Devletlerin I. Dünya Savaşı’na Hazırlık Stratejileri

The Mobilization of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War and the Military Training in Istanbul with Memories (1914), 2020

Defeated in the Balkan War and its existence in Europe limited to the Eastern Thrace, The Ottoman Empire started to mobilize in military preparations and military recruitment processes in order to get rid of the severe defeat and not to experience the same disaster again. In this direction, while the Ottoman Empire was reorganizing movements within the army with the aid of Germany, the killing of the Austro-Hungarian throne caused European countries to declare war against each other in the race for industrialization and arms. While the European countries declared war on each other, the Ottoman Empire declared its mobilization in the face of these developments and began recruiting troops. Those who had compulsory military service in Istanbul and its vicinity went to the military camps where they were affiliated to mobilization, and after taking their military training, they set out to serve in Dardanelles. In this article, the preparations for the mobilization of the Ottoman Empire for World War One, the recruitment process and military training in Istanbul will be explained through the published memoirs.

Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2019

2013

International Journal of Political Science & Urban Studies

Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 2021

Is the destiny that the small states would become passive aimed at the great powers on the international stage? Is it possible not to become the meat in the sandwich among political strife of great powers? Or are there states that stand somewhere amid small and great? Turkey's standing during Second World War can be evaluated as a reference for this sort of example. Amid other small-scale states, during the war years, Turkey becomes prominent due to her adept diplomacy depended on balancing policy. This research investigates a week state's existence relied on geopolitical location and diplomatic capability in a fragile, complicated and uncertain equilibrium in terms of military and economic. The study will analyse the diplomatic strife of a non-belligerent state during the war through a theoretical approach benefitting from balancing policy and middle-power context. In order to understand Turkey's policy during the early years of World War II, this article builds a hypothesis on a non-belligerent policy in the context of threats. Our hypothesis informs why Turkey employed non-belligerent policy even facing some threats, instead of the bandwagon.

Relying on Ottoman archival documents, this article presents that during World War I the protection of the Muslim population in Serbia could be achieved only with the help of the mediator states who provided communication between the Ottoman Empire and Serbia. After the Ottoman Empire lost large portions of its lands in the Balkans, the protection of the Muslim population in the Balkans emerged as a new problem. The Istanbul Treaty of March 14, 1914 aimed to solve these problems, but the outbreak of WWI made the implementation difficult as the issues could only be discussed indirectly through mediator states. Özet: Osmanlı arşiv belgelerine dayanarak hazırlanan bu makale Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nda Sırbistan'daki Müslüman nüfusun korunmasının Osmanlı Devleti ve Sırbistan arasında aracılık yapan devletler vasıtasıyla sağlanabildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Osmanlı Devleti'nin Balkan Savaşları sonrasında Balkanlar'da bıraktığı topraklarında kalan Müslüman halkın haklarının korunması yeni bir mesele olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. 14 Mart 1914'te imzalanan İstanbul Anlaşması meseleye çözüm getirmeye çalışmış ancak Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nın çıkması ve Osmanlı-Sırp diplomatik ilişkilerinin kesintiye uğraması ile anlaşmanın uygulanmasında sorunlar yaşanmıştır. Bu sorunlar ancak aracı devletlerin yardımları ile kısmen giderilebilmiştir.

Onuncu Askeri Tarih Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 2006, Ankara, 435-460., 2006

Sempozyum bildiri kitabı aşağıdaki linkten indirilebilir: The full papers can be downloaded from the following link: http://www.harpak.edu.tr/saren/default.asp?sayfa=10