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    Electric Vehicle Maintenance
    Electric Vehicle Maintenance
    Electric Vehicle Maintenance
    Ebook246 pages1 hour

    Electric Vehicle Maintenance

    By Rodulf nouh Fidal

    ()

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    About this ebook

    Do you want to learn a practical skill that you will regularly use?

    Or maybe you're a car owner who wants to save some money?

    Are you even a little-bit handy with tools?

    If you answered yes to any of these questions, you should definitely consider DIY (Do-It-Yourself) automotive repair!

    Many common repair and maintenance services are well within the skills of most people.

    With the right mindset and tools common procedures such as repair electrical wiring , replacing component of electricity, checking charging system, changing a starter or any sensor, and jump-starting a car should be very manageable!.

    Below, we list some tips and skills that will teach you how to carry out basic upkeep on your vehicle and save valuable time by not waiting hours at the dealership or garage.

    Understand Electrical Fundamentals, Voltage, Current, And Resistance In Circuits

    Know type of Electrical Circuits, Ohm's Law, and Sample Calculations

    Know Electrical Components : Types Of Resistors, Controls, Capacitors, Electronic Circuits And Systems Protective Devices

    Analog And Digital Meters.

    How to Repair Wire, Terminal And Connector.

    How to mantenance  Batteries and cahrging system.

    How to mantenance Charging Systems.

    How to deal with Electrical Diagnostic Tools.

    Diagnosing Body Electrical Problems.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherRodulf nouh Fidal
    Release dateAug 19, 2024
    ISBN9798227949219
    Electric Vehicle Maintenance

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      Book preview

      Electric Vehicle Maintenance - Rodulf nouh Fidal

      Electric vehicle maintenance

      Rddulf Noah Fidal

      Ecu chip

      Copyright © 2021 rodulf noah fidal

      All rights reserved

      The characters and events portrayed in this book are fictitious. Any similarity to real persons, living or dead, is coincidental and not intended by the author.

      No part of this book may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without express written permission of the publisher.

      Contents

      Title Page

      Copyright

      Introduction

      chapter one : ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

      General

      Electron Theory

      Terms Of Electricity

      Voltage, Current, And Resistance In Circuits

      ELECTRIC POWER AND WORK

      Types Of Electricity

      chapter tow : ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

      Types Of Circuits

      Ohm's Law

      SAMPLE CALCULATIONS

      chapter three : ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

      Power Sources On The Car

      Loads

      Types Of Resistors

      Controls

      CAPACITORS

      Electronics

      ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS

      Protective Devices

      chapter four : ANALOG AND DIGITAL METERS

      ANALOG VS. DIGITAL METERS

      VOLTMETERS : ANALOG AND DIGITAL

      AMMETERS :  ANALOG AND DIGITAL

      OHMMETERS : ANALOG AND DIGITAL

      chapter five : WIRE, TERMINAL AND CONNECTOR REPAIR

      CONDUCTORS

      HARNESSES

      CONNECTORS

      CONNECTOR REPAIR

      CONDUCTOR REPAIR

      WIRE REPAIRS

      chapter six : BATTERIES

      General

      Battery Functions

      Battery Types

      Construction

      ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION

      Capacity Ratings

      FACTORS AFFECTING CHARGING

      Diagnosis and Testing

      Battery Service

      chapter seven : STARTING SYSTEMS

      General

      Starting Motor Construction

      Starting Motor Operation

      Diagnosis and Testing

      chapter eight : CHARGING SYSTEMS

      General

      CHARGING SYSTEMS COMPONENTS

      Alternator Construction

      Alternator Operation

      Diagnosis and Testing

      chapter nine : ELECTRICAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

      Jumper Wires

      Digital Multimeters

      Digital Voltmeter

      Types of Digital Ammeters

      Digital Ohmmeter

      Additional Features Diode Check

      Additional Features Audible Continuity Beep

      Ohmmeter Common Mistakes

      chapter ten : DIAGNOSING BODY ELECTRICAL PROBLEMS

      Introduction

      Using a Voltmeter On Open Circuit Problems

      Using an Ohmmeter On Open Circuit Problems

      Using a Jumper Wire

      Diagnosing Parasitic Load Problems

      Diagnosing Short-to-Grounds

      Diagnosing High Resistance Problems

      Feedback Problems

      Introduction

      A repair manual in automotive is a guide that provides technicians with the information they need to fix or maintain a vehicle. It's an essential tool for anyone working on cars, as it provides detailed instructions and specifications for each part of the vehicle. The manual covers everything from routine maintenance tasks like fix eletrical wiring and checing charging and starting system in detail.

      The repair manual typically includes diagrams, photographs, and step-by-step instructions to make it easier for technicians to follow along. It may also include troubleshooting tips and common problems that can occur with specific vehicles.

      chapter one : ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

      General

      Electricity is a form of energy called electrical energy. It is sometimes called an unseen force because the energy itself cannot be seen, heard, touched, or smelled.

      However, the effects of electricity can be seen ... a lamp gives off light; a motor turns; a cigarette lighter gets red hot; a buzzer makes noise.

      The effects of electricity can also be heard, felt, and smelled. A loud crack of lightning is easily heard, while a fuse blowing may sound like a soft pop or snap. With electricity flowing through them, some insulated wires may feel warm and bare wires may produce a tingling or, worse, quite a shock. And, of course, the odor of burned wire insulation is easily smelled.

      effecst of electricity

      Electron Theory

      Electron theory helps to explain electricity. The basic building block for matter, anything that has mass and occupies space, is the atom. All matter - solid, liquid, or gas - is made up of molecules, or atoms joined together. These atoms are the smallest particles into which an element or substance can be divided without losing its properties. There are only about 100 different atoms that make up everything in our world. The features that make one atom different from another also determine its electrical properties.

      ATOMIC STRUCTURE

      An atom is like a tiny solar system. The center is called the nucleus, made up of tiny particles called protons and neutrons. The nucleus is surrounded by clouds of other tiny particles called electrons. The electrons rotate about the nucleus in fixed paths called shells or rings. Hydrogen has the simplest atom with one proton in the nucleus and one electron rotating around it. Copper is more complex with 29 electrons in four different rings rotating around a nucleus that has 29 protons and 29 neutrons. Other elements have different atomic structures.

      ATOMIC STRUCTURE

      ATOMS AND ELECTRICAL CHARGES

      Each atomic particle has an electrical charge. Electrons have a negative (-) charge. Protons have a positive charge. Neutrons have no charge, they are neutral. In a balanced atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons. The balance of the opposing negative and positive charges holds the atom together. Like charges repel, unlike charges attract. The positive protons hold the electrons in orbit. Centrifugal force prevents the electrons from moving inward. And, the neutrons cancel the repelling force between protons to hold the atom's core together.

      ATOMIC STRUCTURE

      POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IONS

      If an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negative ion. If an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positive ion. Positive ions attract electrons from neighboring atoms to become balanced. This causes electron flow.

      ATOMIC STRUCTURE

      ELECTRON FLOW

      The number of electrons in the outer orbit (valence shell or ring) determines the atom's ability to conduct electricity. Electrons in the inner rings are closer to the core, strongly attracted to the protons, and are called bound electrons. Electrons in the outer ring are further away from the core, less strongly attracted to the protons, and are called free electrons.

      Electrons can be freed by forces such as friction, heat, light, pressure, chemical action, or magnetic action. These freed electrons move away from the electromotive force, or EMF (electron moving force), from one atom to the next. A stream of free electrons forms an electrical current.

      ELECTRON FLOW

      CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS

      The electrical properties of various materials are determined by the number of electrons in the outer ring of their atoms.

      • CONDUCTORS - Materials with 1 to 3 electrons in the atom's outer ring make good conductors. The electrons are held loosely, there's room for more, and a low EMF will cause a flow of free electrons.

      • INSULATORS - Materials with 5 to 8 electrons in the atom's outer ring are insulators. The electrons are held tightly, the ring's fairly full, and a very high EMF is needed to cause any electron flow at all. Such materials include glass, rubber, and certain plastics.

      • SEMICONDUCTORS - Materials with exactly 4 electrons in the atom's outer ring are called semiconductors. They are neither good conductors, nor good insulators. Such materials include carbon, germanium, and silicon.

      CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS

      CURRENT FLOW THEORIES

      Two theories describe current flow. The conventional theory, commonly used for automotive systems, says current flows from (+) to (-) ... excess electrons flow from an area of high potential to one of low potential (-). The electron theory, commonly used for electronics, says current flows from (-) to (+) ... excess electrons cause an area of negative potential (-) and flow toward an area lacking electrons, an area of positive potential (+), to balance the charges.

      While the direction of current flow makes a difference in the operation of some devices, such as diodes, the direction makes no difference to the three measurable units of electricity: voltage, current, and resistance.

      CURRENT FLOW THEORIES

      Terms Of Electricity

      Electricity cannot be weighed on a scale or measured into a container. But, certain electrical actions can be measured. These actions or terms are used to describe electricity; voltage, current, resistance, and power.

      Voltage is pressure

      Current is flow.

      Resistance opposes flow.

      Power is the amount of work performed. It depends on the amount of pressure and the volume of flow.

      VOLTAGE

      Voltage is electrical pressure, a potential force or difference in electrical charge between twopoints. It can push electrical current through a wire, but not through its insulation.

      Voltage is measured in volts. One volt can push a certain amount of current, two volts twice as much, and so on. A voltmeter measures the difference in electrical pressure between two points in volts. A voltmeter is used in parallel.

      VOLTAGEVOLTAGE

      CURRENT

      Current is electrical flow moving through a wire. Current flows in a wire pushed by voltage. Current is measured in amperes, or amps, for short. An ammeter measures current flow in

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