Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 1

SUBJECT NAME : Transforms and Partial Differential Equations
SUBJECT CODE : MA 2211
MATERIAL NAME : Problem Material
MATERIAL CODE : JM08AM3006

Name of the Student: Branch:

Unit I (Fourier Series)
1) Develop a Fourier series for the function ( ) ( ) f x x x = = = = in the interval (0, 2 ) .
2) Find the Fourier series for the function
2
( ) ( ) f x x = = = = in the interval (0, 2 ) and
deduce sum of series as
2 2 2
1 1 1
1 ...
2 3 4
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + and also find
4 4 4
1 1 1
1 ...
2 3 4
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
3) Find the Fourier series of periodic 2 for
in (0, )
( )
2 in ( , 2 )
x
f x
x



= == =



and deduce that
2
2 2 2
1 1 1
...
1 3 5 8

+ + + = + + + = + + + = + + + = .
4) Obtain the Fourier expansion of periodicity 2 for ( ) f x x = == = when x < < < < < < < < .
Deduce that
2
2 2
1 1
1 ...
3 5 8

+ + + = + + + = + + + = + + + = and also find the value of
4 4
1 1
1 ...
3 5
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
5) Find the Fourier series of
2
( ) f x x = == = in the interval ( , ) . Hence deduce that
2 2 2
1 1 1
...
1 2 3
+ + + + + + + + + + + + also find the value of
4 4 4
1 1 1
...
1 2 3
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
6) Find the Fourier series for the function
2
( ) f x x x = + = + = + = + in the interval ( , ) and also
deduce the value of
2
2
1
6 n

= == =

.
7) Show that when 0 x < < < < < < < < ,
sin2 sin4 sin6
...
2 1 2 3
x x x
x

= + + + = + + + = + + + = + + +
8) Develop a sine series of the function
0 / 2
( )
/ 2
x x
f x
x x


< < < < < < < <
= == =

< < < < < < < <


9) Find the Fourier series of ( ) cos f x x x = == = in the interval ( , ) .
10) Find the Fourier series of ( ) cos f x x = == = in the interval [-, ].
11) Obtain the Fourier series of ( ) f x period 2 and defined as follows
0
( )
0 2
x x
f x
x
< < < < < < < <
= == =

< < < < < < < <



and hence deduce the following
Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 2

i)
1 1 1
1 ...
3 5 7 4

+ + = + + = + + = + + =
ii)
2
2 2 2
1 1 1
...
1 3 5 8

+ + + = + + + = + + + = + + + =
12) Find the Fourier series of
2
( ) f x x = == = in the interval ( , ) . Hence deduce the sum of
series
2 2 2
1 1 1
...
1 2 3
+ + + + + + + + + + + + .
13) Find the Fourier series of ( ) (2 ) f x x x = = = = in 0 2 x < < < < < < < < . Deduce the sum of the
series
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
...
1 2 3 4
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + .
14) Find the complex form of the Fourier series of the function ( )
x
f x e = == =

when
x < < < < < < < < and ( 2 ) ( ) f x f x + = + = + = + = .
15) Find the complex form of the Fourier series of the periodic function ( ) sin f x x = == =

when
0 x < < < < < < < < .

16) Find the Fourier Series up to three harmonic for y = f(x)in (0,2) for the following data
x 0 /3 2/3 4/3 5/3 2
y 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.0

17) Find the Fourier Series up to two harmonic for y = f(x)in (0,2) for the following data
x 0 60 120 180 240 300 360
y 40.0 31.0 -13.7 20.0 3.7 -21.0 40.0

18) Find the Fourier Series up to two harmonic for y = f(x)in (0,2) for the following data
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 9 18 24 28 26 20

19) The values of x and the corresponding values of f(x) over a period T are given below
Show that ( ) 0.75 0.37cos 1.004sin f x = + + = + + = + + = + + where
2 x
T

= == = .
x 0 T/6 T/3 T/2 2T/3 5T/6 T
f(x) 1.98 1.30 1.05 1.30 -0.88 -0.25 1.98

Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 3

Unit II (Fourier Transforms)

Part I
1) Show that the Fourier transform of
2 2
,
( )
0 ,
a x x a
f x
x a
< < < <

= == =

> >> >


is
3
2 sin cos
2
as as as
s
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
\ \ \ \
.
Hence deduce that
3
0
sin cos
4
t t t
dt
t



= == =

. Using
Parsevals identity show that
2
3
0
sin cos
15
t t t
dt
t


| | | | | | | |
= == =
| | | |
\ \ \ \

.
2) Find the Fourier transform of
2
1 , 1
( )
0 , 1
x x
f x
x
< < < <

= == =

> >> >


. Hence prove that
3
0
sin cos 3
cos
2 16
s s s s
ds
s



= == =

.
3) Find the Fourier transform of ( ) f x if
1 ,
( )
0 , 0
x a
f x
x a
< << <

= == =

> > > > > > > >


. Hence deduce that
i)
0
sin
2
t
dt
t


= == =

ii)
2
0
sin
2
t
dt
t


| | | | | | | |
= == =
| | | |
\ \ \ \



4) Find the Fourier transform of ( ) f x if
1 , 1
( )
0 , 1
x x
f x
x
< < < <

= == =

> >> >


. Hence deduce that
2
0
sin
2
t
dt
t


| | | | | | | |
= == =
| | | |
\ \ \ \

and
4
0
sin
3
t
dt
t


| | | | | | | |
= == =
| | | |
\ \ \ \

.
Note: The same problem they may ask
,
( )
0 ,
a x x a
f x
x a
< < < <

= == =

> >> >


with same
deduction.

Part II
5) Find the Fourier cosine and sine transform of the function ( ) , 0
ax
f x e a

= > = > = > = > .
6) Evaluate
( (( ( ) )) )
2
2 2
0
, 0
dx
if a
a x

> >> >
+ ++ +

using Parsevals identity.
Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 4

7) Evaluate
( (( ( ) )) )
2
2
2 2
0
, 0
x
dx a
a x

> >> >
+ ++ +

using Parsevals identity.
8) Evaluate
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2 2
0
, , 0
dx
if a b
x a x b

> >> >
+ + + + + + + +

using Parsevals identity.
9) Evaluate
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2
2 2 2 2
0
, , 0
x
dx if a b
x a x b

> >> >
+ + + + + + + +

using Parsevals identity.
10) Evaluate
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
0
1 4
dx
x x

+ + + + + + + +

using transforms method.
Part III (Special Problems)
11) Find the Fourier cosine and sine transform of ( )
ax
f x xe

= == =
.

12) Find the Fourier cosine transform of ( )
ax
e
f x
x

= == =
.

13) Find the Fourier sine transform of ( )
ax
e
f x
x

= == =
.

14) Find the Fourier cosine transform of
2
( )
x
f x e

= == =
.

15) Find the Fourier cosine transform of
2 2
, 0
a x
e a

> >> > and hence deduce that sine
transform of
2 2
a x
xe

.
16) Show that the Fourier sine transform of
2
2
x
xe

is self reciprocal.
17) Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of
x
e

also find the Fourier sine transform of
2
1
x
x + ++ +

and Fourier cosine transform of
2
1
1 x + ++ +
.
18) State and Prove Convolution theorem in Fourier transform.
Unit III (Partial Differential Equations)

Higher Order Homogeneous PDE
1) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
6 5 sinh
x
D DD D z e y xy + = + + = + + = + + = + .
Ans.:
3 4
1 2
1
( ) ( 5 )
8 24 6 4
x y x y
x x y x
z f y x f y x e e
+ + + +
= + + + + + = + + + + + = + + + + + = + + + + + .
2) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
3 2 2
4 4 6sin(3 6 ) D D D DD z x y + = + + = + + = + + = + .
Ans.:
1 2 3
2
( ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) cos(3 6 )
81
z f y f y x xf y x x y = + + + + + + = + + + + + + = + + + + + + = + + + + + + .
Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 5

3) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2
sin sin2 D DD z x y = = = = .
Ans.:
1 2
1 1
( ) ( ) cos( 2 ) cos( 2 )
6 2
z f y f y x x y x y = + + + = + + + = + + + = + + + .
4) Solve
3 3 3
3
3 2 3
7 6 sin( 2 )
x y
z z z
z x y e
x x y y
+ ++ +
| | | | | | | |
= + + = + + = + + = + +
| | | |

\ \ \ \
.
Ans.:
3
1 2 3
1
( ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) cos( 2 )
75 20
x y
x
z f y x f y x f y x x y e
+ ++ +
= + + + + + = + + + + + = + + + + + = + + + + + .
5) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
6 cos D DD D z y x + = + = + = + = .
Ans.:
1 2
( 2 ) ( 3 ) cos sin z f y x f y x y x x = + + + = + + + = + + + = + + + .
6) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
2 2 2 sin( 2 ) D DD D D D z x y + + = + + + = + + + = + + + = + .
7) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
3 3 7
x y
D D D D z e xy
+ ++ +
+ = + + + = + + + = + + + = + + .
8) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
2 3 3 2 cosh(2 ) D DD D D D z x y + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + .
9) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
2 2 2 cos 2 cos D DD D D D z x y + + = + + = + + = + + =
Standard Types
1) Solve z px qy pq = + + = + + = + + = + + . Ans.: 0 z xy + = + = + = + =
2) Solve
2 2
z px qy p q = + + = + + = + + = + + . Ans.:
2 2
4z y x = = = =
3) Solve
2 2
1 z px qy p q = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + . Ans.:
2 2 2
1 x y z + + = + + = + + = + + = .
4) Solve
2 2
1 z px qy c p q = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + . Ans.:
2 2 2 2
x y z c + + = + + = + + = + + = .
5) Solve
z x y
pq
pq q p
= + + = + + = + + = + + . Ans.:
Hint: Multiply pq on both side, we get ( (( ( ) )) )
3/ 2
z px qy pq = + + = + + = + + = + +
6) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
1 p y x qx + = + = + = + = .
Hint: Rearrange the above equation, we get
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
2
1
(says)
p x
q
k
x y
+ ++ +
= = = = = = = = .
This is of the form
1 2
( , ) ( , ) f x p f y q = == = .
7) Solve
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2
9 4 p z q + = + = + = + = . Ans.:
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
3
2
2
z a x ay b + = + + + = + + + = + + + = + + .
Hint: This is of the form ( , , ) 0 f z p q = == = .
8) Solve
2 2 2
1 z p q = + + = + + = + + = + + . Ans.: ( (( ( ) )) )
1
2
1
cosh
1
z x ay b
a

= + + = + + = + + = + +
+ ++ +
.
Hint: This is of the form ( , , ) 0 f z p q = == = .
Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 6

9) Solve ( (( ( ) )) ) 1 p q qz + = + = + = + = . Ans.: ( (( ( ) )) ) log 1 x ay c az ( ( ( ( + = + = + = + =

.
Hint: This is of the form ( , , ) 0 f z p q = == = .
10) Solve ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) x y z p y z x q z x y + = + = + = + = . Ans.: ( (( ( ) )) ) , 0 x y z xyz + + = + + = + + = + + =
11) Solve
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x y z p y z x q z x y + = + = + = + = . Ans.:
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
, 0 x y z xyz + + = + + = + + = + + =
12) Solve ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) m n n m z y p x z q y x + = + = + = + = .
Ans.:
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
, m n 0 x y z x y z + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + =
13) Solve ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) 3 4 4 2 2 3 z y p x z q y x + = + = + = + = .
Ans.:
( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
, 2 3 4 0 x y z x y z + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + =
14) Solve
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2 2 2
x yz p y zx q z xy + = + = + = + = .
Ans.: , 0
x y
xy yz zx
y z

| | | | | | | |
+ + = + + = + + = + + =
| | | |

\ \ \ \

Unit IV (Application of PDE)
One dimensional Wave equation.
1) Problems on Zero initial velocity (Pre work: 1).
For the following ( ) f x
a) ( ) sin
x
f x a

= == =

(another name Sinusoid of length a)
b)
3
0
( ) sin
x
f x y

= == =


c) ( ) ( ) f x x x = = = =
d) The midpoint of the string is displaced to a small height h or b is given.
e) Any problems with string of length 2.

2) Problems on Non Zero initial velocity (Pre work: 2).
For the following ( ) f x
f) ( ) sin
x
f x a

= == =

(another name Sinusoid of length a)
g)
3
0
( ) sin
x
f x v

= == =


h) ( ) ( ) f x x x = = = =
i)
, 0 / 2
( ), / 2
cx x
v
c x x

= == =






j) Any problems with string of length 2.
Engineering Mathematics Material 2010

Prepared by C.Ganesan, M.Sc., M.Phil., (Ph: 9841168917) Page 7

One dimensional Heat flow equation.
3) Problems on zero boundary conditions. (Pre work: 3)
4) Problems on One end zero and another end non zero boundary condition and
reduced to 0C. (Pre work: 4)
5) Problems on both ends non zero boundary condition and reduced to 0C.
6) Problems on both ends non zero boundary condition and reduced to non zero
temperature.
Unit V (Z Transform)
Problems on Z transform
1) Find the Z transform of the functioncos , sin , cos , sin ,
n n
n n a n a n
cos / 2, sin / 2, cos / 2, sin / 2.
n n
n n a n a n
2) State and Prove final value theorem in Z transform.
3) State and Prove Initial value theorem in Z transform.
4) Find the Z transform of the following functions (i)
{ {{ { } }} }
n
a (ii)
{ {{ { } }} }
n
na (iii)
1
n

` ` ` `
) ) ) )
(iv)
1
! n

` ` ` `
) ) ) )
(v)
!
n
a
n

` ` ` `
) ) ) )
(vi)
1
1 n

` ` ` `
+ ++ +
) ) ) )
(vii) { {{ { } }} } n (viii)
1
n

` ` ` `
) ) ) )
(ix) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) 1 2 n n + + + + + + + + (x)
( (( ( ) )) )
1
1 n n + ++ +

5) Find the Z transform of the function
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2 3
( )
1 2
n
f n
n n
+ ++ +
= == =
+ + + + + + + +
.
Problems on Inverse Z transform using Partial fraction
method
1) Find the inverse Z transform of
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2
3
2 1 5
z z
z z z
+ ++ +
+ + + + + + + +
using partial fraction
method.
2) Find
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2
1
2
2
1 1
z z z
Z
z z

( ( ( (
+ + + +
( ( ( (
( ( ( ( + + + +

by using partial fraction method.
3) Find the inverse Z transform of
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2
2
2 4
z
z z + + + + + + + +
using partial fraction method.
4) Find
1
2
7 10
z
Z
z z

( ( ( (
( ( ( (
+ + + + + + + +

by using partial fraction method.
5) Find the inverse Z transform of
2
3 2
3
3 4
z z
z z
+ ++ +
+ + + +
using partial fraction method.
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6) Find
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) )
1
3
1
1
z z
Z
z

( ( ( (
+ ++ +
( ( ( (
( ( ( (

by using reduces method.
Problems on Convolution Theorem
1) State Convolution theorem and use it to evaluate
( (( ( ) )) )
2
1
( )
z
Z
z a z b

( ( ( (
( ( ( (


.
2) Find
2
1
2
( )
z
Z
z a

( ( ( (
( ( ( (
+ ++ +

using convolution theorem.
3) Find
2
1
8
(2 1)(4 1)
z
Z
z z

( ( ( (
( ( ( (
+ + + +

using convolution theorem.
4) Using Convolution theorem, find
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
2
1
1 3
z
Z
z z

( ( ( (
( ( ( (


.
5) Find the inverse Z transform of
2
z
z a
| | | | | | | |
| | | |

\ \ \ \
, using Convolution theorem.
6) Use Convolution theorem to find the inverse Z transform
( (( ( ) )) ) ( (( ( ) )) )
1 1
12
3 4 z z


.
Solving Difference Equation
1) Using Z transform, solve
2 1
6 9 2
k
k k k
y y y
+ + + + + + + +
+ + = + + = + + = + + = given
0 1
0 y y = = = = = = = = .
2) Solve
2 1
3 2 0
n n n
u u u
+ + + + + + + +
+ + = + + = + + = + + = given
0 1
1, 2 u u = = = = = = = = , using Z transform.
3) Solve ( 3) 3 ( 1) 2 ( ) 0 y n y n y n + + + = + + + = + + + = + + + = given that (0) 4, (1) 0 y y = = = = = = = = and
(2) 8. y = == =
4) Solve the system
2 1
5 6 ,
n n n n
y y y u
+ + + + + + + +
+ = + = + = + = with
0 1
0, 1 y y = = = = = = = = and 1
n
u = == = for
0,1, 2, ... n = == = by Z transform method.
Hint: Substitute 1
n
u = == = in given equation, we get
2 1
5 6 1
n n n
y y y
+ + + + + + + +
+ = + = + = + = and do as
usual method.
5) Using Z transform solve ( ) 3 ( 1) 4 ( 2) 0, y n y n y n + = + = + = + = 2 n given that
(0) 3 y = == = and (1) 2. y = = = =

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