This document provides the step-by-step solution to evaluating the integral of x3/(x2 - 1). It expresses the integrand as a sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function, then integrates. Specifically, it uses long division to write the integrand as x + x3/(x2 - 1). It then makes a u-substitution of u = x2 - 1, du = 2x dx to evaluate the integral as 1/2x2 + 1/2ln|x2 - 1| + c.
This document provides the step-by-step solution to evaluating the integral of x3/(x2 - 1). It expresses the integrand as a sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function, then integrates. Specifically, it uses long division to write the integrand as x + x3/(x2 - 1). It then makes a u-substitution of u = x2 - 1, du = 2x dx to evaluate the integral as 1/2x2 + 1/2ln|x2 - 1| + c.
This document provides the step-by-step solution to evaluating the integral of x3/(x2 - 1). It expresses the integrand as a sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function, then integrates. Specifically, it uses long division to write the integrand as x + x3/(x2 - 1). It then makes a u-substitution of u = x2 - 1, du = 2x dx to evaluate the integral as 1/2x2 + 1/2ln|x2 - 1| + c.
This document provides the step-by-step solution to evaluating the integral of x3/(x2 - 1). It expresses the integrand as a sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function, then integrates. Specifically, it uses long division to write the integrand as x + x3/(x2 - 1). It then makes a u-substitution of u = x2 - 1, du = 2x dx to evaluate the integral as 1/2x2 + 1/2ln|x2 - 1| + c.
Express the integrand as a sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function,
then integrate:
x3 dx. 2 x 1 Solution The numerator of the integrand has a higher degree than the denominator, so we must use long division to convert the integrand from an improper fraction to a mixed fraction. x
x2 1 x3 x3 + x x x3 x =x+ 2 . (Substituting 2 for x gives us 83 = 2+ 23 , 2 x 1 x 1 so this is probably correct.) The remainder of the calculation is fairly simple, involving one substitution of u = x2 1, du = 2x dx.
x3 x dx = x+ 2 dx 2 x 1 x 1 1 2 1 = x + ln |u| + c 2 2 1 2 1 = x + ln |x2 1| + c 2 2 We can now write
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18.01SC Single Variable Calculus
Fall 2010
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