APPENDIX A

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

The following abbreviations are used in the table below A B C D E F Fp G H J Name Acanthite Achroite Acmite Actinolite Adularia Aergite Agate Alabandite Alabaster Albite Alexandrite Allanite Allemontite Allophane Almandite Altaite Alunite Amazonstone Amblygonite Amethyst Amphibole group Bauxite component Clay or clay-like Diopside series Enstatite group Feldspar group Feldspathoid group Garnet group Hornblende Jamesonite Description or composition Ag2S Colorless tourmaline NaFe(SiO3)2 Ca2(MgFe)5(Si8O22)(OH)2 Clear orthoclase Acmite, aegrinine Banded chalcedony MnS Fine-grained gypsum Na(AlSi3O8) Chrysoberyl, gemstone (Ce,Ca,Y)(Al,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH) AsSb Al2O3SiO2nH2O Fe3Al2(SiO4)3, red PbTe KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 Green microcline (Li,Na)AlPO4(F,OH) Purple quartz M O Ov P R S Sc W Z Mica group Orthoclase Olivine group Pyroxene Rare earth group Spinel group Scapolite series Wolframite Zeolite group

Specific gravity 7.27.3 3.43.6 3.03.2

Mohr hardness 22.5 66.5 56

4.03.44

3.54.2 5.86.2 1.81.9 4.25 8.16 2.62.8 3.03.1

5.56 34 3 7 3 4 6

A.1

A.2

APPENDIX A

Name Amphibole Analcime Anastase Anauxite Andalusite Andesine Andradite Anglesite Anhydrite Ankerite Annabergite Anorthite Anorthoclase Antigorite Antimony Anterite Apatite Apophylite Aquamarine Aragonite Arfvedsonite Argentite Arsenic Arsenopyrite Asbestos Altacamite Augite Aurichalcite Autunite Awaruite Axinite Azurite Balas ruby Barite Barytes Bastnaesite Bauxite Beidellite Bentonite Beryl Biotite Bismite Bismuth Black Jack Blende Bloodstone Blue vitriol Boehmite Boracite

Description or composition A group of minerals Na(AlSi2O6)H2O TiO2 Silicon-rich kaolinite Al2SiO5 Ab70An30Ab50An50 Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3 PbSO4 CaSO4 Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2 (Ni,Co)3(AsO4)28H2O CaAl2Si2O8 (Na,K)AlSi3O8 Serpentine Sb Cu3SO4(OH)4 Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,OH,Cl) KCa4Si8O20(F,OH)8H2O Green-blue beryl, gemstone CaCO3 Na2-3(Fe,Mg,Al)5Si8O22(OH)2 Ag2S As FeAsS A group of minerals Cu2Cl(OH)3 (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)2(O)6 (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 Ca(UO2)2(PO4)210H2O FeNi2 (Ca,Mn,Fe)3Al2BSi4O15(OH) Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Red Spinel, gemstone BaSO4 Barite (Ce,La)(CO3)(F,OH) Aluminum hydroxide mixture Al8(Si4O10)3(OH)1212H2O Montmorillonite clay Be3Al2(Si6O18) K(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)Si3O10(OH)12 Bi2O3 Bi Sphalerite Sphalerite Heliotrope Chalcanthite AlO(OH) Mg3B7O13Cl

Specific gravity 2.27 3.9 3.13.2 2.69 3.75 6.26.4 2.83.0 2.93.0 3.0 2.76 2.58 6.7 3.9 3.13.2 2.32.4 2.95 3.45 7.3 5.7 5.96.2 3.73.8 3.23.4 3.23.7 3.13.2 7.78.1 3.23.4 3.77 4.5 4.95.2 2.6 2.72.8 2.83.2 8 9.8

Mohr hardness 55.5 5.56 7.5 6 7 3 33.5 3.5 33.5 6 6 3 3.54 5 4.55 3.54 6 22.5 3.5 5.56 33.5 56 2 22.5 5 6.57 3.54 33.5 44.5 1.5 7.58 2.53 4.5 22.5

3.03.1 2.93.0

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

A.3

Name Borax Bornite Boulangerite Boumonite Brannerite Braunite Bravoite Brochantite Bromyrite Bronzite Brookite Brucite Bytownite Caimgom Calamine Calaverite Calcite Calomel Cancrinite (Fp) Carnalite Carnolite Cassiterite Cats eye Celestite Celsian (F) Cerargyrite Cerussite Cervanite Chabazite (Z) Chalcanthite Chalcedony Chalcocite Chalcopyrite Chalcotrichite Chalk Chalybite Chert Chessylite Chiastolite Chloanthite Chlorite Chloritoid (M) Chondrodite Chromite Chrysoberyl Chrysocolla Chrysolite Chrysoprase Chrysolite

Description or composition Na2B4O710H2O Cu5FeS4 Pb5Sb4S11 PbCuSbS3 (U,Ca,Ce)(Ti,Fe)2O6 3Mn2O3MnSiO3 (Ni,Fe)S2 Cu4(OH)6SO4 Ag(Br,Cl)Br,Cl (Mg,Fe)SiO3 TiO2 Mg(OH)2 Ab30An70-Ab10An90 Quartz, black/smoky Hemimorphite AuTe2 CaCO3 Hg2Cl2 (Na2,Ca)4(AlSiO4)6CO3nH2O KMgCl36H2O K(UO2)2(VO4)23H2O SnO2 Chrysoberyl or quartz, gemstone SrSO4 BaAl2Si2O8 Ag(Cl,Br)Cl, Br PbCO3 Sb2O4 Ca(Al2Si4O12)6H2O CuSO45H2O Cryptocrystaline quartz Cu2S Cu2FeS2 Cuprite, fibrous Calcite, fine-grained Siderite SiO2, cryptocrystalline quartz Azurite Andalusite Skutterudite, nickel variety (MgFe2+,Fe3+)6AlSi3O10(OH)8 Fe2Al4Si2O10(OH)4 (Mg,Fe)3SiO4(OH,F)2 (Fe,Mg)O.(Fe,Al,Cr)2O3 BeAl2O4 Cu2H2(Si2O5)(OH)4 Olivine Chalcedony, green Serpentine asbestos

Specific gravity 1.7 5.05.1 66.3 5.85.9 4.55.4 4.8 4.66 3.9 66.5 3.13.3 3.94.1 2.39 2.74

Mohr hardness 22.5 3 2.53 2.53 4.5 66.5 5.56 3.54 2.5 5.5 5.56 2.5 6

9.35 2.73 7.2 2.45 1.6 4.1 6.87.1 3.94.0 3.37 5.56 6.55 4.05.0 2.02.2 2.12.3 2.62.7 5.55.8 4.14.3

2.5 3 1.5 56 1.0 soft 67 33.5 6 2.5 33.5 45 45 2.5 2.53 3.54

2.65

2.62.9 3.5 3.13.2 4.34.6 3.63.8 2.02.4

22.5 67 66.5 5.5 8.5 2 -4

A.4

APPENDIX A

Name Cinnabar Cinnamon stone Citrine Clay Cleavelandite Cliachite Clinochlore Clinoclase Clinoenstatite (E) Clinoferrosilite (P) Clinohumite Clinozoisite Cobalite Colemanite Collophane Columbite Copper Copper glance Copper pyrites Cordierite Corundum Covellite Cristobalite Crocidolite Crocoite Cryolite Cubanite Cummingtonite Cuprite Cyanite Cymophane Danaite Danburite Datolite Davidite Demantoid (G) Diallage Diamond Diaspore Diatomite Dichroite Dickite (C) Digenite Diopside (P) Dioptase Disthene Dolomite Dry bone ore Dumortierite

Description or composition HgS Grossularite garnet Quartz, pale yellow A family of minerals Albite, white Aluminum hydroxide in bauxite Chlorite Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 (Mg,Fe)SiO3 (Fe,Mg) SiO3 Mg9Si4O16(F,OH)2 Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH) CoAsS Ca2B6O115H2O Apatite (Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6-NbTa Cu Chalcocite Chalcopyrite (Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18 Al2O3 CuS SiO2, high-temperature quartz Na3Fe2+3Fe3+2(SiO23)(OH) PbCrO4 Na3AlF6 CuFe2S3 (Fe,Mg)7(Si8O22)(OH)2 Cu2O Kyanite Chrysoberyl (Fe,Co)As CaB2(SiO4)2 CaB(SiO4)(OH) Brannerite, Th variety Andradite garnet, green gemstone Diopside C AlO(OH) Diatoms, siliceous Cordierite Al2Si2O5(OH)4, kaolin Cu9S5 CaMg(SiO3)2 CuSiO2(OH)2 Kyanite CaMg(CO3)2 Smithsonite (Al,Fe)7O3(BO3)(SiO4)3

Specific gravity 8.10

Mohr hardness 2.5

4.38 3.19 3.6 3.13.2 3.23.4 6.33 2.42 5.26.7 8.9

2.53 6 6 6 66.5 5.5 44.5 6 2.53

2.62.7 4.0 4.64.7 2.3 3.23.3 5.96.1 2.93 4.04.2 3.13.6

77.5 9 1.52 7 4 2.53 2.5 3.5 6

5.96.2 2.93.0 2.83.0

5.56 7.0 5.05.5

3.5 3.33.4 0.40.6 2.6 5.6 3.23.3 3.3 2.85 3.23.4

10 6.57.0 2 2.02.5 2.53.0 5.06.0 5.0 3.54 7.0

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

A.5

Name Endenite (H) Electrum Eleolite Embolite Emerald Emery Enargite Endichite Enstatite (P) Epidote Epsomite Erythrite Essonite (G) Euclase Eucryptite Fahlore Fayalite (OV) Feather ore Feldspar (F) Feldspathoid Ferberite (W) Fergusonite (R) Ferrimolybdite Ferrosilite (P) Fibrolite Flint Flos ferri Fluorite Fools gold Formanite (R) Forsterite (Ov) Fowlerite Franklinite Freibergite Gadolinite (R) Gahnite (S) Galaxite (S) Galena Garnet (G) Gamierite Gaylussite Gedrite (A) Geocronite Gersdorffite Geyserite Gibbsite Glauberite Glaucodot Glauconite (M)

Description or composition Ca2NaMg5(AlSi7O22) Au, Ag, natural alloy Nepheline Ag(Cl,Br)Cl=Br Beryl, green gemstone Corundum with magnetite Cu3AsS4 Vanadite, arsenic variety MgSiO3 Ca2(Al,Fe)3Si3O12(OH) MgSO47H2O, Epsom salt Co3(AsO4)8H2O Grossularite BeAlSiO4(OH) (Y,Ce,Ca,U,Th)2(Ti,Nb,Ta,Fe)2O6 Tetrahedrite Fe2SiO4 Jamesonite A group of minerals A group of minerals FeWO4 (RE,Fe)(Nb,Ta,Ti) O4 Fe2(MoO4)38H2O FeSiO3 Sillimanite SiO2, cryptocrystalline quartz Aragonite, arborescent CaF2 Pyrite Fergusonite with TaNb Mg2SiO4 Rhodonite, zinc bearing (Fe2+,Zn,Mn2+) (Fe3+, Mn3+)2O4 Tetrahedrite, silver bearing Be2FeY2Si2O10 ZnAl2O4 MnAl2O4 PbS A group of minerals (Ni,Mg)3Si2O5(OH)4 Na2Ca(CO3)25H2O Anthophylite, Al variety Pb5(Sb,As)2S8 NiAsS Opal Al(OH)3 Na2Ca(SO4)2 Danaite (K,Na)(Al,Fe3+,Mg)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2

Specific gravity 3.0 13.517 5.6

Mohr hardness 6.0 3.0 1.01.5

4.44.5 3.23.5 3.33.5 1.75 2.95 3.1 5.05.9 4.14

3.0 5.5 67 2.02.5 1.52.5 7.5 5.55.6 6.5

7.5 4.25.8 3 3.6 2.65

5 5.56.5 1.5 6 7

3.2 5.15 4.04.5 4.55 4.03 7.47.6 3.54.3 2.22.8 1.99 6.66.5 5.9 2.32.4 2.72.8 2.3

6.5 6 6.57.0 7.58.0 7.58.0 2.5 6.57.5 2.03.0 2.03.0 2.5 5.5 2.53.5 2.53.0 2

A.6

APPENDIX A

Name Glaucophane (A) Gmelinite (Z) Goethite Gold Goslarite Graphite Greenockite Grossularite (G) Gummite Gypsum Halite Hallosite (C) Harmotome (Z) Hastingsite (H) Hausmannite Hauynite (Fp) Hectorite (C) Hedenbergite (P) Heliotrope Helvite Hematite Hemimorphite Hercynite (S) Hessite Heulandite Hiddenite Holmquisite (A) Homblende Hom silver Huebnerite (W) Humite Hyacinth Hyalite Hyalophane (O) Hydromica (M) Hydrozincite Hypersthene (P) Ice Iddingsite Idocrase Illite (C) Ilmenite Ilvaite Indicolite Iodobromite Iodyrite Iolite Iridium

Description or composition Na2(Mg,Fe )3Al2Si8O22(OH)2 (Na2Ca)Al2Si4O126H2O FeO(OH) Au ZnSO47H2O C CdS Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 UO3nH2O CaSO42H2O NaCl, common salt Al2Si2O5(OH)nH2O (Ba,K)(Al,Si)2Si6O166 H2O NaCa2(Fe,Mg)5Al2Si6O22(OH)2 Mn3O4 (Na,Ca)48Al6Si6O24(SO4S)1-2 (Mg,Li)6Si8O20(OH)4 CaFe(Si2O6) Chalcedony, green and red (Mn,Fe,Zn)4Be3(SiO4)3S Fe2O3 Zn4(Si2O7)(OH)2H2O FeAl2O4 Ag2Te (Na,Ca)46Al6(Al,Si)4Si26O7224H2O Spodumene, green Glaucophane, Li variety Ca2Na(MgFe2+)4(AlFe3+,Ti)Al Si8O22 (O,OH)2 Cerargyrite MnWO4 Mg7(SiO4)3(F,OH)2 Zircon Opal (K,Ba)Al(Al,Si)3O8 Illite Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 (MgFe)SiO3 H 2O H8Mg9Fe2Si3O14 Ca10(Mg,Fe)2Al4(SiO4)5(Si2O7)2(OH)4 Al,K,Ca,Mg FeTiO3 CaFe2+2Fe3+(SiO4)2(OH) Tourmaline Ag(Cl,Br,I) AgI Cordierite, gemstone Ir, platinoid
2+

Specific gravity 3.03.2 2.02.2 4.37 1519.3 1.98 2.3 4.9 3.53 3.96.4 2.32 2.16 2.02.2 2.45 3.2 4.8 2.42.5 2.5 3.6 3.23.4 5.3 3.43.5 4.4 8.4 2.2

Mohr hardness 6.06.5 4.5 5.05.5 2.53.0 2.02.5 1.02.0 3.03.5 6.5 2.55 2.0 2.5 1.02.0 4.5 6.0 5.5 5.56 1.01.5 5.06.0 6.06.5 5.56.5 4.55.0 7.58.0 2.53.0 3.54.0

3.2

5.6

7.0 3.13.2

5.0 6.0

2.8 3.63.8 3.43.5 0.95 3.53.8 3.33.4 4.7 4.0 5.7 5.7 22.7

6.0 2.02.5 5.06.0 1.5 3.0 6.5 5.56.0 5.56.0 1.01.5 1.01.5 6.07.0

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

A.7

Name Iridosmine Iron pyrite Jacinth Jacobsite (S) Jade Jadeite (P) Jamesonite Jarcon Jarosite Jasper Kainite Kalinite Kallophilite Kalsilite Kaolin Kaolinite Kemite Krennerite Kunzite Kyanite Labradorite (P) Langbeinite Lapis lazuli Larsenite (Ov) Laumontite (Z) Lawsonite Lazulite Lazurite Lechatelierite Lepidocrocite Lepidolite (M) Leucite Libethenite Limonite Linarite Linnaeite Lithium mica Lithiophilite Loellingite Magnesite Magnetite (S) Malachite Manganite Manganosite Marcasite Margarite (M) Marialite (Sc) Marmatite Martite

Description or composition Ir,Os, platinoid Pyrite Hyacinth, zircon (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4 Jadeite or nephrite Na(Al,Fe)Si2O6 Pb4FeSb6S14 Zircon KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 Quartz MgSO4KCl.3H2O Alum, potash K(AlSiO4) Nephelines Clay mineral Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 Na2B4O74H2O AuTe2 Spudomene, pink Al2SiO5 Ab50An50Ab30An70 K2Mg2(SO4)3 Impure lazurite PbZnSiO4 (Ca,Na)Al2Si4O124H2O CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2H2O (Mg,Fe3+)Al2PO4)2(OH)2 (Na,Ca)4(AlSiO4)3(SO4,S,Cl) SiO2, fused silica FeO(OH) K(LiAl)3(Si,Al)4O10(F,OH)2 Cu2(PO4)(OH) FeO(OH)nH2O PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 Co3S4 Lepidolite Li(Mn2+,Fe2+)PO4 FeAs2 MgCO3 (Fe,Mg)Fe2O4 Cu2CO3(OH)2 MnO(OH) MnO FeS2, white iron pyrite CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)12 3NaAlSi3O8NaCl Sphalerite, iron bearing Hematite after magnetite

Specific gravity 19.321.0

Mohr hardness 6.07.0

5.1 3.33.5 5.56.0 2.93.3 2.1 2.61

5.56.5 6.57.0 2.03.0 3.0 3.0 6.0

2.62.7 1.95 8.62 3.63.7 2.71 2.83 5.9 2.3 3.1 3.03.1 2.42.5 2.2 4.1 2.83.0 4.0 3.64.0 5.3 4.8 3.5 7.47.5 3.03.2 5.2 3.94.0 4.3 5.05.4 4.9 3.03.1 2.7 3.94.0

2.02.5 3.0 2.03.0 5.07.0 6.0 2.53.5 3.0 4.0 8.0 5.05.5 5.05.5 6.07.0 5.0 2.54.0 4.0 5.05.5 2.5 4.55.5 5.0 5.05.5 3.55.0 6.0 3.54.0 4.0 5.5 6.06.5 3.55.0 5.56.0

A.8

APPENDIX A

Name Meerschaum Meionite (Sc) Melaconite Melanite (G) Melanterite Melilite Menaccanite Menaghinite (J) Mercury Miargyrite Mica (M) Microcline (F) Microlite Microperthite (F) Milerite Mimetite Minium Mispickel Molybdenite Monazite Monticellite Montmorillonite (C) Moonstone (O) Morganite Mullite Muscovite (M) Nacrite (C) Nagyagite Natroalunite Natrolite Nepheline (Fp) Nephrite Niccolite Nickel bloom Nickel iron Ni skutterudite Nitre Nontronite (C) Norbergite Noselite (Fp) Octahedrite Oligoclase (P) Olivine (Ov) Onyx Opal Orpiment Orthite Orthoclase (F) Osmiridium

Description or composition Sepiolite 3CaAl2Si2O8CaCO3 Tenorite Andradite garnet (black) FeSO47H2O (Na,Ca)2(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O7 Limenite CuPb13Sb7S24 Hg AgSbS2 A group of minerals K(AlSi3O8), K feldspar (Na,Ca)2(Ta,Nb)2O6 Microcline and albite NiS Pb5Cl(AsO4)3 Pb3O4 Arsenopyrite MoS2 (Ce,La,Y,Th)(PO4,SiO4) CaMgSiO4, rare olivine (Al,Mg)8(Si4O10)3(OH)1010H2O Opalescent albite or orthoclase Beryl, rose color Al6Si2O13 KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Al2(Si2O5)(OH)2, kaolin group Pb5Au(Te,Sb)4S5-8 Alunite with NaK Na2(Al2Si3O10)2H2O (Na,K)AlSiO4 Tremolite, similar to jade NiAs Annabergite Ni,Fe, meteorite alloy (Ni,Co,Fe)As3 KNO3, saltpeter Fe(AlSi)8O20(OH)4 Mg3(SiO4)(F,OH)2 Na8Al6Si6O24(SO4) Anatase Ab90An10Ab70An30 (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 Chalcedony, layered structure SiO2nH2O As2S3 Allanite K(AlSi3O8), K feldspar Iridosmine

Specific gravity 2.7

Mohr hardness 5.05.6

1.9 2.93.1 6.36 13.6 5.25.3 2.52.6 6.33 5.3 -5.7 7.07.2 8.99.2 4.64.7 5.05.3 3.2 2.5

2.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 6.0 5.5 3.03.5 3.5 2.5 1.01.5 5.05.5 5.0 1.01.5

3.2 2.73.1 2.6 7.4 2.3 2.52.7 7.8 7.88.2 6.16.9 2.02.1 2.5 3.13.2 2.22.4 2.5 3.34.4 1.92.2 3.5 2.6

6.07.0 2.02.5 2.02.5 1.01.5 5.05.5 5.56.0 5.05.5 5.0 5.56.0 2.0 1.01.8 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.57.0 5.06.0 1.52.0 6.0

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

A.9

Name Ottrelite (M) Palladium Paragonite (M) Pargasite (H) Peacock ore Pearceite Pectolite Penninite Pentlandite Peridot (Ov) Perovskite Perthite (F) Petalite (Fp) Petzite Phenacite Phillipsite (Z) Phlogopite (M) Phosgenite Phosphuranylite Picotite (S) Piedmontite Pigeonite (P) Pinite (M) Pitchblende Plagioclase (P) Plagionite (J) Platinum Pleonaste (S) Plumbago Polianite Pollucite Polybasite Polycrase (R) Polyhalite Potash aluminum Potassium feld Potash mica (M) Powellite Prase Prehnite Prochlorite Proustite Psilomelane Pyrargyrite Pyrite Pyrochlore Pyrolusite Pyromorphite Pyrope (G)

Description or composition (Fe ,Mn)(Al,Fe )Si3O10H2O Pd NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)12 NaCa2Mg4Al3Si6O22(OH)2 Bomite (Ag,Cu)16As2S11 NaCa2Si3O8(OH) Chlorite (Fe,Ni)9S8 Olivine, gemstone CaTiO3 Mixture of microcline and albite Li(AlSi4O10) Ag3AuTe2 Be2SiO4 (K2,Na2,Ca)Al2Si4O12H2O K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH,F)2 Pb2Cl2CO3 Ca(UO2)4(PO4)2(OH)47H2O Spinel, chromium Epidote, Mn2+ (Ca,Mg,Fe)SiO3 Muscovite mica Uraninite A group of aluminum silicates Pb5Sb8S17 Platinum metal alloy Spinel, iron Graphite MnO2, pyrolusite (Cs,Na)2Al2Si4O12H2O (Ag,Cu)16Sb2S11 Y,Ce,Ca,U,Th,Ti,Nb,Ta,Fe oxide K2Ca2Mg(SO4)42H2O KAl(SiO4)211H2O KalSi3O8, see orthoclase Muscovite CaMoO4 Jasper, green Ca2Al2(Si3O10)(OH)12 Chlorite group Ag3AsS3 Manganese mineral group Ag3SbS3 FeS2 (Na,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O6(OH,F) MnO2 Pb5(PO4)3Cl (Mg,Fe)3Al2(SiO4)3
2+ 3+

Specific gravity 3.5 11.9 2.85 3.03.5 6.15 2.72.8 4.65.0 4.03 2.4 8.79.0 2.93.0 2.2 2.86 6.06.3

Mohr hardness 6.07.0 4.55.0 2.0 5.5 3.0 5.0 3.54.0 5.5 6.06.5 2.53.0 7.58.0 4.55.0 2.53.0 3.0

3.4 3.23.4

6.5 5.06.0

5.6 1419

2.5 4.04.5

5.0 2.9 6.06.2 4.75.9 2.78 1.75

6.06.5 6.5 2.03.0 5.56.5 2.53.0 2.02.5

4.2 2.82.9 5.6 5.9 5.02 4.24.5 4.8 6.57.1 3.5

3.54.0 6.06.5 2.02.5 2.5 6.06.5 5.0 12 3.54.0 7.0

A.10

APPENDIX A

Name Pyrophylite Pyroxene (P) Pyrrhotite Quartz Rammelsbergite Rasorite Realgar Red ochre Rhodochrosite Rhodolite (G) Rhodonite Riebeckite (A) Rock salt Roscoelite (M) Rubellite Ruby Ruby copper Ruby silver Rutile Samarskite Sanadine (O) Saponite (C) Sapphire Satin spar Scapolite Scheelite Schorlite Scolecite (Z) Scorodite Scorzalite Selenite Semseyite Sepiolite Sericite (M) Serpentine Siderite Siegenite Sillimanite Silver Silver glance Sklodowskite Skutterudite Smaltite Smithsonite Soapstone Sodalite (Fp) Soda nitre Specular iron Sperrylite

Description or composition Al2Si4O10(OH)2 A group of minerals Fe1-x S where x = 0.0 to 0.2 SiO2 NiAs2 Kemite AsS Hematite MnCO3 3(Mg,Fe)O,Al2O33SiO2 MnSiO3 Na2(Fe,Mg)5Si8O22(OH)2 Halite K(U,Al,Mg)3Si3O10(OH)2 Tourmaline, red or pink Corundum, red, gemstone Cuprite Pyrargyrite or proustite TiO2 (Y,Ce,U,Ca,Fe,Pb,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti,Sn)2O6 Orthoclase, high temperature (Mg,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 Corundum, blue, gemstone Gypsum, fibrous (Na or Ca)4Al3(Al,Si)3Si6O24(Cl,CO3,SO4) CaWO4 Tourmaline, black Ca(Al2Si3O10)3H2O FeAsO42H2O (Fe,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 Clear and crystalline gypsum Pb9Sb8S21 Mg4(Si2O5)3(OH)26H2O, Meerschaum Muscovite mica, fine grained (Mg,Fe)3SiO5(OH)4 FeCO3 (Co,Ni)3S4 Al2SiO5 Ag Argentite Mg(UO2)2Si2O76H2O (Co,Ni,Fe)As3 Skutterudite variety ZnCO3 Talc Na4Al3Si3O12Cl NaNO3 Hematite, foliated PtAs2

Specific gravity 2.82.9 4.6 2.7 7.1 3.5 3.53.6 3.8 3.63.7 3.4 3.0

Mohr hardness 1.02.0 4.0 7 5.56.0 1.52.0 3.54.5 7.0 5.56.0 4.0 2.5

4.24.3 4.16.2 2.5

6.06.5 5.06.0 1.01.5

2.62.7 5.96.1 2.22.4 3.13.3 3.4 5.8 2.0 2.2 3.83.9 4.8 3.2 10.5 3.5 6.16.9 4.34.4 2.22.3 2.3 10.5

5.06.0 4.55.0 5.05.5 3.54.0 5.56.0 2.5 2.02.5 2.05.0 3.54.0 4.55.5 6.07.0 2.53.0

5.0 5.0 5.56.0 1.02.0 6.07.0

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HARDNESS OF MINERALS

A.11

Name Spessartite (G) Sphalerite Sphene Spinel group Spodumene (P) Stannite Staurolite Steatite Stephanite Stembergite Stibnite Stilbite (Z) Stillwellite Stolzite Stromeyerite Strontianite Sulphur Sunstone (F) Sylvanite Sylvite Talc Tantalite Tennantite Tenorite Tephroite (Ov) Tetrahedrite Thenardite Thomsonite (Z) Thorianite Thorite Thulite Tigers eye Tin Tinstone Titanite Topaz Torbernite Tourmaline Tremolite (A) Tridymite Triphylite Troilite Trona Troostite Tungstite Turgite Turquoise Tyuyamunite

Description or composition Mn3Al2(SiO4)3, red, brown (Zn,Fe)S CaTiO(SiO4) (Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn)Al2O4 LiAl(Si2O6) Cu2FeSnS4 (Fe,Mg)2Al2Si4O23(OH) Talc Ag5SbS4 AgFe2S3 Sb2S3 NaCa2Al5Si3O3614H2O (Ce,La,Ba)BSiO5 PbWO4 (Cu,Ag)S SrCO3 S Oliglase, translucent (Au,Ag)Te2 KCl Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2 (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6,TaNb (Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)12As4S13 CuO Mn2(SiO4) (Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)12Sb4S13 Na2SO4 NaCa2Al5Si5O206H2O ThO2 Th(SiO4) Zoisite, pink to red Form of quartz Sn Cassiterite Sphene Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 Cu(UO2)2(PO4)28H2O (Na,Ca)(Al,Fe,Li,Mg)3Al6(BO3)3(Si6O22) (OH)4 Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 SiO2 Li(Fe,Mn)PO4 Pyrrhotite Na2CO3NaHCO32H2O Manganiferous willemite WO3nH2O 2Fe2O3nH2O CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)85H2O Ca(UO2)2(VO4)25H2O

Specific gravity 4.2 3.94.1 3.43.5 3.64.0 3.13.2 4.4 3.63.8 6.26.3 4.14.2 4.54.6 2.12.2 4.6 8.38.4 6.26.3 3.7 2.02.1 8.08.2 2.0 2.72.8 6.28.0 4.65.1 5.86.4 4.1 4.65.1 2.68 2.3 9.7 5.3

Mohr hardness 7.0 3.54.0 5.05.5 8.0 6.57.0 4.0 7.07.5 2.02.5 1.01.5 2.0 3.54.0 2.53.0 2.53.0 3.54.0 1.52.5 1.52.0 2.0 1.0 6.06.5 3.04.5 3.04.0 6.0 3.04.5 2.5 5.0 6.5 5.0

7.3

2.0

3.43.6 3.2 3.03.2 3.03.3 2.3 3.43.6 2.1

8.0 7.07.5 7.07.5 5.06.0 7.0 4.05.5 3.0 2.5 6.5 6.0 2.0

4.24.6 2.62.8 3.74.3

A.12

APPENDIX A

Name Ulexite Uralite (H) Uraninite Uranophane Uvarovite (G) Vanadinite Variscite Vermiculite (M) Vesuvianite Violarite Vivianite Wad Wavelite Wemerite (Sc) White pyrite White mica (M) Wilemite Witherite Wolframite Wollastonite Wood tin Wulfenite Wurtzite Xenotime Zeolite Zincite Zinc spinel Zinkenite (J) Zinnwaldite Zircon Zoisite

Description or composition NaCaB5O98H2O Homblende after pyroxene UO2 to UO3 Ca(UO2)2Si2O76H2O Ca3Cr2(SiO4)2, green Pb5(VO4)3Cl Al(PO4)2H2O Biotite, altered Idocrase Ni2FeS4 Fe3(PO4)28H2O Manganese oxides Al3(OH)3(PO4)25H2O Scapolite Marcasite Muscovite Zn2SiO4 BaCO3 (Fe,Mn)WO4 Ca(SiO3) Cassiterite PbMoO4 (Zn,Fe)S YPO4 A group of minerals ZnO Gahnite Pb6Sb14S27 Fe,Li, mica ZrSiO4 Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH)

Specific gravity 1.96 9.09.7 3.83.9 3.5 6.77.1 2.42.6 2.4 4.8 2.62.7 2.3

Mohr hardness 1.0 5.5 2.03.0 7.5 3.0 3.54.5 1.5 4.55.5 1.52.0 3.54.5

3.94.2 4.3 7.07.5 2.82.9 6.57.5 4.0 4.45.1 5.7 5.3 3.0 4.7 3.3

5.5 3.5 5.05.5 5.05.5 3.0 4.0 4.05.0 4.04.5 3.03.5 2.53.0 7.5 6.0

Adapted from T. J. Glover, Pocket Ref, Second Edition. Littleton, CO: Sequoia.