Classification of Accounts Account Title Account Classification Normal Balance Financial Statement Accounts Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet Accounts Receivable Current asset Debt Balance sheet Accumulated Depreciation Plant asset Credit Balance sheet Accumulated Depletion Plant asset Credit Balance sheet Advertising Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Al l ow ance for Doubtful Accounts C urrent asset Credit Balance sheet Amortization Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Appropri ati on for___________ Stockholders equity Credit Retained earnings statement/ Balance sheet Bonds Payable Long term li abi l i ty Credit Balance sheet Building Plant asset Debit Balance sheet ___________Capital Owners equity Credit Statement of owner’s equity/ Balance sheet Capital Stock Stockholders equity Credit Balance sheet Cash Current asset Debit Balance sheet Cash Dividends Stockholders’ equity Debit Retained earnings statement Cash Dividends Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet Common Stock Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Cost of Merchandise (Goods) Sold Cost of merchandise(goods sold) Debit Income statement D eferred Income Tax C urrent Li abi l i ty/Long term liability Credit Bal ance sheet Depletion Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Discount on Bonds Payable Long term li abi l i ty Debit Balance sheet D i vi dend Income Other income Credit Income statement Dividends Stockholders’ equity Debit Retained earnings statement Donated Capital Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Empl oyees Federal Income Tax Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet Equipment Plant asset Debit Balance sheet Exchange Gai n Other income Credit Income statement Exchange Loss Other expense Debit Income statement Factory/Overhead (Overapplied) Deferred credit Credit Balance sheet (interim) Factory Overhead (Underapplied) Deferred debit Debit Balance sheet (interim) Federal Income Tax Payabl e Current liability Credit Balance sheet Federal Unempl oyment Tax Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet FIC A Tax Payabl e Current liability Credit Balance sheet Fi ni shed Goods Current asset Debit Balance sheet Gain on Disposal of Plant Assets Other income Credit Income statement Gain on Redemption of Bonds Extraordinary item Credit Income statement Gai n on Sal e of Investments Other income Credit Income statement Goodwill Intangible asset Debit Balance sheet Income Tax Income tax Debit Income statement Income Tax Payabl e Current liability Credit Balance sheet Insurance Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Interest Expense Other expense Debit Income statement Interest Income Other income Credit Income statement Interest Receivable Current asset Debit Balance sheet Investment in Bonds Investment Debit Balance sheet Investment in Stocks Investment Debit Balance sheet Investment in Subsidiary Investment Debit Balance sheet Land Plant asset Debit Balance sheet Loss on Disposal of Plant Assets Other expense Debit Income statement Loss on Redemption Bonds Extraordinary item Debit Income statement Loss on Sal e of Investments Other expense Debit Income statement Marketable Securities Current assets Debit Balance sheet Materials Current asset Debit Balance sheet Merchandi se Inventory Current asset/Cost of merchandise sold Debit Balance sheet/Income statement Notes Payable C urrent li abi l i ty/Long- term liability Credit Balance sheet Notes Receivable Current asset/Investment Debit Balance sheet Organization Costs Intangible asset Debit Balance sheet Patents Intangible asset Debit Balance sheet Pai d-In Capi tal from Sal e of Treasury Stock Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par (Stated Value) Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Payrol l Tax Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Pension Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Petty Cash Current asset Debit Balance sheet Premium on Bonds Payable Long-term liability Credit Balance sheet Prepai d Insurance Current asset Debit Balance sheet Prepaid Rent Current asset Debit Balance sheet Preferred Stock Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Purchases Cost of Merchandise sold Debit Income statement Purchases Discounts Cost of merchandise sold Credit Income statement Purchases Returns and Allowances Cost of merchandise sold Credit Income statement Rent Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement R ent Income Other income Credit Income statement Retained Earnings Shareholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet/Retained earnings statement Salaries Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Salaries Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet Sales R evenue from sal es Credit Income statement Sales Discounts R evenue from sal es Debit Income statement Sales Returns and Allowances R evenue from sal es Debit Income statement Sal es Tax Payabl e Current liability Credit Balance sheet Si nki ng Fund Cash Investment Debit Balance sheet Si nki ng Fund Investments Investment Debit Balance sheet State Unempl oyment Tax Payable Current liability Credit Balance sheet Stock Dividends Stockholders’ equity Debit Retained earnings statement Stock Dividends Distributable Stockholders’ equity Credit Balance sheet Supplies Current Asset Debit Balance sheet Supplies Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Transportati on In Cost of merchandise sold Debit Income statement Treasury Stock Stockholders’ equity Debit Balance sheet Uncollectible Accounts Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Unearned Rent Current liability Credit Balance sheet Utilities Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Vacation Pay Expense Operating expense Debit Income statement Vacation Pay Payable C urrent li abi l i ty/Long- term liability Credit Balance sheet Work in Process Current asset Debit Balance sheet