The Role of miRNAs in Virus-Mediated Oncogenesis
"> Figure 1
<p>Viral miRNAs of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), and cell miRNAs whose expression is influenced by the viral infection. The deregulation of these miRNAs contributes to the transformation of the cell and to tumor development. Green = viral miRNAs that target viral mRNAs, red = viral miRNAs that target cellular mRNAs, and yellow = cellular miRNAs influenced by the viral infection.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Epstein–Barr Virus
3. HHV-8
4. Hepatitis B Virus
5. Human Papillomavirus
6. Merkel Cell Polyomavirus
7. Hepatitis C Virus
8. Retroviruses
9. Controversial Oncoviral-Encoded miRNAs
10. Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Glossary
Immortalization of the host cell | continual proliferation of the cell mostly caused by mutation or by the activity of the viral oncogenes |
Transformation of the host cell | morphologic, physiologic and genetic changes of the cell initiating a process of tumor development and progression |
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Virus Family | Virus Species | Mature miRNAs (According to miRBase, Updated 2014) | MiRNAs Mentioned in This Review | Proposed Function | Target | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herpesviridae | Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) | 44 | miR-BART17-5p | cell transformation | LMP1 | [25] |
miR-BART16 | cell transformation, anti-apoptotic role | LMP1, Casp3 | [25,31] | |||
miR-BART1-5p | LMP1, Casp3 | [25,31] | ||||
miR-BART5-5p | PUMA | [29] | ||||
miR-BART19-5p | PUMA | [29] | ||||
miR-BART22 | escape from host immune surveillance | LMP2A | [26] | |||
miR-BART2-5p | regulation of latent–lytic switch, evasion of the host‘s immune system | BALF5, MICB | [27,36] | |||
miR-BART6-5p | regulation of viral replication | EBNA2 | [28] | |||
miR-BART7-3p | promotion of EMT and metastasis, regulation of radiation sensitivity | PTEN, GFPT1 | [30,38] | |||
miR-BART3 | proliferation and cell transformation | DICE1 | [32] | |||
miR-BHRF1-1 | immunomodulatory function | CXCL11 | [33] | |||
miR-BHRF1-2 | CXCL11 | |||||
miR-BHRF1-3 | CXCL11 | |||||
Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)/Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) | 25 | miR-K9-5p | regulation of lytic induction | RTA | [54,55] | |
miR-K7-5p | ||||||
miR-K3 | regulation of viral latency and angiogenesis | nuclear factor I/B, GRK2, THBS1 | [56,62,63] | |||
miR-K12-11 | MYB, IKKε, THBS1 | [58,60,62] | ||||
miR-K12-4 | regulation of viral latency, anti-apoptotic role | Rbl2, Casp3 | [61,67] | |||
miR-K6-3p | regulation of angiogenesis | THBS1, SH3BGR | [62,63] | |||
miR-K12-1 | anti-apoptotic role, regulation of angiogenesis | p21, Casp3, THBS1 | [62,66,67] | |||
Polyomaviridae | Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) | 1 | MCV-miR-M1 | regulation of viral lifecycle | early viral transcripts | [145] |
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Vojtechova, Z.; Tachezy, R. The Role of miRNAs in Virus-Mediated Oncogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041217
Vojtechova Z, Tachezy R. The Role of miRNAs in Virus-Mediated Oncogenesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(4):1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041217
Chicago/Turabian StyleVojtechova, Zuzana, and Ruth Tachezy. 2018. "The Role of miRNAs in Virus-Mediated Oncogenesis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 4: 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041217