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Social Groups

A social group is defined as two or more people who identify and interact with one another. The document discusses the essentials of a group including individuals communicating and having common interests or standards of behavior. It also discusses primary and secondary groups, formal and informal groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups.

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54 views9 pages

Social Groups

A social group is defined as two or more people who identify and interact with one another. The document discusses the essentials of a group including individuals communicating and having common interests or standards of behavior. It also discusses primary and secondary groups, formal and informal groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups.

Uploaded by

waleed khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOCIALGROUPS

A social group is defined as two


or more people who identify and
interact with one another.

4 Essentials of a Group
1. Two or more individuals
2. Communicate among them
3. Common interests (which most
sociologists differ)
4. Standards of behavior (patterns)

Primary and secondary


groups.
A primary group, according to Charles
Horton Cooley, is a small social group in
which relationships are both personal and
enduring.
People in primary groups share many
activities, spend a great deal of time
together, and feel they know one
another well.
Families are primary groups in that
they are the first groups we
experience in life and because they
are of central importance in the
socialization process.

Secondary groups are large and impersonal


social groups devoted to some specific interest
or activity.
They are, in most regards, the opposite of
primary groups.
They are commonly short-term.
They are goal oriented.
They are typically impersonal.

Primary groups dominate social life in preindustrial societies; secondary


groups are more common in modern industrial society. They are, in
most regards, the opposite of primary groups.

A Formal Group
A Formal Group is one that has
rules and regulations, scheduled
meeting times, official roles
assigned to members (such as
treasurer, coach, etc.), official
membership list, etc.
Examples: Cricket club; Muslim
League; Sociology class

Informal Group
An Informal Group lacks the
formality of the formal group.
There may be unwritten rules, etc.
Examples: a group of friends; a
family; commuter sharing a bus

An In-Group .The group with which the


individual identifies one self is ones in
group e.g
onesfamily,tribe,sex,college,occuption and
religion.The group with which a person has
awereness of likeness.It embodies we
feelings, elements of sympthy and a sense
of attachment to other members of the
group.
An Out-Group is one that someone
doesnt belong to and feels competition
and/or hatred towards. These two are
different for each individual.It is expressed
in contect between they and we e.g we
are muslims they are hindus,
Examples of the above: rival gangs,

rival teams or their fans; cliques at


school

Reference Group
This is not a particular type of group, but
rather a way of looking at the
relationship between the individual and
any group, primary or otherwise.
A reference group is one to which
the individual refers and with
which he identifies, either
consciously or unconsciously

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