This document defines various terms related to ceramics including: ceramic, which refers to a clay object made into a permanent shape by firing in a kiln; bisque fire, which is the first firing at a lower temperature to make pots less fragile; and glaze, which is a glass coating fused to clay during firing that prevents liquid penetration and decorates. It also defines processes like throwing, which is creating vessels on a potter's wheel; slip, which is diluted clay used for joining clay pieces; and firing, which is heating clay and glazes to maturity. The document provides definitions for over 50 terms in total related to working with clay and the ceramic creation process.
This document defines various terms related to ceramics including: ceramic, which refers to a clay object made into a permanent shape by firing in a kiln; bisque fire, which is the first firing at a lower temperature to make pots less fragile; and glaze, which is a glass coating fused to clay during firing that prevents liquid penetration and decorates. It also defines processes like throwing, which is creating vessels on a potter's wheel; slip, which is diluted clay used for joining clay pieces; and firing, which is heating clay and glazes to maturity. The document provides definitions for over 50 terms in total related to working with clay and the ceramic creation process.
This document defines various terms related to ceramics including: ceramic, which refers to a clay object made into a permanent shape by firing in a kiln; bisque fire, which is the first firing at a lower temperature to make pots less fragile; and glaze, which is a glass coating fused to clay during firing that prevents liquid penetration and decorates. It also defines processes like throwing, which is creating vessels on a potter's wheel; slip, which is diluted clay used for joining clay pieces; and firing, which is heating clay and glazes to maturity. The document provides definitions for over 50 terms in total related to working with clay and the ceramic creation process.
This document defines various terms related to ceramics including: ceramic, which refers to a clay object made into a permanent shape by firing in a kiln; bisque fire, which is the first firing at a lower temperature to make pots less fragile; and glaze, which is a glass coating fused to clay during firing that prevents liquid penetration and decorates. It also defines processes like throwing, which is creating vessels on a potter's wheel; slip, which is diluted clay used for joining clay pieces; and firing, which is heating clay and glazes to maturity. The document provides definitions for over 50 terms in total related to working with clay and the ceramic creation process.
ABSORBENCY- THE ABILITY OF A MATERIAL, CLAY, TO SOAK UP WATER.
BISQUE FIRE- FIRST FIRING AT LOWER TEMPERATURE TO MAKE POTS LESS FRAGILE GLAZING; UNGLAZED; FIRED POTTERY. CALIPER- A MEASURING TOOL FOR CHECKING SYMMETRY AND FITTING LIDS TO POTS. CERAMIC- A CLAY OBJECT MADE INTO A PERMANENT SHAPE BY FIRING IN A KILN. CRAZING- VERY FINE CRACKS WHICH APPEAR IN A GLAZE DUE TO IT NOT FITTING THE BODY. UNEQUAL SHRINKING OF GLAZE AND BODY. USUALLY CAUSED BY UNDERFIRED BISQUE. BONE DRY- UNFIRED CLAY THAT IS FREE OF WATER, ONLY CONTAINS THE AMOUNT OF MOISTURE IN ATMOSPHERE. CLAY- A MOIST EARTH OF DECOMPOSED ROCK; USED IN PRODUCTS SUCH AS POTTERY, BRICKS, TILES, AND SCULPTURE. CLAY BODY- A MIXTURE OF TWO OR MORE CLAYS TO OBTAIN A DESIRED COLOR, PLASTICITY, STRENGTH, OR FIRED DENSITY. COILING- A METHOD OF CREATING POTS BY BUILDING BOTTOM AND WALLS WITH EVEN, ROPELIKE COILS. DECORATING WHEEL- A WHEEL THAT WILL TURN TO ALLOW FOR EASE IN DECORATING POTS. FIRING- HEATING CERAMIC CLAYS AND GLAZES TO MATURITY. GLAZE- A COATING OF GLASS WHICH IS FUSED TO THE SURFACE OF A CLAY BODY DURING FIRING. IT SERVES TO PREVENT THE PENETRATION OF LIQUIDS, PRESENT A GOOD WEARING, EASILY CLEANED SURFACE, AND DECORATE. CAN BE SHINY OR MATTE. GREENWARE- UNFIRED, BUT DRIED CLAY PIECES. KILN- A SPECIAL FURNACE THAT REACHES HIGH TEMPERATURES USED FOR FIRING CLAY PRODUCTS; ELECTRIC, GAS, OR WOOD-FIRED. KILN FURNITURE- SHELVES AND POSTS USED IN THE KILN FIRING CHAMBER TO ENABLE LOADING PIECES ON MORE THAN ONE LEVEL. KILN SITTER- A MECHANICAL DEVICE THAT WILL SHUT THE KILN OFF WHEN A SMALL PYROMETRIC CONE MATURES. LEATHER HARD- THE DAMP BUT STIFFENED STAGE IN DRYING CLAY. HANDLES AND OTHER ADDITIONS APPLIED AT THIS POINT. LOOP TOOLS- TOOLS WITH RIBBONS OF WIRE FOR SHAPING AND TRIMMING CERAMIC OBJECTS. MAUTRING POINT- TIME AND TEMPERATURE NEEDED TO COMPLETELY FIRE A GLAZE OR CLAY OBJECT. NONFUNCTIONAL- CREATED MAINLY FOR DECORATION RATHER THAN PRACTICAL USE.
PLASTICITY- THE QUALITY OF CLAY WHICH ALLOWS IT TO BE MANIPULATED, SHAPED
MOLDED WITHOUT CRACKING OR CRUMBLING; WORKABILTY. PINCHED METHOD- A METHOD OF MAKING POTTERY IN WHICH A BALL OF CLAY IS PRESSED, PULLED, AND PINCHED INTO A SHAPE WITH THE HANDS. THE THUMB IS USUALLY USED TO OPEN THE CENTER. POTTERS RIB- SHAPED PIECES OF WOOD OR METAL FOR SHAPING, SMOOTHING WET CLAY WHILE HAND BUILDING OR THROWING. PYROMETRIC CONES- SMALL CERAMIC PYRAMIDS FORMULATED TO MELT AT SPECIFIC TEMPERATURES, USED TO MEASURE KILN HEAT. SCORING- MAKING MARKS ON THE EDGES TO TWO PIECES OF CLAY BEFORE JOINING WITH SLIP. SGRAFFITO- SCRATCHING DESIGNS ON POTTERY. SLAB METHOD- A METHOD OF MAKING POTTERY IN WHICH A THICK, FLAT PLATE, OR SLICE, OF CLAY IS CUT INTO SHAPES WHICH ARE JOINED TO FORM AN OBJECT. THE JOINED EDGES ARE SCORED AND SLIP IS USED. SLIP- CLAY DILUTED WITH WATER TO THE CONSISTENCY OF CREAM, USED FOR JOINING PIECES OF CLAY. THROWING- CREATING VESSELS ON A POTTERS WHEEL. THERMAL SHOCK- BREAKAGE OF A CERAMIC PIECE CAUSED BY SUDDEN TEMPERATURE CHANGES. UNDERGLAZE- COLORS THAT CAN BE PAINTED ON GREENWARE OR BISQUE THAT WILL SHOW THROUGH A CLEAR OVERGLAZE. VISCOSITY- THE RELATIVE RUNNINESS OF A GLAZE. VITRIFY- TO HARDEN; TURN TO STONE. A GLASSY, NON-POROUS STATE CAUSED BY HEAT OR FUSION. WEDGING- TO FORCE AIR BUBBLES OUT AND ALIGN CLAY PARTICLES TO FORM A GOOD WORKING TEXTURE (WET CLAY). KNEADING MOIST CLAY. WHEEL- FOR MAKING POTS; DRIVNE BY HAND, FOOT, OR ELECTRIC POWER.
