Fabrication of Al/Mg/Al Composites via Accumulative Roll Bonding and Their Mechanical Properties
<p>Diagrammatic illustration of the accumulate roll-bonding (ARB) process.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>SEM micrographs of ARBed Al/Mg composites: (<b>a</b>) primary sandwich; (<b>b</b>) 2nd; (<b>c</b>) 3rd; (<b>d</b>) 4th cycle.</p> "> Figure 2 Cont.
<p>SEM micrographs of ARBed Al/Mg composites: (<b>a</b>) primary sandwich; (<b>b</b>) 2nd; (<b>c</b>) 3rd; (<b>d</b>) 4th cycle.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Thickness variations of Al and Mg layers in Al/Mg/Al composite during ARB cycles.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>SEM images and corresponding EDS line-scanning analysis across the interfaces of the Al/Mg composite after (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) one; (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) two and (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>) three; (<b>g</b>,<b>h</b>) four cycles.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>EDS line-scanning analysis of the fresh interface in the Al/Mg composites after three cycles: (<b>a</b>) SEM image; (<b>b</b>) element distribution of Mg and Al along line A-B across the interface.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>(<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) TEM bright field images of the interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated composites after three cycles and (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) magnified microstructures of interface marked by A and B in (<b>b</b>).</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Optical micrographs showing the microstructure of Mg layer in the Al/Mg/Al laminated composites after (<b>a</b>) one; (<b>b</b>) two; (<b>c</b>) three; (<b>d</b>) four cycles.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>EBSD maps of surface Al layer in the Al/Mg/Al laminated composites after (<b>a</b>) one; (<b>b</b>) two; (<b>c</b>) three; (<b>d</b>) four cycles.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>EBSD maps of Al layers through thickness of the laminated composites with different cycles: (<b>a</b>) surface Al layer after the 1st cycle; (<b>b</b>,<b>c</b>) surface and center layer after the 2nd cycles; (<b>d</b>–<b>f</b>) surface, subsurface and center layer after the 3rd cycles; (<b>g</b>–<b>i</b>) surface, subsurface and center layer after the 4th cycles.</p> "> Figure 9 Cont.
<p>EBSD maps of Al layers through thickness of the laminated composites with different cycles: (<b>a</b>) surface Al layer after the 1st cycle; (<b>b</b>,<b>c</b>) surface and center layer after the 2nd cycles; (<b>d</b>–<b>f</b>) surface, subsurface and center layer after the 3rd cycles; (<b>g</b>–<b>i</b>) surface, subsurface and center layer after the 4th cycles.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>Mechanical properties of Al/Mg/Al multilayered composites with different ARB cycles.</p> "> Figure 11
<p>Hardness variation of Al and Mg layers in the Al/Mg/Al composites at different ARB cycles.</p> "> Figure 12
<p>The panoramic SEM fractographs of the Al/Mg/Al laminated composites fabricated after (<b>a</b>) one; (<b>b</b>) two; (<b>c</b>) three and (<b>d</b>) four cycles.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Materials and Procedures
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Interface Microstructure of the Al/Mg/Al Multilayer Composites
3.2. Grain Structural Evolution of the Al/Mg/Al Multilayer Composites
3.3. Mechanical Properties of the Al/Mg/Al Composites
3.4. Discussion
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- A kind of Al/Mg/Al multilayered composite was successfully produced using 1060Al and AZ31 plates via an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process, up to 4 cycles at an elevated temperature (400 °C) in this work.
- (2)
- The Al and Mg layers remained straight till the third ARBed cycle, indicated that the AZ31 alloy exhibited a good ductility under the preheat temperature and co-deformed with the pure Al alloy in the rolling process. However, two layers of intermetallic compounds, Al3Mg2 and Al12 Mg17, formed at the bonding interfaces due to the elevated rolling temperature after two cycles. However, they were broken in the subsequent cycle and the fresh Al and Mg layer bonded together again.
- (3)
- The grains of Al and Mg layers in the composites were also refined significantly and a homogeneous microstructure was obtained after three ARBed cycles. The average grain sizes of the refined Al and Mg alloys were 2 μm and 2.5 μm, separately.
- (4)
- The UTS and YS of the composites increased to a maximum value at the third cycle and then decreased with a further cycle. The maximum YS and UTS reached 178 MPa and 240 MPa, respectively. The EL shows a similar rule for strength. Based on the fracture morphologies analysis, it is supposed that the intermetallic compound cracking was the main reason for the strength and elongation decrements with increased rolling cycles.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | Al | Zn | Mn | Si | Cu | Fe | Ni | Mg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content (wt %) | 2.94 | 0.9 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.00053 | Bal. |
Element | Al K | Mg K | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Weight % | Atomic % | Weight % | Atomic % | |
Point 1 | 47.6 | 61.1 | 52.4 | 38.9 |
Point 2 | 40.8 | 38.3 | 59.2 | 61.7 |
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Nie, J.; Liu, M.; Wang, F.; Zhao, Y.; Li, Y.; Cao, Y.; Zhu, Y. Fabrication of Al/Mg/Al Composites via Accumulative Roll Bonding and Their Mechanical Properties. Materials 2016, 9, 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9110951
Nie J, Liu M, Wang F, Zhao Y, Li Y, Cao Y, Zhu Y. Fabrication of Al/Mg/Al Composites via Accumulative Roll Bonding and Their Mechanical Properties. Materials. 2016; 9(11):951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9110951
Chicago/Turabian StyleNie, Jinfeng, Mingxing Liu, Fang Wang, Yonghao Zhao, Yusheng Li, Yang Cao, and Yuntian Zhu. 2016. "Fabrication of Al/Mg/Al Composites via Accumulative Roll Bonding and Their Mechanical Properties" Materials 9, no. 11: 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9110951