed Vaccinate cows (twice 30 days before calving) As directed As directed
Pasteurella Haemophilus somnus
Pinkeye
E. coli
Anthrax Anaplasmosis
*Do not use modified-live products on calves that are still nursing cows.
Table 4. Vaccination Schedule: Heifers
Vaccine Brucellosis IBR BVD-PI3 BRSV Vibriosis Leptospirosis Blackleg 7-Way Anthrax Anaplasmosis Calfhood (4 to 12 months) Before breeding Before breeding Before breeding Before breeding Before breeding Before breeding Optional as directed Optional as directed
Conclusion
Vaccination programs should always be customized for your operation. Items to consider while establishing a vaccination program include geographic region, type of cattle operation, frequency of introducing new stock, post-vaccination problems and export or interstate shipping requirements. For best results, always follow the manufacturers recommendations for dosage, method of administration, number of times given and proper storage. Preventing diseases through the use of a herd health management plan saves time and money. For best results, work with a veterinarian who is familiar with your beef cattle operation. Justifying the cost of preventive management is sometimes difficult. The annual cost of a vaccine health program ranges from $3 to $10 per cow-calf unit. Experiencing a health disaster certainly drives home the point that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
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JEREMY POWELL, DVM, associate professor - veterinarian, is located in Fayetteville. STEVEN JONES, associate professor - livestock, DR. SHANE GADBERRY, assistant professor - nutrition, and DR. TOM TROXEL, professor - beef cattle, are located in Little Rock. They are employees of the Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas. The Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, marital or veteran status, or any other legally protected status and is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.
FSA3009-PD-1-10RV
