How to make use of Multiple Intelligence in Teaching of Pedagogies

Large old trees have been described as keystone habitats for several species. However, current research does not fully explain why these species show a preference for such trees. In this study, we combined field observations of birds with terrestrial lidar scans and computational feature-recognition to describe habitats provided by trees at an unprecedented level of detail. We conducted field observations of birds at 62 trees and used parameters including branch angle, branch diameter, branch state (living or dead), and trunk diameter at breast height (DBH) to develop a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) that could predict which types of branch birds are more likely to visit. We then quantified angles, diameters, and states of 78,006 branch objects representing the complete canopies of 16 trees. By combining these two models we predicted that large trees (>80 cm DBH) contained, on average, 383 m of branches that were highly suitable for birds (i.e., the predicted probability of observing a bird was ≥0.5), which was more than seven times the average length of highly suitable branches provided by medium trees (51-80 cm DBH). Only one of the sampled medium trees contained highly suitable branches. Small trees (<50 cm DBH) contained none. Our analysis provides new knowledge about characteristics that make large old trees disproportionately attractive to birds and presents a novel method of assessment that can apply to other complex habitat structures.

Les actionneurs sont des éléments moteurs du système, ils transforment l'énergie hydraulique en énergie mécanique. Les plus courants sont les vérins et les moteurs.

This paper undertakes a comparative study of Scotland and Catalonia with respect to their territorial rights for self-government within their respective British and Spanish frameworks. The subjects of this comparative study share a somewhat similar configuration as sub-state peripheral nations with analogous perceptions, interpretations and aspirations for home rule. Nonetheless, Scotland and Catalonia have not followed parallel processes over the last decades as far as the achievement of institutional forms of self-government is concerned. During the last decades, the revival of ethnoterritorial political movements in the Western world has coincided with an increasing challenge to the legitimacy of the centralist model of the unitary state. Not surprinsingly, both elements of decentralization and ethnic pluralism have been, and still are, major sources of political conflict in the national-multinational United Kingdom and Spain. This paper focusses principally on the individual elements of territory and ethnicity which, together with class, are responsible for most of the division and cohesion in the contemporary world. It also acknowledges the decisive importance of the functional dimension in all aspects of human organization and also assumes class stratification to be a necessary element in the analysis of any social formation. However, and contrary to the views of other social scientists, this paper contends that ethnic and territorial differences are necessary, at least as much as class cleavages are, for the understanding of the functioning of the modern state and for the processes of social mobilization and social change which can take place in human societies. Accordingly, special emphasis is placed on the ethnoterritorial aspects of the two countries examined in this paper.

Através de experiências de Glicéria, Jéssica Tupinambá e Nathalie Pavelic, o artigo destaca a importância do acesso ao patrimônio cultural usurpado de povos indígenas para revitalizar a memória ancestral dos povos indígenas. Discute-se mais particularmente o caso dos mantos Tupinambá conservados em instituições europeias, enfatizando a necessidade de políticas de acesso e repatriação que respeitem os direitos e desejos das comunidades. O papel dos encantados na cosmologia tupinambá e a sua influência na produção de novos mantos são analisados, ilustrando a interação constante entre humanos e outros-que-humanos na cultura Tupinambá. O texto critica a discrepância entre os discursos decoloniais dos museus e suas práticas conservadoras, e chama atenção para o protagonismo feminino na liderança das negociações de repatriação e na produção cultural. Este estudo de caso evidencia as complexas negociações entre povos indígenas e museus, destacando a perspectiva indígena em um debate global sobre patrimônio cultural, restituição/repatriação/retorno e memória ancestral. Palavras-chave: Mantos tupinambá; Interação humano-não humano; acesso a patrimônio cultural; museus europeus; protagonismo feminino.