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Journal of Physical Oceanography
Influences of Precipitation on Water Mass Transformation and Deep Convection2012 •
LIMES XXIIII Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies 2nd − 9th September 2018 Viminacium − Belgrade, Serbia
The appearance of ulcer on one skeleton from Viminacium and the possibility of its' treatment in antiquityAmerican Journal of Bioethics
A personalized patient preference predictor for substituted judgments in healthcare: technically feasible and ethically desirable2024 •
When making substituted judgments for incapacitated patients, surrogates may often struggle to guess what the patient would want if they had capacity. Surrogates may also agonise over having the (sole) responsibility of making such a determination. To address such concerns, a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) has been proposed that would use an algorithm to infer the treatment preferences of individual patients from population-level data about the known preferences of people with similar demographic characteristics. However, critics have suggested that even if such a PPP were more accurate, on average, than human surrogates in accurately identifying patient preferences, the proposed algorithm would nevertheless fail to respect the patient’s (former) autonomy since it draws on the ‘wrong’ kind of data: namely, data that are not specific to the individual patient and which therefore may not reflect their actual values, or their reasons for having the preferences they do. Taking such criticisms on board, we here propose a new approach: the Personalized Patient Preference Predictor (P4). The P4 is based on recent advances in machine learning, which allow technologies including large language models to be more cheaply and efficiently ‘fine-tuned’ on person-specific data. The P4, unlike the PPP, would be able to infer an individual patient’s preferences from material (e.g., prior treatment decisions) that is in fact specific to them. Thus, we argue, in addition to being potentially more accurate at the individual level than the previously proposed PPP, the predictions of a P4 would also more directly reflect each patient’s own reasons and values. In this article, we review recent discoveries in artificial intelligence research that suggest a P4 is technically feasible, and argue that, if it is developed and appropriately deployed, it should assuage some of the main autonomy-based concerns of critics of the original PPP. We then consider various objections to our proposal and offer some tentative replies.
This paper deals with the hypothesis of why Nicopolis ad Haemum, a town established to glorify the victory of Trajan over the Dacians and their Sarmatian allies south of the Danube, was renamed at the beginning of Hadrian's rule as Nicopolis ad Istrum. The author believes the change happened in 118/119 AD after a victory of the emperor near the Danube over either Roxolani or Iazyges, with a preference for the latter. This, along with the unfortunate fate of the main person responsible, Q. Marcius Turbo, predetermined the confusion in later historical narratives and the connection of this battle to the Trajanic Dacian Wars, although no such victory is ever attested.
Creating resilient, sustainable city region food systems with durable and equitable urban rural linkages will require support at all levels of government. ** Integrated challenges to both urban and rural landscapes from economic, ecosystem and health pressures call for integrated city-region planning beyond the current ‘silos’. ** Equity, poverty reduction and economic development can be integrated by linking secure access to resources and land tenure and including all stakeholders in a rights-based approach to development. ** Agriculture and ecosystem management can be linked to achieve objectives for climate change resilience and mitigation, secure clean water supplies and biodiversity conservation. ** Health, food and nutrition security can be enhanced by improved city-region ecosystem management that relates the health of ecosystems directly to sustainable diets for all. ** Numerous tools and strategies for integrating objectives of sustainable city region development exist and need to be scaled up with support from national and international levels.
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
Human Intelligence Analysis through Perception of AI in Teaching and LearningInstructional practices have undergone a drastic change as a result of the development of new educational technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) as a teaching and learning technology will be examined in this theoretical review study. To enhance the quality of teaching and learning, the use of artificial intelligence approaches is being studied. Artificial intelligence integration in educational institutions has been addressed, though. Students’ assistance, teaching, learning, and administration are also addressed in the discussion of students’ adoption of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize our social interactions and generate new teaching and learning methods that may be evaluated in a variety of contexts. New educational technology can help students and teachers better accomplish and manage their educational objectives. Artificial intelligence algorithms are used in a hybrid teaching mode in this work to examine students’ attribute...
2018 •
Light upon Light: Essays in Islamic Thought and History in Honor of Gerhard Bowering, edited by Jamal Elias and Bilal Orfali
The Rise of Islam in a Judeo-Christian Context2019 •
2024 •
2017 •
Journal of Internal Medicine
How can we prevent cardiovascular disease in diabetes2007 •
Business & information systems engineering
Designing Virtual Coaching Solutions2024 •
2024 •