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Keywords = red palm oil consumption

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Article
The Effect of Red Palm Oil on Vitamin A Deficiency: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
by Shunan Dong, Hui Xia, Feng Wang and Guiju Sun
Nutrients 2017, 9(12), 1281; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9121281 - 24 Nov 2017
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 7738
Abstract
Red palm oil (RPO) has been investigated for preventing or alleviating vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Previous data has offered inconclusive and inconsistent results about the effects of RPO in patients with VAD. Our objective was to undertake a meta-analysis to assess the effects [...] Read more.
Red palm oil (RPO) has been investigated for preventing or alleviating vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Previous data has offered inconclusive and inconsistent results about the effects of RPO in patients with VAD. Our objective was to undertake a meta-analysis to assess the effects of RPO in preventing VAD in the population. After conducting a comprehensive literature search, nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Overall, when trial results were pooled, the results indicated that RPO reduced the risk of VAD (relative risk (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 0.55 (0.37, 0.82), p = 0.003), increasedserum retinol levels in both children (p < 0.00001) and adults (p = 0.002), and increased β-carotene levels (p = 0.01). However, RPO supplementation did not have a significant overall effect on serum α-carotene levels (p = 0.06), body weight (p = 0.45), and haemoglobin levels (p = 0.72). The results also showed that low level of PRO intake (≤8 g RPO) could increase serum retinol concentrations whereas PRO intake above 8 g did not lead to further increase of serum retinol concentrations. This meta-analysis demonstrated that RPO might be effective for preventing or alleviating VAD. Full article
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<p>Flow diagram for the selected articles.</p>
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<p>Forest plot of the effect of red palm oil (RPO) supplementation on the prevalence rate of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and serum retinol levels (μmol/L) (RPO group vs. placebo group). CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Subgroup analysis of serum retinol levels (μmol/L) following red palm oil (RPO) intervention in children and adults (RPO group vs. placebo group). CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Subgroup analysis of serum retinol levels (μmol/L) following red palm oil (RPO) intervention with respect to low or high RPO intake (RPO group vs. placebo group). CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Forest plot of the effect of red palm oil (RPO) intervention on serum β-carotene levels (μmol/L) (RPO group vs. placebo group). CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Forest plot of the effect of red palm oil (RPO) intervention on serum α-carotene levels (μmol/L) (RPO group vs. placebo group). CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Forest plots of the effect of red palm oil (RPO) intervention on body weight and hemoglobin (g/L) for the RPO group vs. placebo group. CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Comparisons of the prevalence rate of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and serum retinol levels (μmol/L) following red palm oil (RPO) and vitamin A supplement intervention. CI: confidence interval.</p>
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<p>Risk of bias assessment of trials evaluating red palm oil (RPO) on vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Note: +, low risk of bias, ?, unclear risk of bias, − , high risk of bias.</p>
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