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Length, Perimeter and Area

Name _____________________________________

Series F Length, Perimeter and Area

Contents
Topic 1 Units of length (p. 1 - 8)
m, cm, mm____________________________________________ find and order length____________________________________ metres to kilometres____________________________________ ________________________________ spot the distance apply_ word problems solve__________________________________
Date completed

/ / / / /

/ / / / /

Topic 2 Travelling far (p. 9 - 16)

measure distances______________________________________ maps and scale_ _______________________________________ speed and distance_ ____________________________________ flag it! apply_ ________________________________________ the city to school create________________________________
/ / / / / / / / / /

Topic 3 Perimeter (p. 17 - 24)

perimeter of shapes____________________________________ calculate perimeter_____________________________________ construct shapes_______________________________________ ______________________________ perimeter problems solve_ more perimeter problems solve__________________________
/ / / / / / / / / /

Topic 4 Area (p. 25 - 32)

_______________________________________ introducing area_ area of triangles________________________________________ hectares and square kilometres_ __________________________
Series Authors: Rachel Flenley Nicola Herringer
Please note: / / / / / / / / / / / /

area and perimeter_____________________________________ area puzzles solve_____________________________________ composite calculations apply____________________________

These pages have been designed to print to shrink to printable area as this is a common default setting on many computers. There may be minor discrepancies with measurements as individual printers and photocopiers print to slightly different proportions.

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Units of length m, cm, mm

These units of measurement are used regularly in everyday life. 10 mm = 1 cm 100 cm = 1 m 1 000 m = 1 km

It makes sense to say 3 metres instead of 300 centimetres.

Complete the measure of each item below by adding either mm, cm or m next to the number: a b c

20

14

13

28

Estimate and then measure these lengths. Which unit will you use? Object a b c d e f g Height of a desk Shoulder to the fingertips Width of the door Hand span Pencil sharpener Width of a fingernail A4 paper length Estimate Measure

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Units of length m, cm, mm

To convert from cm to mm, multiply by 10.

This conversion box can help you convert units of length. 100 10 10

To convert from mm to cm, divide by 10.

100

cm
1 000 1 000

mm

Convert these lengths to millimetres:

0 cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

a 5 cm = d 7 cm =

mm mm

b 3 cm = e 11 cm =

mm mm

c 9 cm = f 15 cm =

mm mm

Convert these lengths to centimetres: a 50 mm = d 15 mm = cm cm b 20 mm = e 156 mm = cm cm c 223 mm = f 495 mm = cm cm

Convert these lengths to metres: a 300 cm = d 900 cm = m m b 500 cm = e 2 000 cm = m m c 250 cm = f 4 550 cm = m m

Convert these lengths to metres: a 1 000 mm = c 4 500 mm = m m b 5 000 mm = d 500 mm = m m

To convert from mm to m, divide by 1 000.

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Units of length find and order length

1 Look carefully at how each shape is divided and find the missing length: a 1m

30 cm

cm

3m

150 cm

cm

200 cm

60 cm

cm

100 cm

30 cm

20 cm

Convert all the lengths to the same unit.

Dont forget to check your answers match the units.

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Units of length find and order length

2 Here is a list of some objects and their heights. Put them in order from shortest to tallest: door flagpole fridge ladybird tree giraffe 1.95 m 16 m 145 cm 2 mm 11 m 457 cm 1 _______________________ 2 _______________________ 3 _______________________ 4 _______________________ 5 _______________________ 6 _______________________ Tallest Shortest

Mr Marlowes class went on an excursion to the circus. He asked his students to guess the height of a clown on stilts. Fill in the missing heights: Name Peter Sara Omar Julia Heba 4 m 9 cm 3 m 64 cm 397 cm 409 cm Height of the Clown on Stilts 3 m 30 cm 415 cm 3.3 m 4.15 m 3.64 m 3.97 m

It turned out that the clown was 3 m and 58 cm tall. a Who had the closest guess? b How far off was this person? c W  hat was the difference between the highest and the lowest guess? _ _______________ _ _______________

_ _______________

d Write your height and find the two people in your class who are closest to your height.

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Units of length metres to kilometres

Which units of measurement do we already know about?
1 km = 1 000 m 1 m = 0.001 km 100 m = 0.1 km
To convert from km to m, multiply by 1 000. To convert from m to km, divide by 1 000.

Would you use metres or kilometres to measure the following lengths? a Driveway c Height of your house e Distance from Earth to the Moon b Distance from Melbourne to Sydney d A marathon race f Distance around the school oval

Write these lengths in kilometres: a 2 000 m = d 1 500 m = km km b 5 000 m = e 3 645 m = km km c 8 000 m = f 1 747 m = km km

Write these lengths in metres: a 3 km = d 0.5 km = m m b 7 km = e 3.7 km = m m c 4 km = f 8.2 km = m m

Which is shorter? Circle the shorter distance: a d 2 km or 2 220 m 0.75 km or 0.79 km b e 0.58 km or 600 m 560 m or 0.565 km c f 3.2 km or 3 100 m 5.5 km or 5 600 m

Which is longer? Circle the longer distance: a d 300 km or 2 500 m 1.58 km or 1 600 m b e 0.85 km or 800 m 855 m or 0.875 km c f 1 900 m or 2.9 km 7.25 km or 7 200 m

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Units of length metres to kilometres

6 Mark these lengths in metres on the line below. The first one has been done for you. 100 metres 0 km 100 m 600 metres 400 metres 1 000 metres 200 metres 800 metres 1 km

Fill in the boxes to answer these word problems: a A  bdul walked 0.4 of a kilometre, Sara walked 20 metres and Kaitlyn walked half a kilometre. Write their names in the boxes below to show how far each of them walked.

0 km

1 km

1 b I n a 10 km fun run event, Omar stopped after 6 km, Peter stopped after 8 000 m and Heidi stopped 2 10 m before the end. Write their names in the boxes below to show how far each of them ran.

0 km

10 km

c L  eng walked 250 m to the bus stop, and then rode the bus for 3 km to the beach. When she arrived at the beach she went for a 4 km jog by the sea. How many metres did she travel altogether? km + km + km =

I have to convert here!

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Spot the distance

What to do This is an estimating game for two players. The first player chooses two spots. 

apply

The second player estimates the distance between the spots in mm. Measure from  each spots edge. The second player draws a line between the spots and then measures the distance  with their ruler. They score 100 points for the right answer, 40 points for an estimate within 10 mm, and 20 points for an estimate within 20 mm. The second player picks two spots for the first player.  The player with the most points after 10 rounds wins!  1 2 3

9 10 11 12

13

14

15

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Word problems
What to do

solve

a I f there are 60 brochures in a stack and each of them are 8 mm thick, how high is the stack?

b  A plank of wood is 5 m long. If 150 cm is sawn off, how much is left?

c  How many 20 mm pieces of gold wire can be cut from 1 m?

d If a fingernail grows 2 mm a week, how many cm would it grow in 1 year?

e O  ne day I bought 3 sherbet sticks. Their lengths were 0.75 m, 50 cm and 75 cm. What was the total length? If sherbet sticks cost $2 a metre, how much did I spend?

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Travelling far measure distances

1 Write these distances in decimal notation: a 2 km 123 m = c 2 km 245 m = e 8 km 145 m = g 835 m = km km km km b 4 km 235 m = d 5 km 235 m = f 8 km 23 m = h 593 m = km km km km

To convert from m to km, divide by 1 000.

Write these distances in metres: a 3.6 km = d 9.3 km = g 5.6 km = m m m b 2.8 km = e 8.2 km = h 0.2 km = m m m c 0.6 km = f 7.1 km = i 0.1 km = m m km

Look carefully at Mermaid Island and work out how long these walking trails are. Record all answers in kilometres.

1 245 m Reckless Rocks Laguna Beach 712 m

Melody Point

1 572 m 390 m 980 m

Shark Cliff

415 m Sunset Cove

Sandy Beach

a Sunset Cove to Sandy Beach b Melody Point to Shark Cliff c Reckless Rocks to Laguna Beach d Melody Point to Sandy Beach via Shark Cliff e Laguna Beach to Shark Cliff via Melody Point

km km km km km

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Travelling far measure distances

Road maps sometimes have the distance between towns written on the road that connects them. This information helps you plan your journey.
4 Here is a page from Hannahs journal where she has noted the places she went to during a road trip with her family. Add the distances that they travelled each day. Scarborough Hastings Mullaloo

96 km 142 km 285 km
Lexia

520 km

340 km 420 km
Doubleview Woodvale

Brighton

218 km
Embleton

336 km

Day 1  Today we left home at Doubleview and drove straight to Hastings. Day 2  We left Hastings after breakfast then we had lunch in Mullaloo. We stayed the night in Brighton. Day 3  We drove to Embleton to find out about getting a new puppy!

km

km km

Day 4  We had to leave early this morning as it turns out the puppy we want is in Lexia. Day 5  Our new puppy is a girl! We named her Lexie, after the town she came from. We decided to travel up to Scarborough to show Lexie to our cousins. Day 6  Today we drove all the way from Scarborough to Woodvale. Dad wanted to keep going till we got home but mum made him stop. Day 7  Today we drove the rest of the way home.

km

km

km

km

What is the total distance that Hannah and her family travelled? Show all of your working below.

km

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Travelling far maps and scale

Scale is used to show long distances on a map. This makes it easier for us to translate distance on a map to distance in the real world.

Use this map to answer the questions below. Look carefully at the scale. 1 cm
home school fire station park SCALE: 1 cm = 100 m shop farm

What is the shortest distance by road from: a home to school? b home to the park? c the fire station to the shop? d the school to the farm? e home to the shop? m m m m m

f D  raw your own route on the map. Which landmarks do you go past? _ _______________________________________________________ What is the total distance of your route?

Now, suppose the scale is 1 cm = 1 km. What is the shortest distance by road from: a the fire station to the park? b the park to home? c home to the shop? km km km

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Travelling far maps and scale

3 Use the scale of 1 cm = 2 m to draw these lines in the boxes: a b c 22 m 16 m 9m

Complete this table using a scale of 1 cm = 3 cm: Scale length in cm True length in cm 2 5 15 4 6 9 10 8 12 7

Complete this table using a scale of 1 cm = 6 m: Scale length in cm True length in m 5 10 15 7 12 9 11 2 8 6

Use this map* of a train route to answer the questions using this scale 4 cm = 10 km: Stop 2 4 cm Stop 3 8 cm Stop 5 a What is the distance from Stop 1 to Stop 2? b What is the distance from Stop 4 to Stop 5? c What is the distance from Stop 2 to Stop 5? d What is the total distance of this train route? 20 cm Stop 6 km km km km
*Not drawn to scale.

16 cm 4 cm

Stop 1

Stop 4

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Travelling far speed and distance

Speed can be measured in kilometres per hour. 60 km per hour means that it takes 1 hour to travel 60 km and is written as 60 km/h.

Look at these distances and the time it took. Work out the speeds. Express your answer as km/h: a 76 km in an hour = c 100 km in 2 hours = e 180 km in 3 hours = km/h km/h km/h b 82 km in an hour = d 130 km in 2 hours = f 240 km in 4 hours = km/h km/h km/h

If a car travelled 300 km in 6 hours, work out how far it travelled in 2 hours and in 3 hours: 2 hours 0 km 1 hr = __________ 3 hours 6 hours 300 km

If a car travelled 560 km in 8 hours, work out how far it travelled in half an hour and in 4 hours: half an hour 0 km 1 hr = __________ 4 hours 8 hours 560 km

If a car travelled 950 km in 10 hours, show how long it took to travel half way: hours 0 km km 950 km 10 hours

To work these out, you need to first calculate what can be covered in 1 hour and then multiply and divide as needed.

1 hr = __________ Length, Perimeter and Area

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Travelling far speed and distance

5 If a snail travels 6 mm in 10 minutes, how far will it travel in 1 hour?

If a car was travelling 60 km/h, how far would it have travelled after 10 minutes?

Harriet walks at a speed of about 4 km/h. How long would it take for her to walk 20 km?

If a truck was travelling 80 km/h, how long would it take for a truck to travel 560 km?

Rahed is training for a 40 km marathon. He runs at an average speed of 6 minutes a km. What time can he expect to finish the marathon in?

You need to convert the total minutes into hours.

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Flag it!
Getting ready

apply
On your marks, get set, go! You are about to participate in a race to collect as many flags as possible in less than 400 km.

What to do

1 Start at Point A.  ork out how you will get to Point B collecting as many flags as you can at 2 W various towns along the way. Use a calculator to help you add the distances. 3 You need to decide on your route. You may not exceed 400 km.

Olinda

90

Echoville

85 Simonstown 25 140 York 35 50 40

30 20

60 Stoling 20

Chelsea

40

Bontern

115

Milltown
Trenton

40

50

40

Rainbow Point

Flagstuff

What to do next

Use the space below to show your route and calculate the distance you cover between towns.

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The City to School

Getting ready Your group has been hired by your favourite charity to organise a 1 km fun run at your school. You will plan and measure out the course and then get another group to test out your run. The run needs to be exactly 1 kilometre in length. Youll need markers at each 100 m point.

create

School rules must be followed. You may need to place signs indicating speeds for inside journeys. The charity organisers will need detailed plans of your route and have asked your teacher to be their auditor. He or she may check on any or all of your calculations.

What to do

Work with your team to plan the route. Where do you predict 1 km will take you?  (You have to stay within the school grounds at all times.)

How will you measure the distances? What tools will you need?  If you add obstacles such as climbing over equipment, remember to factor in the  distances involved in going up and down!

Once you have your route planned, test it out. Is it possible? Do you need to  refine it?

How will you record the route for your charity? A map? A scaled drawing? This is  a big task in itself so you may want to divide up the roles within the group.

What to do next

Once you think you are ready, submit your plans to your teacher. Stage your event. Ask your teacher and the other groups for their feedback.

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Perimeter perimeter of shapes

Perimeter is the length around the outside of a shape. 2 cm 3 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm The perimeter of the square is 8 cm.

1

3 cm The perimeter of the rectangle is 10 cm.

Draw the following shapes and work out their perimeters: a A square with 3 cm sides. b  A rectangle with two 4 cm sides and

two 3 cm sides.

P =

cm

P =

cm

A rectangle that is twice as long as it is wide. c 

P =

These shapes are not to scale, so you cant use your ruler to work out the perimeter. Can you find the perimeter of these shapes? a
2 cm 7 cm 1 cm 5 cm

b
7 cm

c
1 cm

P =

cm

P =

cm

P =

cm

d
8 cm

e P =
6 cm

cm

9 cm

P =
9 cm

cm

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Perimeter perimeter of shapes

These regular polygons* have sides of equal lengths.

2 cm P = 16 cm

2 cm P = 10 cm

1 cm P = 6 cm

1 cm P = 4 cm

Find the perimeter of these regular polygons*: a b c

*Not drawn to scale.

5 cm P = cm P =

3 cm cm P =

4 cm cm

What is the fastest way to do this?

6 cm P = cm P =

4 cm cm

The perimeters of some regular polygons are given in the table below. Fill in the length of the sides:

Perimeter Length of each side

24 cm

40 cm

48 cm

25 cm

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Perimeter calculate perimeter

1 Find the perimeter of these shapes. Choose a unit of measurement to express your answer. a
40 cm These shapes are all symmetrical. How does that help me?

45 cm

P =

b
2m

20 cm

P =

c
1.5 m

d
20 cm 1.5 m 1.8 m

P =

P =
8m 7m 2m 3m

P = P =

h
2m 6m

9m

1m

3m

P = P =

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Perimeter calculate perimeter

Irregular shapes are not symmetrical. This means we need to measure each side.
1 cm 2 cm b 2 cm 1 cm 3 cm 4 cm 3 cm 2 cm 3 cm

Find the perimeters of these irregular shapes: 6 cm 3 cm 4 cm 2 cm

P =

cm

1 cm 1 cm 1 cm 2 cm c 1 cm 2 cm

3 cm

1 cm 1 cm 3 cm 3 cm

P =

cm

4 cm

P =

cm

5 cm 3 Which of these designs for backyard pools would be the least expensive to fence?

Pool A

Pool B
4m

4m 6m 3m 9m 6m

10 m 6m

3m 14 m

4m

Why?___________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

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Perimeter construct shapes

1 Use this 1 cm dot paper to draw some shapes with different perimeters. a Draw a rectangle with a perimeter of 12 cm. b Draw a rectangle with a perimeter of 20 cm.

c Draw a rectangle with a perimeter of 16 cm.

d Draw a rectangle with a perimeter of 10 cm.

Look carefully at this hexagonal grid. If the side of each hexagon is 2 m, what is the perimeter of the shaded area? P = Number of sides 2 P = 26 2 P = 52 m

2m

a S  hade the hexagons to construct a shape with a perimeter of 36 m.

b S  hade the hexagons to construct a shape with a perimeter of 60 m.

2m

2m

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Perimeter construct shapes

3 On the left is a staircase shape. Use the 1 cm dot paper to redraw the shape so that the perimeter is twice as big:

1 cm

Now draw another version with the perimeter three times as big:

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Perimeter problems
What to do

solve

a T  he length of a rectangle is double its width. Find the perimeter if the width is 200 cm.

b T  he length of a rectangle is 6 times its width. Find the length and width of the rectangle if the perimeter is 7 metres.

 harlie ran around the school 3 times. How far did she run? Write your answer c C in km.
100 m

280 m 200 m 40 m 300 m

 ake wants to build a fence around his swimming pool to comply with safety d J regulations. If the length of his pool area is 6 metres and the width is 4 metres, how much will it cost? Fencing costs $55.50 a metre.

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More perimeter problems

What to do

solve

a  The area of each square is 9 cm2. What is the perimeter of this figure?

 he figure is made up of 14 squares. Each square has an area of 36 cm2. b T What is the perimeter?

c T  he area of this rectangle is 288 cm2. If all the smaller rectangles are exactly the same, what is the perimeter of one rectangle?

12 cm

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Area introducing area

Area is the amount of space a shape covers. It is a 2D measurement. We measure area in square units. For small areas we use square centimetres. 1 cm 1 cm

Shade the grid to show a rectangle with the area of 6 cm.

What is the area of each shaded shape? Each square in the grid has an area of 1 cm. a b c

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2

What is the area of each rectangle? Each square in the grid has an area of 1 cm. Some of the squares have been marked in for you. a b c

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2

d Did you need to see all the squares to work out the area? __________ Length, Perimeter and Area
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Area introducing area

5 cm We can use this formula to find the area of rectangles: Area = length width Area = 3 5 = 15 cm2 5 cm
4 Find the areas of these shapes*: a 6 cm b 4 cm c 1 cm

3 cm

3 cm

4 cm

4 cm

4 cm

Area = 2 cm

cm2 e

Area =

cm2

Area = f

cm2

8m

2 cm

5 cm

4m

3 cm

Area =

cm2

Area =

m2

Area =

cm2

In each shape*, you are given the area but one side is not labelled. Label the missing side: a 4m b c 8m

7m

Area = 24 m2

Area = 20 m2 Area = 14 m2
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*Not drawn to scale.

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Area area of triangles

Each triangle is half of a rectangle. To find the area of a triangle, find the area of the rectangle and then divide by two.
1

4 cm 5 cm

Rectangle = 4 cm 5 cm = 20 cm Triangle = 20 cm 2 = 10 cm

Find the area of the shaded triangles inside the rectangles*: a 2 cm 4 cm d 8 cm Area = cm2 e 3 cm 8 cm 5 cm Area = cm2 Area = cm2 Area = 4 cm cm2 Area = b 5 cm 6 cm cm2 f 6 cm Area = c 2 cm 2 cm cm2

Find the area of the shaded triangles*: a 6 cm b 4 cm 7 cm cm2 e Area = cm2 f Area = 10 cm cm2 c 3 cm

3 cm d Area =

6 cm

8 cm

10 cm

7 cm Area = cm2 Area =

6 cm cm2 Area =

6 cm cm2
*Not drawn to scale.

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Area hectares and square kilometres

Hectares are used to measure large spaces such as a football field. We write hectares as ha. One hectare is equal to 10 000 m. An even larger unit is a square kilometre km. One square kilometre is equal to 100 hectares.
1

1 ha = 10 000 m

1 km = 1 000 000 m

Find the area of each large area*. Write your answer in hectares. a
300 m 100 m 250 m 120 m 100 m

120 m

Area =

hectares

Area =

hectares

Area =

hectares

d
200 m 300 m

e
100 m 450 m

f
150 m 400 m

Area =

hectares

Area =

hectares

Area =

hectares
*Not drawn to scale.

Order the states and territories from smallest to largest areas: States and Territories NORTHERN TERRITORY WESTERN AUSTRALIA QUEENSLAND SOUTH AUSTRALIA Queensland New South Wales Victoria ACT Western Australia South Australia Tasmania Northern Territory TASMANIA 1 _________________________ 4 _________________________ 7 _________________________ Area 1 727 200 km 801 600 km 227 600 km 2 400 km 2 525 500 km 984 000 km 67 800 km 1 346 200 km 1 km = 1 000 000 m 3 _________________________ 6 _________________________

NEW SOUTH WALES

2 _________________________ 5 _________________________ 8 _________________________ Length, Perimeter and Area

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Area area and perimeter

1 Find the perimeter and area of each shape: a b P = __________ A = __________ c P = __________ A = __________ P = __________ A = __________ d

P = __________ A = __________

1 cm 1 cm
2 Use the grid below to draw two shapes with a perimeter of 12 cm but with different areas:

1 cm 1 cm
3 Use the 1 cm grid below to draw three shapes with areas of 10 cm but with different perimeters. Record the perimeter of each shape:

a P =

cm

b P =

cm

c P =

cm

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Area area and perimeter

4 Draw 3 different rectangles that have a perimeter of 24 cm and record the area in the table. The first row in the table is a hint of where to start. Length 10 Width 2 Area

Draw as many different rectangles as you can with the area of 36 cm. Label the length of each side:

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Area puzzles
What to do Solve these area puzzles: 8 cm

solve

4 cm

a  How many 1 cm tiles do I need to cover this wall?

How many 4 cm tiles do I need to cover this same wall? 

b H  ow many 2 cm tiles do I need to cover a wall that is 6 cm by 6 cm?

c H  ow many 5 cm tiles do I need to cover a wall that is 15 cm by 5 cm?

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Composite calculations
What to do

apply

Can you find the areas of these rooms*? Circle the room that would be cheapest to carpet. Put a cross in the room that would be most expensive. 9 cm

1 cm

b 2 cm 4 cm 3 cm 2 cm 3 cm

c 3 cm 6 cm 9 cm

8 cm

6 cm d 8 cm 5 cm 3 cm 5 cm 2 cm 8 cm Area = cm2 e 12 cm 6 cm 9 cm Area = cm2 f

3 cm 6 cm Area = 3 cm cm2

15 cm

8 cm

7 cm 4 cm 11 cm

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2

Area =

cm2
*Not drawn to scale.

What to do next

Draw a composite shape that has an area of 50 cm.

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