Oracle Applications 11i Concepts II

Brian Hitchcock OCP 11i DBA -- OCP 10g DBA Sun Microsystems
brian.hitchcock@sun.com brhora@aol.com

Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008

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Presentation is Available

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Contents
Oracle Applications Concepts I

What is Oracle Applications? 11i Architecture Oracle Application Tiers Login to Oracle Applications Online Oracle Application environments 11i Applications Filesystem Applications DBA utilities Database DBA vs 11i DBA Backups Resources

Oracle Applications Concepts II

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Focus
Generic Oracle Applications concepts Not tied to specific installation(s) Provide background for how Apps works Help with support tasks in general Technical

how it works how to make it go

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11i Applications File System

$APPL_TOP

Top directory for all Oracle Application software Contains $PROD_TOP for each product Applications patches make changes in APPL_TOP Environment files NFS mounted filesystem Shared by two or more application tier servers Apply patches once for all application tiers Single point of failure
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Environment variables setup at login

Can be shared (shared APPL_TOP)

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11i Applications File System

Home directory of applmgr UNIX user

APPL_TOP
Contains product directories

ORA_TOP
8.0.6 Forms - ORACLE_HOME for forms server iAS Web Server (Apache) - ORACLE_HOME for web server

COMMON_TOP
Directories/files used across products

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11i Database File System

Database has

ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_HOME for database Database software

/oradata01-05
Database tablespace datafiles

Three ORACLE_HOMES

When applying applications patches

Patch applied in 8.0.6 ORACLE_HOME

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Environment Files
Many pieces of software All need to be configured Many environment variables to be setup How is this done?

Overall configuration file <context>.xml Context is <SID>_<hostname> Stored in $APPL_TOP/admin Multiple environment files sourced at login Stored in $APPL_TOP APPSORA.env calls other environment files

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OS Users
Can install with single OS user We use two

UNIX user oracle UNIX user applmgr Refers to the application code owner Will be different for other installations

Note that applmgr is used in Oracle docs

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11i AutoConfig
Many configuration files

Changes required manually editing multiple files

Tedious, error prone Autoconfig utility

Automates most configuration tasks Make changes to context file Execute autoconfig Changes propagated to configuration files May overwrite non-standard modifications

Doesnt handle customizations

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11i Cloning
Create exact copy of applications environment

Database Application software

More involved than just a copy of database Multiple steps

Somewhat automated Rapid clone utility

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11i Patching
Never ending process Applications patches applied with adpatch

Some database patches applied with opatch Must be in maintenance mode to apply patch (11.5.10) Patch cant be removed Only recourse is to recover from filesystem backups

Patches change product software Patches change database objects Applied patches recorded in database

Database must be running while patch applied Applications tier processes down while patching

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11i Applications Manager

GUI tool for managing environment What can it do?

Show patches applied Show impact of new patches Performance metrics Monitor security Configure environment
Edit context file, run autoconfig

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Database DBA vs 11i DBA

Users

Oracle Database Users Access database (SQL*Plus, etc) Have specific privileges on database objects Stored in DBA_USERS table Oracle Application Users Dont access the database directly Dont have privileges on database objects Have responsibilities in Oracle Applications Access db through APPS db user - Access limited by responsibilities Stored in FND_USER table

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Database DBA vs 11i DBA

Administrator

Database
SYS, SYSTEM, db user with DBA role

Oracle Applications
SYSADMIN User with System Administrator responsibility

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Database DBA vs 11i DBA

Privileges vs Responsibilities Database privileges

Granted on specific db objects Granted to specific db users or roles Assigned to Oracle Applications users Allow access to groups of db objects Access is through APPS db user

Oracle Applications responsibilities

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Database DBA vs 11i DBA

Users and responsibilities Oracle database users and privileges

Can be dropped (removed)

Oracle Applications users

Cant be removed, only end-dated

When created, user has start and end date

Oracle Applications user responsibility

Cant be removed, only end-dated

When assigned, responsibility has start/end dates

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Database DBA vs 11i DBA

Multiple ORACLE_HOMEs For database DBA

Single ORACLE_HOME Three ORACLE_HOMEs

Database 8.0.6 for Oracle Forms iAS Web Server (Apache)

For Oracle Applications

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Backups
How can this be complicated? Database backups well defined

Copy all database datafiles (*.dbf files) Copy init.ora, tnsnames.ora etc. Copy archived redo logs if needed (hot db backup) Database Application software tree

Oracle Applications environment backup

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Backups
Complete cold backup

Most conservative, most downtime Single tier

Shutdown application tier processes (servers) Shutdown database and database listener Copy all filesystems to tape

Multi-tier
Shutdown all tiers Backup all filesystems on all tiers to tape

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Backups
Hot backup version 1

No downtime, some risk Single tier

Application/db tier processes are running Hot db backup to disk Copy all filesystems to tape

Multi-tier
Hot db backup to disk Copy all filesystems to tape for all tiers

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Backups
Hot backup version 1 issues

Assumes application code tree is static Assumes configuration static Log files may be lost
Generated during tape backup

Database can be recovered to point of failure

Restore backup files, apply redo logs

Applications code tree recovered to latest tapes

No equivalent to database archived redo logs

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Backups
Hot backup version 2

No downtime, more risk Single tier

Application/db tier processes are running Hot db backup to disk Copy only db backup files to tape

Multi-tier
Hot db backup to disk Copy only db backup files to tape

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Backups
Hot backup version 2 issues

Same as for version 1 Over longer time Applications file system recovery
Back to most recent tape backup Out of synch with db backup

Is this acceptable recovery?

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Backups DR Systems
How to keep DR system in synch?

Database
Apply redo logs from primary Keep DR database up with primary db

Applications code tree

No equivalent to database redo logs Need to refresh DR code tree from primary - How to do this? - How often to do this? - How far behind db can code tree for DR?

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Resources
Oracle Documents

Oracle Technology Network -- otn.oracle.com Metalink -- metalink.oracle.com

Oracle Technical Support

Oracle online training

www.oracle.com/education/oln
education.oracle.com Oracle Applications Environments

Oracle University training

Solution Beacon

Books
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Oracle Documents

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Oracle Documents

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Oracle Documents

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Oracle Documents

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Oracle Documents

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Oracle Documents

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Documentation
Technical Overview

Oracle Applications Concepts

Release 11i (11.5.10.2) Part No. B19295-03

Available at
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B25516_18/cu rrent/acrobat/11iconcepts.pdf

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Oracle Technical Support

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Oracle Technical Support

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Oracle Technical Support

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Oracle Online Training

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Oracle Online Training

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Oracle Online Training

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Oracle Online Training

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Oracle Online Training

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Oracle University Training

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Oracle University Training

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Oracle University Training

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Oracle University Training

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Oracle 11i Books

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Oracle 11i Books

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