This document discusses the states of matter and the factors that determine a substance's state. It explains that matter can exist in solid, liquid, gas, or plasma states. The state depends on the energy and arrangement of particles - solids have tightly packed particles with little energy, liquids have loosely packed particles with medium energy, gases have freely moving particles with lots of energy, and plasma has electrically charged particles with extremely high energy. A substance's state can change when energy is added or removed, such as melting from solid to liquid or evaporating from liquid to gas. Some solids dissolve in water to form solutions while others do not.
This document discusses the states of matter and the factors that determine a substance's state. It explains that matter can exist in solid, liquid, gas, or plasma states. The state depends on the energy and arrangement of particles - solids have tightly packed particles with little energy, liquids have loosely packed particles with medium energy, gases have freely moving particles with lots of energy, and plasma has electrically charged particles with extremely high energy. A substance's state can change when energy is added or removed, such as melting from solid to liquid or evaporating from liquid to gas. Some solids dissolve in water to form solutions while others do not.
This document discusses the states of matter and the factors that determine a substance's state. It explains that matter can exist in solid, liquid, gas, or plasma states. The state depends on the energy and arrangement of particles - solids have tightly packed particles with little energy, liquids have loosely packed particles with medium energy, gases have freely moving particles with lots of energy, and plasma has electrically charged particles with extremely high energy. A substance's state can change when energy is added or removed, such as melting from solid to liquid or evaporating from liquid to gas. Some solids dissolve in water to form solutions while others do not.
This document discusses the states of matter and the factors that determine a substance's state. It explains that matter can exist in solid, liquid, gas, or plasma states. The state depends on the energy and arrangement of particles - solids have tightly packed particles with little energy, liquids have loosely packed particles with medium energy, gases have freely moving particles with lots of energy, and plasma has electrically charged particles with extremely high energy. A substance's state can change when energy is added or removed, such as melting from solid to liquid or evaporating from liquid to gas. Some solids dissolve in water to form solutions while others do not.
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Matter:
Matter is anything that :
Has a mass & takes up space
What are the states of matter
?
Solids
Gases Liquid s
Plasma
Solids
Solids have a definite
shape & volume. Their molecules are tightly packed together. Solids have weight. Solids take up space. Read more!
Liquids
Liquids take the shape
of their container. They have a definite volume. Their molecules are loosely packed. Liquids have weight. Liquids take up space. Read more!
Gases Gases neither have a definite shape nor a definite volume. They spread out to fill the entire space given. Their molecules are freely moving Gasses have weight. Gasses take up space. Read more!
Plasma
Lightning is a plasma. Used in fluorescent light bulbs and Neon lights. Plasma is a lot like a gas, but the particles are electrically charged. Read more!
what does matter need to move
from one state to another?!
Energy determines the
state!
Particles in Solids:
Are packed tightly
together
Have very little
energy
Particles in Liquids:
Are loosely packed
Have medium energy levels
Particles in Gasses:
Move freely
Have LOTS of energy
Particles in Plasma:
Are electrically charged
Have EXTREMELY high energy levels
Solids
liquids
Gases
1-The particles are
tightly packed together
The particles are
loosely packed
the particles are
freely moving
2-Have a little energy
Have more energy
Have a lot of energy
3-Have a definite shape
Take the shape of the Take the shape of
container the container & fill the entire space given
4-By adding energy:
they change to liquids
By adding energy: they
change to gases
5-Has a weight & takes
up space
Has a weight & takes up Has a weight & takes
space up space
By adding energy: they change to plasma
plasma
Are like gases but the particles are
electrically charged.
Have extremely high energy levels.
Example: Neon lights, candle flames.
Add or remove Energy. . .
When energy is added ( by heating), particles move faster!
When energy is taken away ( by cooling),
particles move slower!
What will happen? Why?
Solid + Energy = ?
When energy is added
to solids, they become liquids. This process is called MELTING
Examples:
Melting of ice to water
when heated. Melting of chocolate bars to liquid chocolate.
Liquid + Energy = ?
When energy is added to liquids, they change into gasses. This process is called evaporation Examples: The water vapor that comes out of the boiler. The vapor in the bathroom when youre taking shower.
Solution, solute & solvent
Some solids like sugar & salt dissolve in water
forming a solution.
We call these solidswater soluble solids.
A solution : is when a solid completely mixes with
water that u cant see it anymore but its still there.
Remember: sea water is salty because it has dissolved
salt, although u cant see it but u can sure taste it
Solution: when a solid completely mixes
with water that you cant see it anymore but the solid is still there.
The Solute : the dissolved solid,ex.
sugar or salt
The Solvent : the water.
Are all solids water soluble
!
Of course NOT.
Some solids like sand, iron & wood dont
dissolve in water.
We call these solids water insoluble
These solids have large particles thats why they
cant completely mix with water particles and disappear between them..
So we can say that solids are
either: Water soluble solids
water insoluble solids
Completely mix with water
forming a solution
Cant mix with water so they
Examples : salt sugar
Example: sand wood
cant form a solution
iron .
small particles that can dissolve in water They have
big particles so they cant dissolve in water. They have
