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SPEECHMADESIMPLE: LL
An English Learner's Source-book
for Persuasive Speech (BETA ver. |.0)
WORDS AND COMIC RE-MIX: Joshua Davies 2008
COMIC IMAGES: Doroth Gambrell (catandgirl.com)
OTHER IMAGES:
Stock Exchange Photography,
Flickr Creative Commons Photography.
For a complete list please see the appendix.
SPEECHMADESIMPLE is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 License
What's that mean?
This book is 100% FREE- print it, share it, download it, remix it- but
you cannot make any money off of it.
For my family & friends STOP. Right now.
This book is not magic.
tc is designed tobe
used with:
SoD Cae
Ry Tar Cc
CR me le
PEt rt
* Your teacher’s
PC Cas)
OU ww erm e le Ca (t oe
If you only read this book
and don’t practice, it is
about as useful as thinking
that reading a KungFu
manual is going to instantly
make youa K-! fighter.
It won’t happen. CLASS MENU
I. DON'T Run Away... 6
2. FINDING Your Voice...14
3. BODY Language... 26
4. VISUALS that Pop... 36
5. CAPTURE the Audience...46
6. LOGIC & Argument... 60
7. END with a Bang... 78 were bad speakers at first.
o
o
=
oS
o
a
&
2
oS
o
2
00
ov
s
5
t
TS r= SF
WHINE (oR? S ARE YOU AFRAID
OF PUBLIC.
SPEAKING*?
THERE ARE TWO
TYPES OF
SPEAKERS:
THOSE THAT ARE
NERVOLIS AND
THOSE THAT ARE
" \ LIARS.
Ey
;AID THE AUTHOR MARK TWAIN: SIMPLE QUESTION: Y
nen you Meee so8N, || SUNG ANE. gory | *voulso
° LEARNED SKILLS
MANY PEOPLE .
ees fe PERFORMANCE
ero ata FOCUS
Eee
YOL!NEEDED TO ail .
LEARN.SLOWLY eT COMMUNICATION
OC pe Mead MN ol oP
Mgaacsned AND JUST FOCUS ON \ (NOT. CARING ABOUT
Cetne nCr | FINISHING THEIR
ma Ne ‘SPEECH. THEIR GOAL
x = | /S.A CLEAN RACE
pf og ab Ny FROM A TO B.
LS
bf rN
THEY SEE TH ICE
ONLY AS CRUEL JUDGES LIKE A SPEECH ROBOT THEY KNOW-
WITHOLT THE
AUDIENCE THERE 1S
eT 50nd
sg
1/477
A COMMUNICATION
FOCUS SEES LISTENERS
AS PEOPLE LIKE THEM
YOU WANT PEOPLE TO:
LISTEN, UNDERSTAND,
HUN WHAT DOES
AND BELIEVE YOU
THAT MEAN:
YOLI HAVE AN OPINION:
CATS ARE
PETS THAI
eT NUR LU aig =id
YOUR EMOTIONS INTO
Le a ee
DIFFERENCE
an FN)
PERFORMANCE &
ee arelNy
=
=
Cal NO
aay
(ots eee
4&4 STAR
(aele TI CR
f f
THEY_SEE SPEECHES
AS THE TRANSFER
OF EMOTION.
YOUR GOAL IS
NOT FINISHING
WITH A PERFECT
PERFORMANCE,
YOUR GOAL IS TO
CONNECT YOUR
MESSAGE WITH
THE AUDIENCE.
BUT ONLY THE 4-STAR
CHEF CARES ABOUT
THE CUSTOMER. THE
CAFETERIA COOK JUST
WANTS TO FINISH. 2. REFLECT: REALLY
THINK ABOLIT THE HEART
OF YOUR MESSAGE
5. PRACTICE: IF YOU
ONLY WORK IN CLASS
THEN YOLI IMPROVE
SLOWLY
ate
peer (cl
3, ASSESS: LEARN 4. PARTICIPAT!
TO IMPROVE BY ACTIVELY HELP YOLIR
FINDING PROBLEMS GROUP & GIVE 100%
ig ele R el Mi le Ne
eT ako 0§ Bea ee a ae eee Rca Ze la
then to get your subject into yourself, and lastly, to get your subject into the heart
mace ego
1.1 WAYS OF SEEING
1. Performance Focus: 2. Communication Focus:
+ worried about failing. * focused on the key message
* only wants to finish + all energy in speaking
* focused on technical details. + loves the audience
* thinks the audience is judging. + happy to fail
* no heart in the speech. * doesn't worry about mistakes
You need to love failure.
If you start skiing today, can you compete in the Olympics tomorrow? NO.
Today you will fall, a lot. You will be sore.
But you will get back up, and go down the mountain again, and you will LOVE it. 12
1.2 SPEAKING EXPERIENCE
Interview Your Partner.
I. Can you name one great public
speaker?
2. What makes a great speaker?
3. Have you given a public speech?
a. If yes, when and where?
b. Did it go well?
4. Are you afraid of public speaking in
your language?
5. Are you afraid of public speaking in
English?
6. What is the scariest thing about public
speaking?
7. Do you need public speaking skills in
your life now? Why?
8. Will you need to use public speaking in
the future? When?
9. How will public speaking help your life?
10. Do you believe this class will help you
be a better speaker?
IAM SO
EXPERIENCED.
ed
etek) (cla
Bir Val
Pes eae
If you can
Tet TR Cory
then you can be
recon
1.3 SETTING GOALS
What are 3 goals you have for this class?
IL
2
3.
Please copy and sign:
1am planning on practicing __ hours
each week outside the class, and even
though I know | will be busy and want to
take a break | will never, ever stop. |
will never give up. | will become a
better speaker.
Your Name 1.4 WHAT IS A BASIC SPEECH OUTLINE?
EEGEEEES
Beginning- Get
attention, introduce
your topic, say your
thesis.
1.5 HOW TO GET AN A+
Tasty Speech Tips
1. Listen-
Do you ask questions when you don’t
understand?
Do you focus on the speaker or
daydream?
Do you look the speaker in the eye, smile,
and nod?
Do you summarize what the speaker has
said before responding?
2. Reflect
Do you really love your topic?
Can you summarize your whole idea in
‘one sentence?
Have you thought about how to connect
your topic to the audience?
DT eect
Ey een et seins
Mate Teun
End- Conclude your
speech with energy
and purpose.
3. Assess
Do you really care about improving your
and your partner's speeches?
Do you give specific suggestions?
Do you look for good and bad points?
Do you carefully check the speech rubric?
4. Participate
Do you actively use the online resources?
Do you try to be active even when tired?
Do you do all homework to the best of
your ability?
5. Practice
Do your practice speaking at home?
Do you listen to recordings of yourself?
"It takes one hour of preparation for each
minute of presentation time."
-- Wayne Burgraff
13 FINDING
Your Voice
Let thy speech be better than silence, or be silent.
-Dionysius Of Halicarnassus YOUR VOICE IS A
POWERFUL TOOL.
elt elle)
ee Ke) =
PASSION.
LEARNING TO
roi 0g
PARTS OF YOUR
Nene
YOUR VOICE CAN PUT
PEOPLE TO SLEEP 1. PACE: THE SPEED YOLI SPEAK
TALK LIKE A
TURTLE
COMBINED WITH
A RABBIT?
FEELS LIKE:
aXe
E »
BUT REALLY: Jaen a
2. PAUSE: Just sToP oe eRe La YOUR VOICE NEEDS
TO FILL THE Room
OR PEOPLE CANNOT
HEAR YOLI
a \
ota Wa \
WN
\ ow
YOUR EAR IS NEXT TO
YOUR MOUTH: YOU va
DON'T REALIZE HOW
QUIET YOLI REALLY ARE. POWER ISN'T YELLING Y i]
ADDING STRESS TO DIFFERENT
WORDS CHANGES MEANING:
YOU cAN PLNCH
ND/OR 1, DO YOU LOVE ME?
= DO YOU LOVE ME OR
LIKE ME?
2. DO YOU LOVE ME?
= DO YOU LOVE ME OR
SOMEONE ELSE?
WHEN WE GIVE MORE POWER TO EMPHASIZE
IMPORTANT WORDS IT IS CALLED STRESS. . PRONLINCIATION: HOW CLEARLY WE | EY @aeE Bal /S-i a7 yan
¥.
SAY EACH WORD SHE SELLS SEASHELLS BY THE
NO PITCH:
EMOTION,
[= NO
ROBOT VOICE.
ye)
ie le= ae
NOS Sa
ae ge)
ee
NOBODY
Pea See
PITCH IS THE
MUSICALITY OF
SPEECH. WE CAN
HEAR IF
SOMEONE /S
SAD OR HAPPY.
HOW CAN
elt,
IMPROVE
YOUR
CT ae
TRY P #6:
PRACTICE eT oLoe ofr eM (oh AL Lol ORS Lea Ue (UO RL oo)
farce mole
STE d
2.1 REVIEW: THE 5 P's
Pace- How fast you speak. Like music,
some parts we speak quickly, and some
slowly. We usually slow down for
important points.
Pausing- When we stop speaking. We
use pauses to give the audience time to
think, and to create a dramatic effect.
Power- The energy and emphasis in our
speech.We give more emphasis to
important points.
Pitch- The musicality of our voice. The
pitch reveals our emotions.We can say a
word with a sad pitch or a happy pitch.
Pronunciation- How clearly we say
each word.We pronounce important
words clearly, and other words we clip
and smoosh together.
yo
2.2 TONGUE TWISTERS
Take turns with your partner.
1. Freshly fried flying fish.
2. Which wristwatches are Swiss
wristwatches?
3. A skunk sat on a stump and thunk the
stump stunk, but the stump thunk the
skunk stunk.
4. How much wood would a woodchuck
chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?
A woodchuck would chuck all the wood if
a woodchuck could chuck wood.
5. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled
peppers. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of
pickled peppers? If Peter Piper Picked a
peck of pickled peppers, where's the peck
of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?
19 20
2.3 ASSESS THE SPEECH
Each member of the group has a role.
1, Pace/Pause/Pronunciation:
-Is the speaker too fast? Too slow? OK?
-Does the speaker pause between
sentences? Please count the number of
pauses. How many?
~Can you understand what the speaker is
saying?
2. Power and Pitch:
-Can you hear the speaker?
-Does his/her voice have energy?
-Does he/she emphasize important words?
Name 3.
-Does his/her voice have lots of emotion?
-What emotion can you feel in his/her
voice?
3. The AH Counter/Timer:
Your job is very different,
but also SUPER
important.
You will count
all unnecessary
sounds- such as:
ah, um, so
AND you
will time
the speech.
EXAMPLE SPEECH
How do you feel when a man walks
in front of you smoking? One day, |
was walking on the street
daydreaming, when suddenly a cloud
of smoke appeared in front of me.
The man making it walked so quickly
that | couldn't pass him.| smelled his
bad stink for several minutes without
a break.
2.4 TODAY’S TIP: Notes
It is better to use as few notes as you
can (none is best). If you must use
lela Re ele ec ee Le)
remember: Look, Up, Pause,
RY Tora
Look: at your notes- remind yourself
Sect a ik Cue ac ks
use the exact words you wrote.
een tan eC teat nee aa
audience.
Pause: stop a moment before you
Pe aa aa con rll sald
Et
Speak: of course, speak. 2.5 EMPHASIS-
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What does stress-timed mean?
Many languages are syllabic languages.
This means that the number of syllables
decides how long it takes to speak the
sentence. How many syllables were in the
sentences before?
* Sentence | = 14 syllables.
+ Sentence 2 = 22 syllables.
In a syllabic language of course sentence 2
would take longer to say. However in a
stress-time language it is not the number
Grammatical Stress: of syllables that decides the time. It is the
Say these sentences and count how many number of content words. Grammatical
seconds they take: stress goes on content words
When do we emphasize/stress a word?
Senne oan cei
Grammatical and Emotional.
Ee
same for every sentence and the
rules for it (almost) never change.
PPS EL Oe!
Tues (Ce Roa MUU s
we want to give.
* The scary school sat ominously on the
horizon. What are content words?
* She can go on Tuesdays as longas she —* Regular nouns- Richard, tree, Seattle
doesn't have to do any chores in the + Main Verbs- run, write, sleep, eat.
evening, * Adjectives- beautiful, ugly, smelly.
+ Adverbs- quickly, slowly, cautiously.
How long did they take to say?
If you say them in a boring textbook
voice (without lots of emotion), then they
should both take about 5 seconds.
TOO
COMPLICATED,
What?! But the first sentence is shorter!
What is happening?
They take the same time because English
is a stress-timed language. CONTINUED...
Other words are called function words.
They do not receive grammatical stress.
However, sometimes function words do
have emotional stress.
Example Function words:
+ Determiners- the, a, some, a few
+ Helping verbs- don't, am, can, were
+ Prepositions- before, next to
+ Conjunctions (transitions)- but,
while, as
* Pronouns- they, she, us
Look at the sentences again:
+The scary school sat ominously on the
horizon.
* She can go on Tuesdays as long as she
doesn't have to do any homework in the
evening.
How many content words do they have?
They both have 5 content words, so they
both take the same amount of time if,
none of the words have emotional stress.
Emotional Stress:
What is emotional stress?
Emotional Stress is the emphasis we put on
words that are really important to our
sentence.
How is that different than grammatical stress?
There are 3 differences.
1. Emotional stress can appear on
content or function words. In fact,
function words such as negatives, transitions,
and pronouns often have emotional stress. The
words that use emotional stress change
depending on what you want to mean.
For example, in the sentence:
“Do you love me?”
-the emphasis is on love because the
meaning is- do you love me or like me. In this
sentence love is a content word and also takes
emotional stress.
However, in the sentence:
“Do you love me?”
-the emphasis is on me because the
meaning is- do you love me or somebody else.
In this sentence me is a function word and
also takes emotional stress.
Cael a] i] eran CONTINUED.
2. Emotional stress has more
variety than content stress. Every
content word is clearly pronounced
(function words are not), but only
emotional words get strong s-t-r-e-t-c-h-i-
n-g, stress, or pitch (emotional) changes.
You wouldn't use a specifically sad or happy
voice to say a word that is just a content
word.
3. Emotional stress is stronger
than grammatical stress. Imagine an
energy gauge that goes from 0 (no energy,
silent) all the way up to 10 (super over-the-
top exploding energy).
* Function words use almost no energy
(unless emotionally stressed): just above 0-
all the way up to 3
+ Content words a little more: from 3-5
+ Emotional words use the whole top half of
the scale: from 5 all the way to 10.
CAREFUL:
Only emotionally stress the most
important words. If you emotionally stress
every other word you'll sound like a really
bad actor.
IAM AN
ACTOR!
=a
What happens in-between emphasized
words?
Between power words the energy
gauge quickly loses pressure and the voice
slides down a staircase, with the power
getting softer and softer until the next
emphasized word.Words on the way
down the staircase (function words) are
smooshed together and not carefully
pronounced.
SMOOSHED?! Like this:
Did you: becomes: Didja 2Y
CONTINUED (last time finally)...
In summary:
|. Give your key emotional words lots of energy- stress, stretch, and put all your
emotion into saying them.
2. Carefully pronounce all emotional and content words.
3. In-between emphasized words let your voice slide down the energy staircase
until you jump up to the next emphasized word.
4. Don't worry about really pronouncing plain function words- you can slide over
them and smoosh them together.
Let’s see an example:
Function words are italic. Content words are bold. Emotional words are
CAPITALIZED. So, if a word is bold and CAPITALIZED like this: RICHARD
then it is an emotional content word. Got it?
Here are the sentences:
"Did you hear what Richard said? He said that he's getting married!"
Now we'll map them and place them on the energy stair-step-
cre
hear
batty Richard
what
Low
MARRIED!
batty
that getting
ed
Pe Lee) S The most precious things in speech are the pauses.
2.5 ART OF PAUSING
Where do we pause in a speech?
We always pause:
* for 2 beats at a period,
* for | beat at a comma.
We often pause:
+ after/before using transition words,
* before key emotional stress words,
+ before saying a quote,
* between dependent and independent
sentence clauses.
We do not:
+ pause after every content word,
* breathe on every pause.
* say um or ah when pausing
Some people prefer to pause more than
others. Find what is comfortable for you.
2.6 SOUNDSCRIPTING
What is a soundscript?
A soundscript shows content and
emotional stress as well as all pauses.
Why is it helpful?
If you learn using a soundscript you
will sound more natural, because you will
pause and emphasize at the correct time.
If you don’t then you will sound more
like you are just reading.
BMC UM anleleeKe]
EXAMPLE SOUNDSCRIPT
Function: Regular font.
Content: Bold
Emotional: CAPITALIZED
Pause: at line breaks
Try saying it:
How do you FEEL
when a man walks
in front of YOU
SMOKING?
ONE day,
| was walking
on the street
daydreaming,
when SUDDENLY
a cloud of smoke
appeared
in front of ME.
LEARN THESE TECHNIQUES AND
o)0 as Xo)T eB) de ere BODY
Language
Body and English.
-Mae West HOW DO YOL
LI oA E
THEY FEEL?
Va
SPS
A fete Jaa
HER IF HE SAW HER
lea
WHY DO YOL! THINK 4
PEOPLE LSE EMOTICONS ¥ IF YOUR BODY
WHEN SENDING EMAILS? 7 DOESN'T CONNECT
| | WITH YOUR MESSAGE,
:-) =D -:-(
THEY WILL NOT CARE
WHAT YOL SAY.
IF YOUR FACE
WORDS ALONE CAN
ea A a 22d
p07)
IN CONVERSATION: | | DOESN'T MATCH THE
WE GATHER 17% OF
INFO WITH THE EARS.
69% with THe eves, ) (NOT BELIEVE YOU. THE 5 KEYS TO 1, FACIAL EXPRESSION: THE EMOTIONS OUR
BODY-LANGUAGE FACE SHOWS. THE ALIDIENCE FEELS THE FACE WE
WEAR. EVEN CHEESY MOVIES MAKE LIS CRY.
DO: SMILE. OFTEN. 2. MOVEMENT: HOW
YOLI OWN YOUR SPACE
3 (von) wi
a\ Noh
CY 5
72% THINK A SMILE =
MORE CONFIDENT 3. EVE CONTACT: DO: LOOK AT ALL 7s SPEAK
foe AT FANE LEE Te
AUDIENCE — SUDES OO AT THE
6) a ee
GESTURES: HOW DONT: FIDGET
WE MOVE OUR HANDS CURSED O
AND ARMS FIDGETING/ AY
eT Mae
bee Mo SR
RUBBING YOUR NOSE, ye
PLAYING WITH
BUTTONS, SHAKING > 2
ez
YOUR LEG.
FIDGET TOO MLICH AND
YOLI'LL CATCH ON FIRE
Se 7om.
BIGGER AND SLOWER. GIVE
THUMBS
UP HERE
WE ALL
NATURALLY
GESTURE
IN'T: TRY TO COPY
GESTURES FROM A
BOOK. IT LOOKS FAKE. OISE: HOW WE
STAND AND PRESENT
OURSELVES
.——
Ifo F ee ee ee
CMA aod
SHOULDER-WIDTH
oe
Ezz KEEP YOUR
Ezz BACK
ee
THIS HELPS OPEN YOUR
LLINGS AND VOICE
ye) ae
lt)
DO: PRACTICE. THERE elt I fe)
1S.NO QUICK MAGIC ee) =e Le Le)
ron
LANGUAGE
ae] 3.1 THE SCIENCE OF BODY LANGUAGE
Sees eae Gta Boras eeu a rec mT)
Ai Cn kr cua me MG anne mee
STK MLA cL TAR Loa CE Uae Lenco Caco Teele) a od Xe MU Kod ml kel
would seem, dissolve the barrier between self and others.”
AU Cu Le La)
What does this mean? People will mirror the feelings you show with your body
language. If you look sad they will feel sad. If you look bored....they will be bored.
3.2 LET’S REVIEW:
BODY LANGUAGE
Movement-
*When you are presenting, the room is
yours! Do not be afraid to proudly walk
around it.
*You can walk out into the audience to
ask questions, and change your location
to emphasize a main point.
* Don’t be afraid to act out parts of
your story if you need to- talk to
yourself, take on a character, show
action. Everything different you do helps
your audience remember.
* Please do not: hide behind the
podium, stay in one location only, or
pace.What’s pacing? It is where you walk
quickly back-and-forth, back-and-forth,
until your audience gets a headache.
Eye Contact-
* | know this is hard, but you need to
look at your audience. People believe you if
they see your eyes.
+ Look at one or two people at a time.
Keep your eyes on them while you say
cone idea or sentence, and then gently
move your eyes to a new person. Again,
do this slowly- not so fast your head falls
off.
* Look at them- don’t give a death
stare. You want them to believe you, not
fear you. CONTINUED...
Gestures-
+You already gesture in your life, so
don’t change what you naturally do and
try to copy gestures from a book.
* Just take your natural gestures and
make them bigger and a little slower
(because you want them to be easy to
see and understand).
* Show us your hands. Don’t hide them
in pockets or behind your back, and
don’t keep them busy fidgeting.
+ Match your gestures to the timing of
your main points. This helps emphasize
your ideas.
Poise-
* Stand up straight with your shoulders.
back so you can breathe easy and look
strong.
* Dress professionally- | know this may
sounds silly, but first impressions do
count.
* Don’t use a wall or the podium to
support yourself.
Facial Expressions-
*Your face and eyes are the keys to
showing your emotions. If your body has
lots of energy and your voice is perfect,
but your face is frozen, then the audience
loses confidence in you.
* Smile and the audience will feel your
confidence.
* Don’t be afraid to exaggerate your
facial expressions. Just like with gestures,
bigger is better.
“The language of the body is the key that can unlock the soul.”
-Konstantin Stanislavsky 3.3 BECOME A MATADOR
When you walk into the room imagine
you are a matador striding into a
bullfight. The way they walk, and carry
themselves- strong and confident- is how
you should walk when you give a speech.
Yes- | know, if you combine this with
our communication focus this means you
are going to try to make friends with the
bull. Sound strange? Exactly.
Don’t worry; we won't be practicing
our speeches before real bulls. We have a
much safer practice environment in our
classroom here. Maybe.
Complete the following sentences:
My name is.
My hobby is
and I am a matador.
3.4 SAMPLE DIALOGUE
What is this for? You'll see...
B: Doctor, before you performed the
autopsy, did you check for a pulse?
A: No.
B: Did you check for blood pressure?
A: No.
B: Did you check for breathing?
A: No.
B: So, then it is possible that the patient
was alive when you began the autopsy?
A: No.
B: How can you be so sure, Doctor?
A: Because his brain was sitting on my
desk in a jar.
B: But could the patient have still been
alive nevertheless?
A: Itis possible that he could have been
alive and practicing law somewhere.
A SAILOR IS
NOTA
MATADOR 3.5 A GLOBAL LANGUAGE?
What does this gesture mean?
can also mean money.
it means something BAD.
As cultures globalize, body language is
becoming more universal. However, the
meaning of body language around the
world can still vary a lot.You need to
check carefully if you are speaking in a
different culture.
PGS ae a
PT TT TC
+ How close should you stand to someone
Pena ea
Teen
USA: | meter
eee
SE ae eed
In Korea: Bow and/or shake hands
with two hands.
In the USA: shake hands
Teed oad
SO a Re ea
head?
Seer ano
In the USA: No
Not Everything is Different
Dr. Paul Eckman and his team found that
there are 6 universal facial expressions in
worldwide. Each place could identify the
expression as having the same meaning
in that culture. Some cultures may hide
their facial expressions more quickly, but
the expressions do exist everywhere.
The 6 basic types are: anger, fear,
sadness, happiness, disgust and
surprise. B35 “How many speeches have you heard? How many of
them can you remember? Words, words, words. In a
song, we remember firstly the melody and then we
learn the words. Instead of giving people the benefit
of your wit and wisdom (words), try painting them a
picture. The more strikingly visual your
presentation is, the more people will
remember it. And more importantly, they will
remember you.”
= — Paul Arden (Creative Director, Saatchi & Saatchi) TATE ed
8) = hae
iia at PSS eS ae
y Sif LANGUAGE
ENOUGH! @& AND VOICE
Z Rs
ENOUGH.
FOR EVERY 2
PEOPLE YOU
CONVINCE,
J WILL
PERSUADE B
AND WE ARE 47%
MORE LIKELY TO
BE PERSUADED
1 REFUSE!
POWERPOINT Is} | THE USE OF THE “450
TOO HIDEOUS! POWERPOINT MILLION PPT
PRESENTATION . USERS
HAS BEEN A
DISASTER. IT i -3O MILLION
SHOULD BE PPT’S A DAY
DITCHED.
DR. JOHN “MOST
|) ARE
SWELLER TERRIBLE BUT! IF YOU LOSE THE
GAME, DO YOLI BLAME THE
BALL?
JF YOUR FASHION IS A
IR Cy Aen ell
BLAME THE CLOTHES?
AAO
CAN KILL
JF YOUR PRESENTATION UNFORTUNATELY, MOST
VISUALS ARE UGLY... POWERPOINT PEOPLE HAVE NO TRAINING
Re
LET’S BLAME AT
POWERPOIN M vee 4s
PAINTING OR
cea
oe
WELL, OR
POORLY.
WHY SHOULD WE
(RN TO USE IT? YOUR SLIDES
‘SPEAK TO THE
RIGHT, YOUR
WORDS TO
THE LEFT. ANYONE CAN LEARN b
CY We MWe oy FIRST: WORDS w/e) a
GOOD POWERPOINT KEEP
IT
SHORT &
S/MPLE
KEEP
T
t
LARGE &
LEGIBLE
NO: ITALICS,
SHADOWS, NO LONG
UNDERLINING.
BOLD Ok.
TEXT? BUT
WE READ FASTER THAN WE
LSTEN. IF ALL YOUR WORDS
ARE ON THE SLIDES THEY
WON'T FOCLIS ON YOU.
NO: HARD REMEMBER WHAT
NO:
BULLET | FONT- USE | IDEAS. 1 TO READ :
POINTS | Gill Sans | IDEA EACH COLORS SETH GODIN SAYS:
"IF YOU REPEAT WHAT IS ON THE SCREEN YOLI DIVIDE THE
MESSAGE. IF YOLI ADD TO IT, YOU MLLTIPLY....MAKE
SLIDES THAT REINFORCE YOLIR WORDS, NOT REPEAT THEM.” ay eke) oa)
BUT | LOVE
MY KITTEN
CLIP ART.
Once UponA
Time
YOU CAN USE JUST
TEXT TO HIGHLIGHT
ONE KEY IDEA, QUOTE,
OR EXAMPLE FROM
YOUR SPEECH. KEEP
IT SHORT.
DATA CAN BE A
GRAPH, CHART OR
TIMELINE. KEEP IT
CLEAN AND SIMPLE.
YOUR DATA SHOULD
TELL A STORY.
ouR 3 GOALS SUORTE
ARE EASY... OVERLOAD
SLIDES
EMOTIONAL:
‘AIM FOR THE
RIGHT BRAIN
REALLY YOU
HAVE 3
CHOICES FOR
GOOD SLIDE
Pe cls
So care
you
A SINGLE IMAGE
(AS BIG AS
POSSIBLE), WITH OR
WITHOUT A FEW
WORDS THAT
CREATES EMOTION.
CONNECTED:
LINKED TO
YOUR STORY 4.1 AM | ANNOYING? 4.2 TODAY’S TIP: A Remote
What are the worst things we can do with JASE RGEC ROM eee eats
slides? Bee eee
eeu oteteaeierey
A survey was done which found the Drted ears Ts
most annoying things to be: ree eee eh
+The speaker read the slides to us pelieciee we eeremeb Cayo GEL
60.4% CeUC hme ni}
*Text so small | couldn't read it 50.9% Pain
+ Slides hard to see because of color
choice 37.1%
* Moving/flying text or graphics 24.5%
* Annoying use of sounds 22.0%
* Overly complex diagrams or charts
22.0%
4.3 THE PERFECT SLIDE
“The home run is easy to describe:You put up a slide. It triggers an emotional
rere MUR Ue eit TL) UTS ALUM LOAN LC UD Zo B ol RKO
that fits in with that image. Then, if you do it right, every time they think of what
MRSA CCR eR Cu hicR Ci Meee Ry)
Remember: A speech is a conversation between you and the audience. Your slides
should not be an annoying person who interrupts your dialogue. There is a VERY
cheesy cliché“a picture is worth a thousand words.” Make it true! Choose images that
emotionally show what you are saying and fit the flow of your conversation.
Sometimes we speak words, sometimes we speak pictures, but always we tell a story.
Take inspiration from the picture books of your childhood! Why is it so easy for a
children’s book author to understand how to communicate when a CEO can’t?
nf 4.4 REVIEW: THE RULES
Overall:
Fewer slides- it’s about you not the slides.
Keep it to 2 every minute max.
Text:
1. Size- 44+ (minimum
2. Style- Arial, Gills Sans
3. No underline, italics, or shadows.
4. Bold is OK
5. Color- Black on white, white on black
+ one optional highlight color
6. No word art or text animation.
7. Maximum 6-8 words per page. Less is
better.
8. If the words are hard to see- use a
background color behind the words.
9. No bullet points.
BULLETS ARE BAD
Images:
1. No transitions other than a simple
fade
2..No clip art
3. No Microsoft templates
4. No animation (again)
5. Make pictures as big as possible.
EE
—
6. No image on the screen is OK
7. Choose pictures to fit your emotional
ideas- not just because they are pretty.
8. Choose graphs which tell stories and
support your evidence.
uname C4
complicated. Creativity is making
Peace a aad
Bee Con LT
Remember:
KISS AND KILL 4.5 CHARTS & GRAPHS
When you show a chart or graph you
need to explain how it connects with
your story. What story is this slide trying
to say?
Problems: small font, bad template,
too many words and numbers. No easily
visible story beneath the information. If |
see this slide will | be more or less
confused? Slides don't cost any money-
don't be afraid to put info onto more
than one slide....or cut out anything not
key!
a CCT Ta
presentation because of the
graph on slide 32.”
-Robert Gentle
What about this one?
The title (spoken) was "My ten closest
friends." We can easily see the number of
male and female friends as it changes
year to year. The information is clear. The
speaker then can explain those changes,
what happened to cause them- and thus
connect the graph closely to the story.
HOW CAN I MAKE NICE CHARTS & FIND GOOD IMAGES?
Many people assume you need lots of time or money to get great visuals. This
isn't true! Take a look at this chapter's online resources and you'll discover many
CR Daca atomic aiet at oo
4.6 BEFORE & AFTER
Problems:
The graph is too small. Crowded images
are small and framed on the page. Too
much text. Bad template.
StumbleUpon Stats
of
Problems:
Bad template. Too much data on page.
Statistic would be better shown as a
graph to help visualize the story.
Solution:
Move graph to other page. Stretch
images to full screen. Simplify text.
less bounce
Solution:
Separate data sets (2 pages). Simplify text
and clean up the background. The graph
is more dramatic than just numbers.
rallagino™=
Success?
Pilot Faculty of Law, live December'2005
+ 1994 - 2005: 2200 pages produced
+ 2006: 7000 items produced
+ 2005: on average 4.000 visits a day
+ 2007: on average 10.000 visits a day
Daily Hits
10,000
2005
2007 4.7 ASSESSING AUDIENCE NEEDS
In the next chapter we will start learning how to write a better
speech, but before we do, let’s return to our communication focus.
One of the best ways to really focus on the audience is to do an
assessment after you've chosen your general topic, but before you
write your specific thesis and speech. Ask yourself AND survey your
audience.
1. Who is your audience? q
2. What do they already know about your topic?
3. Why will they like this topic?
4. How does your topic affect their lives?
5. Are you showing them something new about this topic?
6. How can they use your ideas in the future (how will your ideas better their lives)?
7. What are the biggest concerns the audience has about this topic?
8. What is the audience's opinion about this topic? If you don’t know: ask them!
9. Why should the audience listen to my ideas about the topic?
10. What can | tell the audience that will help them believe in me as an expert
speaker on this topic?
AFTER you've got answers to all these questions, then you can think of a thesis.
CoM TT eT rd
If you have a creative idea and you
Ye Rolie Taree loLel aN Ce ool
eM Uae te Me Cameo Rg
Pea aera unica ie
Reo) ae Calta UCR
Seen uae ceric CAPTURE
Your Audience
Stories constitute the single most powerful weapon in a
leader's arsenal. -Dr. Howard Gardner, Harvard University I HAVE AN
OPINION! I
HAVE AN
OPINION!
YOU NEED TO
WAKE THEM UP.
Woe.
PORN a I) Ld
CoN CTA OM Lue
NO CAPTURE = NO CARE RE Rl Tg
= NO ACTION = FAIL Cia ae a)
ve]
ie
ilo
CALLED THE f
Wir ele aay
WE NEED TO TALK TO
IFN oN Re THEIR HEADS (GET THEM
THEIR ATTENTION? THINKING) AGAIN: THE BRAIN
WHY HAS TWO SIDES
(THINKING)
+
(FEELING)
HOW CAN WE
MAKE A GOOD
HOOK?
TELL A
’ STORY
HAVING A GOOD HOOK
INTRODUCE YOUR
ee oe
Vel NC
POV EDRBe
2OO®
UN ae Xe) ee
ro NSBR eR aad
1k) eae
YOUR CHILDHOOD?
i)
WHAT ABOUT DATES
a Semen
HISTORY CLASS?
HA. NO.
THE BRAIN EASILY
LOVES AND LEARNS
STORIES, NOT FACTS
AND NUMBERS.
LEFT: LOVES
(Reo lela
RIGHT: LOVES
Perey
Bi
T WISH T HAD
"A PONY.
a
STORYTELLING? REALLY?
zl
Q ~
