SQL Knowledge

1998

The ever popular Structured Query Language (SQL) has continued to be the standard language to access relational databases for almost two decades. As SQL is widely used by all major relational database management systems (RDBMS), there is an ongoing effort to standardize syntax and semantics in the SQL (ISO/IEC) standards SQL-92 and SQL3. The first part of this presentation will present and discuss current language support concepts and features in the ANSI SQL standards including character sets and encodings in SQL data types, identifiers and literals, translations, collations, conversions, string functions, error handling and messaging, and call-level interfaces. It will be shown that those features, as specified in the standards, are still not mature and need to be refined before being used by actual implementations. The second part of the presentation proposes changes and additions to make language support features in the SQL standards workable. Topics covered will include a discu...

Nokia was a synonym for the mobile phone industry for a long time; however, when it came into the era of smart phones, the former leader was under an awkward situation. Nokia sold its mobile phone business to Microsoft on September 3, 2013. A company following Kodak with the legendary color failed in the impact of the new technology revolution. This was a typical case of the subversion of an industry; therefore, the author believed that it was necessary to analyze the process. This paper studied Nokia's decline mainly from the three parts. First of all, looking back Nokia's development process from the glory to the decline, it can be divided into three stages: the transition period, the peak period and the decline period, followed by analyzing the reasons of its decline from three parts: Nokia executives' grasp for the market, the company's business strategy and business cooperation, and finally analyzing its inspiration for modern enterprises from the marketing perspective.

Epistemology and Biblical Theology pursues a coherent theory of knowledge as described across the Pentateuch and Mark's Gospel. As a work from the emerging field of philosophical criticism, this volume explores in each biblical text both narrative and paraenesis to assess what theory of knowledge might be presumed or advocated and the coherence of that structure across texts. In the Pentateuch and Mark, primacy is placed on heeding an authenticated and authoritative prophet, and then enacting the guidance given in order to see what is being shown—in order to know. Erroneous knowing follows the same boundaries: failure to attend to the proper authoritative voice or failure to enact guidance creates mistaken understanding. With a working construct of proper knowing in hand, points of contact with and difficulties for contemporary philosophical epistemologies are suggested. In the end, Michael Polanyi’s scientific epistemology emerges as the most commensurable view with knowing as it appears in these foundational biblical texts. Therefore, this book will be of interest to scholars working across the fields of Biblical studies and philosophy.

Following the material turn in the studies of religion, this Special Issue approaches religions as happening in and through a broad variety of material objects and phenomena and aims to focus on how religious materiality interacts with heritagization processes. The main research question would be how religious material objects and phenomena are transformed into heritages in various social, political and religious settings. Referring to new materiality, this Special Issue seeks to encourage analysis that attempts to scrutinize an active role and agency of material objects or spaces (e.g., architecture) themselves. The materiality of the human body and sensual experiences are also significant dimensions of the material culture of religion. How do these kinds of religious materiality reveal themselves in heritage production processes? How do various religious traditions interpret and approach materiality and what are the implications of these varying theologies in the context of globally promoted institutionalized heritage discourse? How do vernacular understandings of heritage, religion and materiality possibly challenge Western oriented interpretations of these terms?