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This book which entitles ‘Racial Science and Human Diversity in Colonial Indonesia’ was written by Fenneke Sysling, a historian of science and Colonialism. This book is published in 2016 by NUS Press, National University of Singapore, Singapore. This book provides an exposure of Western thinkers, especially in the field of physical anthropology, in mapping out the existing races in Indonesia. Towards this mission, the Colonial scientists faced many obstacles in both technical and non-technical aspects.
Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia
Racial Science and Human Diversity in Colonial Indonesia, written by Fenneke Sysling2016 •
Asian Journal of Social Science
Dutch Colonial Anthropology in Indonesia2007 •
Attempts to assess the results of colonial anthropology in Indonesia faced some problems, which, until recently, have not been dealt with properly. Therefore, in a newly published comprehensive history of anthropology in the Netherlands, several studies focused on the character, rather than on the substance of colonial anthropology. In the case of Dutch colonial representations of Indonesia, 'colonial anthropology' appears to be an assemblage of various disciplines that constituted a fragmented whole (Indologie; Dutch Indies Studies) from which today's Dutch academic anthropology emerged. However, projection of current conceptions of anthropology into the colonial past resulted in a tendency to neglect some major characteristics of early representations that are imperative for the interpretation of these representations. Besides, a rather limited familiarity amongst present-day anthropologists with the way in which Dutch colonial politics became immersed in international...
Warwick Anderson and Ricardo Roque, “Introduction: Imagined laboratories: colonial and national racializations in island Southeast Asia”, The Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 49: 3 (2018), pp. 358-371.
Imagined laboratories: colonial and national racializations in island Southeast Asia [Introduction by Warwick Anderson and Ricardo Roque]2018 •
The current special issue of JSEAS aims at bridging case studies that explore histories of race, science, colonialism, and nationalism in Island, or Maritime, Southeast Asia. We consider this region as a privileged space in which to situate and compare racial sciences and their interactions with colonial and national histories. During the nineteenth- and twentieth-century, as we demonstrate here, Island Southeast Asia became a critical field site for racial analysis in the biological and human sciences. Indeed, the very distinction of this archipelago as a separate region in the world map is entangled in racial ethnology. At the same time, this distinctive assemblage of peoples and places endured a plurality of European colonial and imperial powers, including Portugal, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Britain, Spain, Japan, and the United States; it experienced a devastating world war, European decolonisation, Indonesian national and regional expansionism, and the rise of island claims for independence.
Frontiers in Zoology
Ernst Haeckel, Nikolai Miklucho-Maclay and the racial controversy over the Papuans2020 •
Background: The "German Darwin" Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919) was a key figure during the first "Darwinian revolution", a time when the foundations of the modern evolutionary theory were laid. It was Haeckel, who crucially contributed to the visualization of the Darwinian theory by designing "genealogical-trees" illustrating the evolution of various species, including humans. Although the idea of explaining human evolution by natural selection belongs to Darwin, Haeckel was the first who attempted to create a new exact anthropology based on the Darwinian method. Discussion: Trying to immediately reconstruct human evolution proceeding from the description of modern populations led Haeckel to the views which, from the contemporary perspective, are definitely racist. Haeckel created racial anthropology intending to prove human origins from a lower organism, but without the intention of establishing a discriminatory racial praxis. Although hierarchical in its outcome, the Haeckelian method did not presuppose the necessity of a racial hierarchy of currently living humans. It is crucial to grasp in what sense Haeckel's theoretical explorations in human evolution were racist, and in what sense they were not. Our argument flows as follows. One of Haeckel's pupils was the Russian ethnographer, anthropologist and zoologist Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Miklucho-Maclay (1846-1888). Maclay and Haeckel worked closely together for several years; they traveled jointly and Maclay had enough time to learn the major methodological principles of Haeckel's research. Yet in contrast to Haeckel, Maclay is regarded as one of the first scientific anti-racists, who came to anti-racist views using empirical field studies in Papua-New Guinea. Conclusions: We claim that while conducting these studies Maclay applied scientific principles to a significant extent acquired from Haeckel. The paper contributes to the view that Haeckel's theoretical racism did not follow the Darwinian method he used.
Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
Introduction — Imagined laboratories: Colonial and national racialisations in Island Southeast AsiaBijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
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DergiPark (Istanbul University)
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