... ome-School Dissonance: Longitudinal Effects on Adolescent Emotional and Academic Well-BeingRe... more ... ome-School Dissonance: Longitudinal Effects on Adolescent Emotional and Academic Well-BeingRevathy Arunkumar and Carol Midgley Combined Program in Education and Psychology University of Michigan Tim Urdan Department of Psychology Santa Clara University ...
The belief that schools can play a powerful role in preventing tobacco use among adolescents has ... more The belief that schools can play a powerful role in preventing tobacco use among adolescents has led to the implementation of various tobacco-related polices and practices. This study examines the association between school policies regarding monitoring student behavior, severity of action taken for infraction of policies, and tobacco use by staff, and student smoking behavior and attitudes. Data on students’ smoking behavior and attitudes were obtained from the 1999 and 2000 Monitoring the Future surveys of nationally representative samples of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students. Data on school policies and practices were obtained from administrators in those same schools. Hierarchical analyses using HLM5 were conducted. Strictness of monitoring was significantly negatively associated with daily cigarette use by middle school students. Permitting staff to smoke was significantly positively associated with students’ daily cigarette use and negatively with their disapproval of cigar...
annual meeting of the American Educational …, 2001
... and turn over the task of educating their children to teachers, maintaining minimal involveme... more ... and turn over the task of educating their children to teachers, maintaining minimal involvement ... skepticism about the value of getting an education for their future and enhancing ... The parental emotional support scale consisted of six items assessing students' perceptions that their ...
This study draws on insights from achievement goal theory and multicultural education to examine ... more This study draws on insights from achievement goal theory and multicultural education to examine the interrelated nature of preservice teachers’ biases and beliefs regarding culturally diverse students and the kind of instructional practices they are likely to pursue. Cluster analysis of cross-sectional data ( n = 784) suggests that approximately 25% of preservice teachers explicitly endorsed some stereotypic beliefs about poor and minority students and expressed some discomfort with student diversity. Analyses of variance results provide evidence that preservice teachers were significantly less biased and prejudiced and more likely to endorse adaptive instructional practices by the time they were ready to graduate from the teacher education program than they were during their 1st year in the program. Paired t-test results based on longitudinal data ( n = 79) suggest that some gains preservice teachers accrued midway through the program were lost when they were close to graduation. ...
This study examines the relationship between school norms of substance use disapproval (disapprov... more This study examines the relationship between school norms of substance use disapproval (disapproval by the student body) and students ’ use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Data came from nationally representative samples of 8th (N D 16,051), 10th (N D 13,251), and 12th (N D 8,797) grade students, attending 150, 140, and 142 schools, respectively. These students participated in the Monitoring the Future Project in 1999. Measures of school norms of dis-approval of substance use were obtained by aggregating students ’ personal disapproval of daily cigarette use, heavy drinking, and marijuana use within each school. Analysis using logistic nonlinear hierarchical models indicated that in general, school-level disapproval lowered the probability of students ’ use of these substances, controlling for their own disapproval and for student and school demographic characteristics. The beneficial effect of school-level dis-approval of cigarette and marijuana use on 8th-grade students ’ p...
John and Paul were friends who grew up in the same run-down housing project in a large in dustria... more John and Paul were friends who grew up in the same run-down housing project in a large in dustrial city. Their neighborhood was plagued by drugs and violence. By the time the boys were 10 years old and each had experienced several years of family conflict, their respective parents divorced. Each was subsequently raised, along with an older sibling and two younger siblings, by a single mother. Their fathers played only a minor role in their lives after the divorce. They were below average students in school and got into some trouble with the police as they were growing up. Both older siblings dropped out of school and spent time in prison. John finished high school and received two years of training in a local trade school. He is now 30 years old, works at a local factory, and lives with his wife and two children. John is happy, healthy, and well adapted to his life in a nice neighborhood in the city. He hopes to help send his children to college so they might have opportunities in l...
... ome-School Dissonance: Longitudinal Effects on Adolescent Emotional and Academic Well-BeingRe... more ... ome-School Dissonance: Longitudinal Effects on Adolescent Emotional and Academic Well-BeingRevathy Arunkumar and Carol Midgley Combined Program in Education and Psychology University of Michigan Tim Urdan Department of Psychology Santa Clara University ...
The belief that schools can play a powerful role in preventing tobacco use among adolescents has ... more The belief that schools can play a powerful role in preventing tobacco use among adolescents has led to the implementation of various tobacco-related polices and practices. This study examines the association between school policies regarding monitoring student behavior, severity of action taken for infraction of policies, and tobacco use by staff, and student smoking behavior and attitudes. Data on students’ smoking behavior and attitudes were obtained from the 1999 and 2000 Monitoring the Future surveys of nationally representative samples of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students. Data on school policies and practices were obtained from administrators in those same schools. Hierarchical analyses using HLM5 were conducted. Strictness of monitoring was significantly negatively associated with daily cigarette use by middle school students. Permitting staff to smoke was significantly positively associated with students’ daily cigarette use and negatively with their disapproval of cigar...
annual meeting of the American Educational …, 2001
... and turn over the task of educating their children to teachers, maintaining minimal involveme... more ... and turn over the task of educating their children to teachers, maintaining minimal involvement ... skepticism about the value of getting an education for their future and enhancing ... The parental emotional support scale consisted of six items assessing students' perceptions that their ...
This study draws on insights from achievement goal theory and multicultural education to examine ... more This study draws on insights from achievement goal theory and multicultural education to examine the interrelated nature of preservice teachers’ biases and beliefs regarding culturally diverse students and the kind of instructional practices they are likely to pursue. Cluster analysis of cross-sectional data ( n = 784) suggests that approximately 25% of preservice teachers explicitly endorsed some stereotypic beliefs about poor and minority students and expressed some discomfort with student diversity. Analyses of variance results provide evidence that preservice teachers were significantly less biased and prejudiced and more likely to endorse adaptive instructional practices by the time they were ready to graduate from the teacher education program than they were during their 1st year in the program. Paired t-test results based on longitudinal data ( n = 79) suggest that some gains preservice teachers accrued midway through the program were lost when they were close to graduation. ...
This study examines the relationship between school norms of substance use disapproval (disapprov... more This study examines the relationship between school norms of substance use disapproval (disapproval by the student body) and students ’ use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Data came from nationally representative samples of 8th (N D 16,051), 10th (N D 13,251), and 12th (N D 8,797) grade students, attending 150, 140, and 142 schools, respectively. These students participated in the Monitoring the Future Project in 1999. Measures of school norms of dis-approval of substance use were obtained by aggregating students ’ personal disapproval of daily cigarette use, heavy drinking, and marijuana use within each school. Analysis using logistic nonlinear hierarchical models indicated that in general, school-level disapproval lowered the probability of students ’ use of these substances, controlling for their own disapproval and for student and school demographic characteristics. The beneficial effect of school-level dis-approval of cigarette and marijuana use on 8th-grade students ’ p...
John and Paul were friends who grew up in the same run-down housing project in a large in dustria... more John and Paul were friends who grew up in the same run-down housing project in a large in dustrial city. Their neighborhood was plagued by drugs and violence. By the time the boys were 10 years old and each had experienced several years of family conflict, their respective parents divorced. Each was subsequently raised, along with an older sibling and two younger siblings, by a single mother. Their fathers played only a minor role in their lives after the divorce. They were below average students in school and got into some trouble with the police as they were growing up. Both older siblings dropped out of school and spent time in prison. John finished high school and received two years of training in a local trade school. He is now 30 years old, works at a local factory, and lives with his wife and two children. John is happy, healthy, and well adapted to his life in a nice neighborhood in the city. He hopes to help send his children to college so they might have opportunities in l...
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