[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
72 views5 pages

1 Lecture 5 - Examples of Integration by Parts and Substitution

This document provides examples of integration techniques including substitution and integration by parts. It shows: 1) Substitution is generally easier than integration by parts and should be tried first. Integration by parts is used if substitution does not work. 2) Example problems are worked out step-by-step demonstrating both substitution and integration by parts to evaluate integrals involving products, logarithms, and exponential functions. 3) Multiple steps of integration by parts may be required if the integral is still difficult after the initial use of the technique, as shown in one example requiring two integrations by parts.

Uploaded by

Tirupal Puli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
72 views5 pages

1 Lecture 5 - Examples of Integration by Parts and Substitution

This document provides examples of integration techniques including substitution and integration by parts. It shows: 1) Substitution is generally easier than integration by parts and should be tried first. Integration by parts is used if substitution does not work. 2) Example problems are worked out step-by-step demonstrating both substitution and integration by parts to evaluate integrals involving products, logarithms, and exponential functions. 3) Multiple steps of integration by parts may be required if the integral is still difficult after the initial use of the technique, as shown in one example requiring two integrations by parts.

Uploaded by

Tirupal Puli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

1

Lecture 5 - Examples of Integration by parts


and substitution

Many techniques for integration exist, some harder than others.


When figuring out which techniques to use against a particular problem, you
usually try the simplest technique first, and try harder and harder techniques
if they seem necessary.
For example, substitution is easier that integration by parts, so you should
usually try substitution first. If substitution doesnt work, consider using
integration by parts.
R
Example 1 Find v 1 + v 2 dv.

Solution
There is a product inside the integral, so integration-by-parts is tempting.
However, you should try a substitution first, just because it is easier:
Use u = 1 + v 2 , du = 2vdv to get
Z
Z
1
2
v 1 + v 2 2 dv
v 1 + v dv =
Z
1
1
=
u 2 du
2
1
1 1
=
1 u 2 + C
2 2
 1
= 1 + v2 2 + C
Example 2 Find

y 5 ln(y) dy.

Solution
Substitution will not work. For integration by parts, let u be something that
gets simpler when you differentiation it. Thus we choose
u = ln(y)
dv = y 5 dy
1

and we calculate
du = y 1 dy
1 6
v =
y
6
To get
Z

Z
u dv = u v

v du

Z
1 6
1
ln(y) y dy =
y ln(y)
y 6 y 1 dy
6
6
Z
1
1 6
y ln(y)
y 5 dy
=
6
6
1 6
1 6
=
y ln(y)
y + C.
6
36
5

Example 3 Find

x2 ex dx.

Solution
This is another integration by parts problem. The function ex does not get
simpler when you differentiate, however, the function x2 does, so we should let
u = x2
dv = ex dx
and compute
du = 2x dx
v = ex .
Thus
Z

Z
u dv = u v

x2 ex dx = x2 ex

v du
Z
+ 2 x ex dx

Despite using integration by parts, we still have a difficult integral to evaluate.


We have to use integration by parts again: choose
u = x
dv = ex dx
and compute
du = dx
v = ex .
Thus
Z

2 x

x e

2 x

dx = x e

2 x

= x e

Z
+2

x ex dx



Z
x
x
+ 2 x e +
e dx

= x2 ex 2x ex 2ex + C

Example 4 Find

r2 1 + r3 dr.

Solution This is a substitution:


3
u
du Z= 3r2 dr
Z = 1+r
1
1
1
r2 1 + r3 2 dr =
u 2 du
3
1
1 1
= 1 u 2
3 2
 1
2
= 1 + r3 2 .
3

Example 4 Find

r5 1 + r3 dr.

Solution We use integration by parts: select


u = r3

dv = r2 1 + r3 .
and compute
du = 4r2
 1
2
v = 1 + r3 2 .
3
Thus
Z

Z
u dv = uv

Z
r

1+r

 21

v du

 1
2
2
dr = r3 1 + r3 2 +
3
3

r2 1 + r3

 21

dr.

The last integral on the right is still very difficult! But we can use the substitution
u = 1 + r3

du = 3r2 dr

to get
Z
r

1+r

 21


 Z
 1
2 3
2 1
12
3 2
u du
dr = r 1 + r
+
3
3 3
 1
2
4 3
= r3 1 + r3 2 +
u 2
3
27
 3
 1
4
2
= r3 1 + r3 2 +
1 + r3 2 + C
3
27

You might also like