Publisher Summary Most of the tissue engineering strategies developed for the creation of hard ti... more Publisher Summary Most of the tissue engineering strategies developed for the creation of hard tissue substitutes relies on the use of a temporary three dimensional (3-D) scaffold material in which cells are seeded and in vitro cultured prior to implantation. In this type of strategy, the formation of new tissue is deeply influenced by the 3D environment provided by the scaffolds, namely their composition, porous architecture and their biological response to implanted cells and/or surrounding tissues. To meet all the necessary requirements, scaffold materials must be fabricated from polymers with adequate properties, but many of the scaffold's features are also dictated by the processing methodology used to fabricate them. Biocompatibility is the first obvious demand, but an ideal tissue engineering scaffold should also exhibit appropriate mechanical properties. The scaffold must possess adequate porosity, interconnectivity and permeability to allow the ingress of cells and nutrients as well as the appropriate surface chemistry for enhanced cell attachment and proliferation.
Mesenchymal stem cells have a great potential for application in cell based therapies, such as ti... more Mesenchymal stem cells have a great potential for application in cell based therapies, such as tissue engineering. Adipose derived stem cells have shown the capacity to differentiate into several lineages, and have been isolated in many animal species. Dog is a very relevant animal model to study several human diseases and simultaneously an important subject in veterinary medicine. Thus, in this study we assessed the potential of canine adipose tissue derived stem cells (cASCs) to differentiate into the osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages by performing specific histological stainings, and studied the cell passaging effect on the cASCs stemness and osteogenic potential. We also evaluated the effect of the anatomical origin of the adipose tissue, namely from abdominal subcutaneous layer and from greater omentum. The stemness and osteogenic differentiation was followed by real time RT-PCR analysis of typical markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts. The results obtained revealed that cASCs exhibit a progressively decreased expression of the MSCs markers along passages and also a decreased osteogenic differentiation potential. In the author's knowledge, this work presents the first data about the MSCs markers profile and osteogenic potential of cASCs along cellular expansion. Moreover, the obtained data showed that the anatomical origin of the adipose tissue has an evident effect in the differentiation potential of the ASCs. Due to the observed resemblances with the human ASCs, we conclude that canine ASCs can be used as a model cells in tissue engineering research envisioning human applications.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, Jan 28, 2014
Carrageenans are highly sulphated galactans, well-known for their thermogelation properties which... more Carrageenans are highly sulphated galactans, well-known for their thermogelation properties which have been extensively exploited in food and cosmetics industry but poorly explored in the biomedicine field. In this study, we have assessed the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of κ-carrageenan hydrogels that have been explored for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the materials using a L929 mouse fibroblast cell line was evaluated, and the effect of κ-carrageenan hydrogels on the activation of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils cells (hPMNs) was also evaluated by the quantification of reactive oxygen species by chemiluminescence. Subsequently, the inflammatory/immune reaction to κ-carrageenan hydrogels on subcutaneous implantation was studied in rats. Explants were retrieved after 1 and 2 weeks of implantation for histological and RT-PCR analysis. The cytotoxicity screening revealed that κ-carrageenan hydrogels did not significantly affect L929 metabolic activity. Moreover, hPMNs contact with κ-carrageenan resulted in a reduced and a neglectable signal regarding the detection of superoxide and hydroxyl anions, respectively. The results from the in vivo experiments indicated that κ-carrageenan induce a low inflammatory response. Overall, the data obtained suggest that κ-carrageenan hydrogels are biocompatible and thus can be further studied for their use in target biomedical applications.
The tooth is made up of three mineralized tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, which surround a... more The tooth is made up of three mineralized tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, which surround a non-mineralized tissue called the dental pulp. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) is an imaging technology based on X-rays that allows non-invasive visualization of objects at a microscopic scale, according to their radiopacity and in three dimensions (3D). Likewise, it allows the subsequent execution of morphological and quantitative analysis of the objects, such as, for example, the determination of the relative mineral density (MD). The present work aimed to describe the MD of feline teeth using mCT. The studied sample consisted of four European Shorthair cats, from which nine canine teeth were extracted per medical indication. These teeth were evaluated through dental radiography before and after their extraction. Using mCT and the CTAn software, the values of the relative mineral density of the root of each tooth and of specific segments corresponding to the coronal, middle, and apica...
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malig... more Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malignant tumor is locally invasive, has a high mortality rate, and its etiology is not yet known. In humans, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Herein, a critical review about the potential etiologic factors of FOSCC was performed, considering publications between 2000 and 2022, aiming to synthesize all available scientific evidence regarding this issue. Recommendations of the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Collaboration were followed and the PubMed database searched by using the MeSH terms MeSH terms “oral”, “mouth”, “lingual”, “labial”, “gingiva”, “carcinoma”, “squamous”, and “feline”. The selection process for eligible studies was based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality of the studies assessed. The initial search resulted in 553 publications, with only 26 of these be...
Genetic variability is the main cause of phenotypic variation. Some variants may be associated wi... more Genetic variability is the main cause of phenotypic variation. Some variants may be associated with several diseases and can be used as risk biomarkers, identifying animals with higher susceptibility to develop the pathology. Genomic medicine uses this genetic information for risk calculation, clinical diagnosis and prognosis, allowing the implementation of more effective preventive strategies and/or personalized therapies. Periodontal disease (PD) is the inflammation of the periodontium induced mainly by bacterial plaque and is the leading cause of tooth loss. Microbial factors are responsible for the PD initiation; however, several studies support the genetic influence on the PD progression. The main purpose of the present publication is to highlight the main steps involved in the genomic medicine applied to veterinary patients, describing the flowchart from the characterization of the genetic variants to the identification of potential associations with specific clinical data. Af...
A 3-to-4-year-old roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital. Alth... more A 3-to-4-year-old roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital. Although it showed well-developed antlers with retained velvet, an external female appearance and genitalia were evident. External biometrical measurements were taken for the antlers, and a computed tomography was performed. Molecular studies targeting the SRY gene were performed, and a PIS (polled intersex syndrome) mutation diagnosis was implemented. The gonads consisted of a right testicle paired with a left ovotestis. Histologically, the ovary-like structures in the ovotestis were functional, but the testis, as the testis-like structure in the ovotestis, did not show active spermatogenesis. No evidence of SRY gene was detected by PCR, suggesting an XX-chromosome constitution. Additionally, polled intersex syndrome (PIS) deletion was not detected in the case under study. The clinical and histopathological findings confirmed the DSD with the presence of a testicle and a contralateral ovote...
O Complexo Gengivite-Estomatite-Faringite Felino e uma doenca frequente nestes animais e caracter... more O Complexo Gengivite-Estomatite-Faringite Felino e uma doenca frequente nestes animais e caracteriza-se por uma intensa inflamacao da cavidade oral e das gengivas. Afeta, principalmente, gatos adultos com cerca de 8 anos de idade, nao havendo predisposicao sexual. A etiologia nao e claramente conhecida, mas suspeita-se que determinadas bacterias, alguns virus, a alimentacao, o ambiente e episodios de stresse, ou uma conjugacao destes fatores com fatores geneticos, estejam na origem desta doenca. Atualmente, cre-se que a causa mais importante seja o calicivirus felino. Os sinais clinicos mais frequentemente visualizados sao inapetencia, disfagia, anorexia, ptialismo, halitose e perda de peso. Para a obtencao do diagnostico definitivo realiza-se a pesquisa de calicivirus por PCR (reacao em cadeia da polimerase) e a eletroforese de proteinas para evidenciacao de gamopatia policlonal.
Silk has been used in several biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery... more Silk has been used in several biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, biomedical implants, diagnostic medical devices due to its attractive intrinsic properties...
Publisher Summary Most of the tissue engineering strategies developed for the creation of hard ti... more Publisher Summary Most of the tissue engineering strategies developed for the creation of hard tissue substitutes relies on the use of a temporary three dimensional (3-D) scaffold material in which cells are seeded and in vitro cultured prior to implantation. In this type of strategy, the formation of new tissue is deeply influenced by the 3D environment provided by the scaffolds, namely their composition, porous architecture and their biological response to implanted cells and/or surrounding tissues. To meet all the necessary requirements, scaffold materials must be fabricated from polymers with adequate properties, but many of the scaffold's features are also dictated by the processing methodology used to fabricate them. Biocompatibility is the first obvious demand, but an ideal tissue engineering scaffold should also exhibit appropriate mechanical properties. The scaffold must possess adequate porosity, interconnectivity and permeability to allow the ingress of cells and nutrients as well as the appropriate surface chemistry for enhanced cell attachment and proliferation.
Mesenchymal stem cells have a great potential for application in cell based therapies, such as ti... more Mesenchymal stem cells have a great potential for application in cell based therapies, such as tissue engineering. Adipose derived stem cells have shown the capacity to differentiate into several lineages, and have been isolated in many animal species. Dog is a very relevant animal model to study several human diseases and simultaneously an important subject in veterinary medicine. Thus, in this study we assessed the potential of canine adipose tissue derived stem cells (cASCs) to differentiate into the osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages by performing specific histological stainings, and studied the cell passaging effect on the cASCs stemness and osteogenic potential. We also evaluated the effect of the anatomical origin of the adipose tissue, namely from abdominal subcutaneous layer and from greater omentum. The stemness and osteogenic differentiation was followed by real time RT-PCR analysis of typical markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts. The results obtained revealed that cASCs exhibit a progressively decreased expression of the MSCs markers along passages and also a decreased osteogenic differentiation potential. In the author's knowledge, this work presents the first data about the MSCs markers profile and osteogenic potential of cASCs along cellular expansion. Moreover, the obtained data showed that the anatomical origin of the adipose tissue has an evident effect in the differentiation potential of the ASCs. Due to the observed resemblances with the human ASCs, we conclude that canine ASCs can be used as a model cells in tissue engineering research envisioning human applications.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, Jan 28, 2014
Carrageenans are highly sulphated galactans, well-known for their thermogelation properties which... more Carrageenans are highly sulphated galactans, well-known for their thermogelation properties which have been extensively exploited in food and cosmetics industry but poorly explored in the biomedicine field. In this study, we have assessed the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of κ-carrageenan hydrogels that have been explored for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the materials using a L929 mouse fibroblast cell line was evaluated, and the effect of κ-carrageenan hydrogels on the activation of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils cells (hPMNs) was also evaluated by the quantification of reactive oxygen species by chemiluminescence. Subsequently, the inflammatory/immune reaction to κ-carrageenan hydrogels on subcutaneous implantation was studied in rats. Explants were retrieved after 1 and 2 weeks of implantation for histological and RT-PCR analysis. The cytotoxicity screening revealed that κ-carrageenan hydrogels did not significantly affect L929 metabolic activity. Moreover, hPMNs contact with κ-carrageenan resulted in a reduced and a neglectable signal regarding the detection of superoxide and hydroxyl anions, respectively. The results from the in vivo experiments indicated that κ-carrageenan induce a low inflammatory response. Overall, the data obtained suggest that κ-carrageenan hydrogels are biocompatible and thus can be further studied for their use in target biomedical applications.
The tooth is made up of three mineralized tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, which surround a... more The tooth is made up of three mineralized tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, which surround a non-mineralized tissue called the dental pulp. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) is an imaging technology based on X-rays that allows non-invasive visualization of objects at a microscopic scale, according to their radiopacity and in three dimensions (3D). Likewise, it allows the subsequent execution of morphological and quantitative analysis of the objects, such as, for example, the determination of the relative mineral density (MD). The present work aimed to describe the MD of feline teeth using mCT. The studied sample consisted of four European Shorthair cats, from which nine canine teeth were extracted per medical indication. These teeth were evaluated through dental radiography before and after their extraction. Using mCT and the CTAn software, the values of the relative mineral density of the root of each tooth and of specific segments corresponding to the coronal, middle, and apica...
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malig... more Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malignant tumor is locally invasive, has a high mortality rate, and its etiology is not yet known. In humans, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Herein, a critical review about the potential etiologic factors of FOSCC was performed, considering publications between 2000 and 2022, aiming to synthesize all available scientific evidence regarding this issue. Recommendations of the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Collaboration were followed and the PubMed database searched by using the MeSH terms MeSH terms “oral”, “mouth”, “lingual”, “labial”, “gingiva”, “carcinoma”, “squamous”, and “feline”. The selection process for eligible studies was based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality of the studies assessed. The initial search resulted in 553 publications, with only 26 of these be...
Genetic variability is the main cause of phenotypic variation. Some variants may be associated wi... more Genetic variability is the main cause of phenotypic variation. Some variants may be associated with several diseases and can be used as risk biomarkers, identifying animals with higher susceptibility to develop the pathology. Genomic medicine uses this genetic information for risk calculation, clinical diagnosis and prognosis, allowing the implementation of more effective preventive strategies and/or personalized therapies. Periodontal disease (PD) is the inflammation of the periodontium induced mainly by bacterial plaque and is the leading cause of tooth loss. Microbial factors are responsible for the PD initiation; however, several studies support the genetic influence on the PD progression. The main purpose of the present publication is to highlight the main steps involved in the genomic medicine applied to veterinary patients, describing the flowchart from the characterization of the genetic variants to the identification of potential associations with specific clinical data. Af...
A 3-to-4-year-old roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital. Alth... more A 3-to-4-year-old roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital. Although it showed well-developed antlers with retained velvet, an external female appearance and genitalia were evident. External biometrical measurements were taken for the antlers, and a computed tomography was performed. Molecular studies targeting the SRY gene were performed, and a PIS (polled intersex syndrome) mutation diagnosis was implemented. The gonads consisted of a right testicle paired with a left ovotestis. Histologically, the ovary-like structures in the ovotestis were functional, but the testis, as the testis-like structure in the ovotestis, did not show active spermatogenesis. No evidence of SRY gene was detected by PCR, suggesting an XX-chromosome constitution. Additionally, polled intersex syndrome (PIS) deletion was not detected in the case under study. The clinical and histopathological findings confirmed the DSD with the presence of a testicle and a contralateral ovote...
O Complexo Gengivite-Estomatite-Faringite Felino e uma doenca frequente nestes animais e caracter... more O Complexo Gengivite-Estomatite-Faringite Felino e uma doenca frequente nestes animais e caracteriza-se por uma intensa inflamacao da cavidade oral e das gengivas. Afeta, principalmente, gatos adultos com cerca de 8 anos de idade, nao havendo predisposicao sexual. A etiologia nao e claramente conhecida, mas suspeita-se que determinadas bacterias, alguns virus, a alimentacao, o ambiente e episodios de stresse, ou uma conjugacao destes fatores com fatores geneticos, estejam na origem desta doenca. Atualmente, cre-se que a causa mais importante seja o calicivirus felino. Os sinais clinicos mais frequentemente visualizados sao inapetencia, disfagia, anorexia, ptialismo, halitose e perda de peso. Para a obtencao do diagnostico definitivo realiza-se a pesquisa de calicivirus por PCR (reacao em cadeia da polimerase) e a eletroforese de proteinas para evidenciacao de gamopatia policlonal.
Silk has been used in several biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery... more Silk has been used in several biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, biomedical implants, diagnostic medical devices due to its attractive intrinsic properties...
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