NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy - A
At Latitude -1.817 and Longitude 29.3
Average elevation: 1511 meters Northern boundary -1 Eastern Center boundary Latitude 1.5 30 Longitude 29.5 Southern boundary -2
Geometry Information
Western boundary 29
Parameters for Tilted Solar Panels:
Monthly Averaged Peak Sun Hours Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface / RETScreen Lat -1.817 Lon 29.3 SSE MAX K Erbs DIF RET DNR Tilt 0 Tilt 1 Tilt 16 Tilt 90 OPT OPT ANG Jan 4.95 0.48 2.19 3.83 4.88 4.9 5.03 2.57 5.03 17 Feb 4.91 0.46 2.25 3.56 4.84 4.85 4.87 2.15 4.89 10 Mar 4.94 0.47 2.25 3.52 4.87 4.88 4.76 1.66 4.88 1 Apr 4.88 0.48 2.16 3.64 4.82 4.83 4.88 2.24 4.89 12 May 4.84 0.51 2.02 3.98 4.79 4.81 5.04 2.86 5.07 23 Jun 5.09 0.56 1.89 4.6 5.03 5.06 5.42 3.39 5.52 28 Jul 5.22 0.56 1.91 4.68 5.16 5.19 5.52 3.3 5.59 26 Aug 4.93 0.5 2.08 3.89 4.87 4.88 5.01 2.52 5.01 17
NOTE: Parameter Definition
Diffuse radiation, direct normal radiation and tilted surface radiation are not calculated when the clearness index (K) is below 0.3 or above 0.8.
Meteorology (Temperature):
Monthly Averaged Air Temperature At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth For Indicated GMT Time Lat -1.817 Lon 29.3 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Average@22 30 18.7 18.8 19.1 19.3 19.1 18 18 18.1 Average@01 30 16.9 16.9 17.4 17.8 17.7 16.5 16.3 16.5 Average@04 30 15.9 15.9 16.4 16.9 16.9 15.6 15.3 15.6 Average@07 30 19.4 19.8 19.9 19.8 19.4 18.4 18.4 18.7 Average@10 30 22.9 23.5 23.4 23 22.4 21.8 21.8 22.1 Average@13 30 23.3 24 23.7 23.2 22.8 22.5 22.6 22.8 Average@16 30 22.2 22.7 22.4 22.1 21.7 21.2 21.3 21.5 Average@19 30 20.6 20.9 21 20.9 20.5 19.7 19.7 19.9 Average@19 30 -4.73 -1.41 4.29 7.68 15.1 21.6 26.3 26.5 eter Definition Units Conversion Chart
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Document generated on Sun Sep 4 20:12:44 EDT 2005
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ar Energy - Available Tables
ed Tilted Surface / RETScreen Method (kWh/m 2/day) Sep 4.93 0.48 2.19 3.65 4.87 4.87 4.8 1.8 4.87 4 Oct 4.84 0.46 2.23 3.48 4.78 4.79 4.77 1.97 4.81 7 Nov 4.78 0.46 2.19 3.54 4.71 4.73 4.82 2.38 4.82 15 Dec 5 0.49 2.15 4 4.93 4.95 5.12 2.71 5.12 19 Annual Average 4.94 0.49 2.13 3.86 4.88 4.89 5 2.46 5.04 14.9
4.76
Earth For Indicated GMT Times ( C) Sep 18.7 17 16.2 19.5 22.9 23.3 22 20.5 20.4 Oct 19 17.4 16.7 19.9 23.2 23.6 22.3 20.8 11.7 Nov 19.1 17.7 16.9 19.7 22.8 23.1 21.9 20.7 0.84 Dec 19.1 17.5 16.7 19.5 22.6 22.9 21.9 20.6 -5.16
26.5
Green Empowerment
PV System Load Summary Sheet
Example D - Large System Example
Quantity
Load
Watts
Hours per Day
Watthours per Day
Amps at 12 VDC
Amps at 24 VDC
Amps at 120 VAC 0.2 0.2 4.3 4.3 1.4 3.0 13.4
2 2 1 1 1 3
Example 1 (Watthours from Example 1 carry forward to panel and battery design sheets.) ER 20 8 320 3.3 0.8 OR 20 8 320 3.3 0.8 patient room1 or ER 13 4 52 1.1 0.3 patient room2 or OR 13 4 52 1.1 0.3 AAA battery charger 6 2.7 16 0.5 0.2 LED 3 4 36 0.8 0.3 Totals 796 10.1 2.9
Green Empowerment
Solar Panel Sizing Worksheet
Example D - Large System Example
Inputs: Watthours per Day Battery Efficiency Wiring Efficiency Inverter Efficiency Design Temperature Design PSH Temperature Mult. 796 0.85 0.97 1.00 24.00 4.76 0.88 From Watthour Calculation Sheet Usually .85 Design for Voltage Drop of 3% = .97 efficiency If no inverter (All DC) use 1.0 In Degrees C - average during 10 am to 3 pm Usually minimum PSH during the year Calculated in Step 1
Step 1:
Calculate Panel Multiplier Due to Temperature:
Assume loss is 0.5% per deg C over 25 degrees.
Panel Operating Temperature = Design Temperature + 25 deg C Des. Temp + 25 deg = 49 Panel Oper Temp
Panel Losses due to temperature = (Panel Oper. Temp - 25 deg C) x 0.5% 49 -25 = 24 x 0.005 = 0.12 Panel Losses
Temperature Multiplier = 1 - Panel Losses Due to Temperature 1 0.12 = 0.88 = Multiplier
Step 2:
Calculate the Panel Sizing Factor: Panel Sizing Factor = Temperature Multiplier x Batt Eff x Wiring Eff x Inverter Eff 0.88 X 0.85 X 0.97 X 1.00 = 0.73
Step 3:
Determine the Size of the Array Required in Watts peak Array size = Whrs/day 796.2 / /( (Panel Sizing Factor x Design PSH) 0.73 x 4.76 )= 230.54 Watts Peak for Array
Step 4:
Determine No. of Panels No. of Panels = Watts Peak for Array / Watts p for panel (round up) 230.54 / 102 = 2.26 No. of Panels
Green Empowerment
Battery Sizing Worksheet
Example D - Large System Example
Inputs: Watthours per Day Battery Efficiency Wiring Efficiency Inverter Efficiency Depth of Discharge Days of Autonomy System Voltage 796 0.85 0.97 1.00 0.50 3.00 12 From Watthour Calculation Sheet Usually .85 Design for Voltage Drop of 2% = .98 efficiency If no inverter (All DC) use 1.0 Usually .5 Could use .6 Usually 3 Could use 2 Usually 12V, 24V, 48V DC
Step 1:
Calculate Adjusted Watthours/day to accommodate for System Losses: Adj. WH/Day = Watthours / Day (Batt. Eff x Wiring Eff x Inv Eff) = 796.2 0.82 = 966 Adj. WH / Day
Theis is the number of watthours the battery needs to provide each day to supply the load.
Step 2:
Calculate the battery bank size, based on Depth of Discharge and Autonomy Requirements. Multiplier = Days' Aut DOD Adj Wh/Day x Mult = = 3.00 0.50 6.00 = 6.00 Multiplier
Batty Bank Size = in Watthours
966 X
5794
Batty Bank Size in Watthours
Step 3:
Determine the size and number of batteries required. Battery Bank Size = in Amphours Batt Bank Size in WHrs System Voltage = 5794 12.00 = 483 Battery Bank Size in Amphours
Step 4:
Determine Battery (ies) to use: Battery Bank Size in Ahrs Battery Size Avail in Ahrs = 483 110 = 4.39 Batteries in Parallel Round Up
Step 5:
If Battery Voltage is not the same as System voltage, multiply number of batteries in parallel by (System Voltage / Battery Voltage), to get actual number of batteries.
