Instream barriers such as waterfalls and man-made dams may result in distinct fish assemblages on... more Instream barriers such as waterfalls and man-made dams may result in distinct fish assemblages on both sides of the barriers. To determine the influence of these barriers on fish assemblages, a study was conducted in Sungai Enam that have substantial barriers including an 18-m high waterfall with 6.1% slope. Fish were captured using a backpack electrofishing gear together with scoop nets. Thirteen fish species from six families were recorded along this stream, but only Poropuntius smedleyi (Cyprinidae) can be found along the stream and the reach above the waterfall. Studies on a second site, Sungai Kooi, that has a 65m high and 90° slope waterfall, revealed eight fish species from three families, but only P. smedleyi and Devario regina (Cyprinidae) occurred above the waterfall. The number of species in both streams increases from upstream to downstream. A chi-square test revealed that the total number of species among reaches in Sungai Enam differed significantly. Fish species found...
A study on the migratory behavior and condition of potamodramous Thynnichthys thynnoides and its ... more A study on the migratory behavior and condition of potamodramous Thynnichthys thynnoides and its environmental attributes was studied from May to October 2015 in Rui River, the main tributary of Perak River. The migration pattern and condition of T. thynnoides were examined by using two catch techniques which are active (scoop net) and passive (gill net) sampling, while water quality parameters were determined by using standard methods. Thynnichthys thynnoides were caught between August and October as the migration season began, with peak migration occurring in September and October. The longest observed migration from the refugee habitat to the possible spawning ground was 52 km. There was a significant variation in turbidity concentration between spawning and non-spawning seasons (F = 13.23, P < 0.05). The length-weight relationships of T. thynnoides exhibited isometric body growth, and the condition of T. thynnoides declined over the spawning migration. From these results, it was concluded that the migration of T. thynnoides was dependent on environmental conditions.
This study was conducted to evaluate the physical habitat of spawning areas for Thynnicthys thynn... more This study was conducted to evaluate the physical habitat of spawning areas for Thynnicthys thynnoides (T. thynnoides) in the Rui River, Gerik, Perak. Five sampling sites of Rui River's floodplain were chosen. Sampling was conducted between May and October 2015 by using a visual-based habitat assessment developed for Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish. This study showed that T. thynnoides still migrated to the upper stream of Rui River during spawning season mainly in August. Habitat assessment scoring indicated that the physical habitat structure of Rui River fell into a suboptimal category, which was most likely able to support fish populations and thus providing a suitable habitat for T. thynnoides during the spawning season. Conclusively, it was observed that the T. thynnoides population was dependent on environmental conditions.
A study on fish diversity and community of two reservoirs in Hulu Gerik was carried out from Augu... more A study on fish diversity and community of two reservoirs in Hulu Gerik was carried out from August 2009 to December 2009. The two selected reservoirs were Temengor Reservoir and Bersia Reservoir. The aim of this study is to compare the community structures of freshwater fish population between these two reservoirs. A total of 15 species which comprise of six families were recorded in this study. Twelve species were recorded in Temengor Reservoir whereas 13 species were recorded in Bersia Reservoir. The best represented family in both reservoirs was Cyprinidae with eight species in Temengor Reservoir and seven species in Bersia Reservoir. Cyclocheilichthys apogon was selected for the length-weight relationship and condition factor analysis. C. apogon showed a better growth in Bersia Reservoir in comparison to Temengor Reservoir.
Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHP) involved the construction of two new dams which led ... more Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHP) involved the construction of two new dams which led to the creation of Puah Reservoir with 60 km 2 surface areas and Tembat Reservoir (1.3 km 2 ). As a result, there are changes of the existing physicochemical water quality properties from the lotic condition to lentic, which indirectly impact the presence of aquatic organisms, especially fishes at the proposed project areas. The purpose of this paper is to provide the existing fish checklist and conservation status related to future perspective on fisheries management via public stocking. Multiple fishing gears such as long line, different mesh size of gillnets, cast net, and electro-shocker were used in this study covering prior construction, during construction and operation phase of development. No protected fish species under Terengganu Fish Act was sampled during the study. A total of 29 fish species were recorded with cyprinids as the dominant fish family caught in HTHP. The presen...
Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, 2021
COVID-19 cases have now been confirmed in every country in the world, and to slow the spread of t... more COVID-19 cases have now been confirmed in every country in the world, and to slow the spread of the virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) has urged infected countries to impose several containment and suppression measures. Supply chain disruptions are among one of the most vulnerable food sector caused by the aspects of COVID-19 disease control (i.e., lockdown, travel restriction, or movement control order (MCO)). Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on marine food security supply chain and management in Malaysia. To achieve this, the study systematically and specifically addresses the following objectives: (i) to review available literature on Southeast Asia food supply management and COVID-19; (ii) to conduct a survey on purchasing method preferences and perception on marine fish supplies availability; and (iii) to recommend relevant intervention and policy development to improve well-being and livelihood status among the study population. The national survey was conducted from June 1 to September 30, 2020 through Google Forms. The results from the systematic review showed that there are eight main articles within the research areas of COVID-19 and supply chain, which have been focused only in the Southeast Asia region. The web survey results indicated that the self-visit methods for marine fish supplies were the main methods before the COVID-19 pandemic, and were decreased during the MCO period. The study also indicated that the respondents genders and types of living area affected their perceptions of marine fish supplies sources and distribution. Additionally, some respondents decided to use delivery services as well as booking and purchasing via phone and online, which includes the use of social media.
Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research, 2017
Fish from three major rivers, namely the Kelantan River (KR) and the Galas River (GR) in Kelantan... more Fish from three major rivers, namely the Kelantan River (KR) and the Galas River (GR) in Kelantan, and the Perak River (PR) in Perak, Malaysia, were caught using gill nets with different mesh sizes, cast nets, and the electroshock method. There were 14 fishes representing five families and five fish species were collected from the Kelantan systems in February 2015. While the Galas system holds more fish, 48 individual fishes comprising of four families and 10 fish species were found there. A total of 213 fish specimens representing 10 families and 22 species were captured in PR in May 2015. For diversity index, PR had the highest value due to the catchment area and the environmental condition: Shannon-Weiner index (H’) (2.54), Species Evenness (J’) (0.73) and Simpson’s Dominance (D’) (8.93), compared to GR (H’) (2.09) (J’) (0.603) (D’) (6.52) and KR (H’) (1.62) (J’) (0.47) (D’) (5.62).
The nest is one of the crucial elements in orangutan daily activities. Previously, most of the ne... more The nest is one of the crucial elements in orangutan daily activities. Previously, most of the nest structure studies were done manually by estimating measurement directly from visual observation. However, using the latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, we can reduce the workforce, time and energy while simultaneously ensuring the safety of the researcher conducting nest structure analysis. We recorded 49 pictures of orangutan nests at Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre (SORC) using UAV (DJI Phantom 3 Quadcopter). The nest structure (length, depth, and width) was digitally measured by using ImageJ. Most of the nests were built at a strong, stable, and comfortable position at the top of the tree. Most orangutans chose Eusideroxylon zwageri to build nest compared to other tree species because of the strong and durable wood characteristic which would create a sturdy, strong and comfortable nest. We propose the use of drone with digital image analysis could provide a mor...
An inventory study of fishes was carried out from June 2003 to May 2004 at Sungai Enam and Sungai... more An inventory study of fishes was carried out from June 2003 to May 2004 at Sungai Enam and Sungai Telang, which was last logged 40 years ago. In spite of the negative impacts of logging, the study recorded a total of 21 fish species in these headwaters, comprising nine families. Sungai Telang recorded 19 species with 11 species classified as “locally rare”, whereas Sungai Enam recorded 11 species with nine species classified as “locally rare”. When species from previous studies were included, the total number of species recorded in Sungai Enam and Sungai Telang was 28 and 27 species respectively. The presence of Devario regina, Neolissochilus soroides and Poropuntius smedleyi in all inventory studies conducted indicate that both headwaters are healthy, and function as sources of clean water, nutrient supplies and fish recruits for Temengor Reservoir.
The framework of nutrient dynamics investigation of four dams located in series along the Perak R... more The framework of nutrient dynamics investigation of four dams located in series along the Perak River centered around the Serial Discontinuity Concept (SDC) and the Cascading Reservoir Continuum Concept (CRCC). After an-18 month study, the integrated influences of discontinuity and cascading on nutrient and seston transport dynamics were operative in dynamic juxtaposition along the river’s continuum, and depended on distance between dams and presence and size of tributary streams. However, principal tributaries along the four serial dams in the Perak River appeared to have little spatial influence on their respective system’s nutrient and seston dynamics due to dilution effects of mainstem discharges. Effects of ecosystem fragmentation along the river’s continuum on in-situ, nutrients and seston transport dynamics existed, but not necessarily in line with the SDC nor in line with the CRCC. The dynamics of in-situ, nutrient, and seston were more associated with land use, reservoir su...
Zarul Hazrin Hashim1, 2*, Asmah Patiroi1, Mashhor Mansor1, Shahrul Anuar Md. Sah1, Donald C. Jack... more Zarul Hazrin Hashim1, 2*, Asmah Patiroi1, Mashhor Mansor1, Shahrul Anuar Md. Sah1, Donald C. Jackson2 (1. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; 2. Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, ...
Out of the 1000 species of freshwater fish documented in the South-East Asian Tropics, 420 specie... more Out of the 1000 species of freshwater fish documented in the South-East Asian Tropics, 420 species can be found in Malaysia. Based on experimental gill net studies, Perak River recorded a total of 107 fish species, which comprises of 33 families with Cyprinidae as the dominant family, with 43 species. The fluctuating number of species and species replacement in the upstream direction in this river reflects the orientation of the River Continuum Concept. Gradient changes of salinity, habitat heterogeneity, water velocity and riverbed materials are some of the factors that may contribute to the fluctuation and species replacement.
Instream barriers such as waterfalls and man-made dams may result in distinct fish assemblages on... more Instream barriers such as waterfalls and man-made dams may result in distinct fish assemblages on both sides of the barriers. To determine the influence of these barriers on fish assemblages, a study was conducted in Sungai Enam that have substantial barriers including an 18-m high waterfall with 6.1% slope. Fish were captured using a backpack electrofishing gear together with scoop nets. Thirteen fish species from six families were recorded along this stream, but only Poropuntius smedleyi (Cyprinidae) can be found along the stream and the reach above the waterfall. Studies on a second site, Sungai Kooi, that has a 65m high and 90° slope waterfall, revealed eight fish species from three families, but only P. smedleyi and Devario regina (Cyprinidae) occurred above the waterfall. The number of species in both streams increases from upstream to downstream. A chi-square test revealed that the total number of species among reaches in Sungai Enam differed significantly. Fish species found...
A study on the migratory behavior and condition of potamodramous Thynnichthys thynnoides and its ... more A study on the migratory behavior and condition of potamodramous Thynnichthys thynnoides and its environmental attributes was studied from May to October 2015 in Rui River, the main tributary of Perak River. The migration pattern and condition of T. thynnoides were examined by using two catch techniques which are active (scoop net) and passive (gill net) sampling, while water quality parameters were determined by using standard methods. Thynnichthys thynnoides were caught between August and October as the migration season began, with peak migration occurring in September and October. The longest observed migration from the refugee habitat to the possible spawning ground was 52 km. There was a significant variation in turbidity concentration between spawning and non-spawning seasons (F = 13.23, P < 0.05). The length-weight relationships of T. thynnoides exhibited isometric body growth, and the condition of T. thynnoides declined over the spawning migration. From these results, it was concluded that the migration of T. thynnoides was dependent on environmental conditions.
This study was conducted to evaluate the physical habitat of spawning areas for Thynnicthys thynn... more This study was conducted to evaluate the physical habitat of spawning areas for Thynnicthys thynnoides (T. thynnoides) in the Rui River, Gerik, Perak. Five sampling sites of Rui River's floodplain were chosen. Sampling was conducted between May and October 2015 by using a visual-based habitat assessment developed for Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish. This study showed that T. thynnoides still migrated to the upper stream of Rui River during spawning season mainly in August. Habitat assessment scoring indicated that the physical habitat structure of Rui River fell into a suboptimal category, which was most likely able to support fish populations and thus providing a suitable habitat for T. thynnoides during the spawning season. Conclusively, it was observed that the T. thynnoides population was dependent on environmental conditions.
A study on fish diversity and community of two reservoirs in Hulu Gerik was carried out from Augu... more A study on fish diversity and community of two reservoirs in Hulu Gerik was carried out from August 2009 to December 2009. The two selected reservoirs were Temengor Reservoir and Bersia Reservoir. The aim of this study is to compare the community structures of freshwater fish population between these two reservoirs. A total of 15 species which comprise of six families were recorded in this study. Twelve species were recorded in Temengor Reservoir whereas 13 species were recorded in Bersia Reservoir. The best represented family in both reservoirs was Cyprinidae with eight species in Temengor Reservoir and seven species in Bersia Reservoir. Cyclocheilichthys apogon was selected for the length-weight relationship and condition factor analysis. C. apogon showed a better growth in Bersia Reservoir in comparison to Temengor Reservoir.
Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHP) involved the construction of two new dams which led ... more Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHP) involved the construction of two new dams which led to the creation of Puah Reservoir with 60 km 2 surface areas and Tembat Reservoir (1.3 km 2 ). As a result, there are changes of the existing physicochemical water quality properties from the lotic condition to lentic, which indirectly impact the presence of aquatic organisms, especially fishes at the proposed project areas. The purpose of this paper is to provide the existing fish checklist and conservation status related to future perspective on fisheries management via public stocking. Multiple fishing gears such as long line, different mesh size of gillnets, cast net, and electro-shocker were used in this study covering prior construction, during construction and operation phase of development. No protected fish species under Terengganu Fish Act was sampled during the study. A total of 29 fish species were recorded with cyprinids as the dominant fish family caught in HTHP. The presen...
Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, 2021
COVID-19 cases have now been confirmed in every country in the world, and to slow the spread of t... more COVID-19 cases have now been confirmed in every country in the world, and to slow the spread of the virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) has urged infected countries to impose several containment and suppression measures. Supply chain disruptions are among one of the most vulnerable food sector caused by the aspects of COVID-19 disease control (i.e., lockdown, travel restriction, or movement control order (MCO)). Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on marine food security supply chain and management in Malaysia. To achieve this, the study systematically and specifically addresses the following objectives: (i) to review available literature on Southeast Asia food supply management and COVID-19; (ii) to conduct a survey on purchasing method preferences and perception on marine fish supplies availability; and (iii) to recommend relevant intervention and policy development to improve well-being and livelihood status among the study population. The national survey was conducted from June 1 to September 30, 2020 through Google Forms. The results from the systematic review showed that there are eight main articles within the research areas of COVID-19 and supply chain, which have been focused only in the Southeast Asia region. The web survey results indicated that the self-visit methods for marine fish supplies were the main methods before the COVID-19 pandemic, and were decreased during the MCO period. The study also indicated that the respondents genders and types of living area affected their perceptions of marine fish supplies sources and distribution. Additionally, some respondents decided to use delivery services as well as booking and purchasing via phone and online, which includes the use of social media.
Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research, 2017
Fish from three major rivers, namely the Kelantan River (KR) and the Galas River (GR) in Kelantan... more Fish from three major rivers, namely the Kelantan River (KR) and the Galas River (GR) in Kelantan, and the Perak River (PR) in Perak, Malaysia, were caught using gill nets with different mesh sizes, cast nets, and the electroshock method. There were 14 fishes representing five families and five fish species were collected from the Kelantan systems in February 2015. While the Galas system holds more fish, 48 individual fishes comprising of four families and 10 fish species were found there. A total of 213 fish specimens representing 10 families and 22 species were captured in PR in May 2015. For diversity index, PR had the highest value due to the catchment area and the environmental condition: Shannon-Weiner index (H’) (2.54), Species Evenness (J’) (0.73) and Simpson’s Dominance (D’) (8.93), compared to GR (H’) (2.09) (J’) (0.603) (D’) (6.52) and KR (H’) (1.62) (J’) (0.47) (D’) (5.62).
The nest is one of the crucial elements in orangutan daily activities. Previously, most of the ne... more The nest is one of the crucial elements in orangutan daily activities. Previously, most of the nest structure studies were done manually by estimating measurement directly from visual observation. However, using the latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, we can reduce the workforce, time and energy while simultaneously ensuring the safety of the researcher conducting nest structure analysis. We recorded 49 pictures of orangutan nests at Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre (SORC) using UAV (DJI Phantom 3 Quadcopter). The nest structure (length, depth, and width) was digitally measured by using ImageJ. Most of the nests were built at a strong, stable, and comfortable position at the top of the tree. Most orangutans chose Eusideroxylon zwageri to build nest compared to other tree species because of the strong and durable wood characteristic which would create a sturdy, strong and comfortable nest. We propose the use of drone with digital image analysis could provide a mor...
An inventory study of fishes was carried out from June 2003 to May 2004 at Sungai Enam and Sungai... more An inventory study of fishes was carried out from June 2003 to May 2004 at Sungai Enam and Sungai Telang, which was last logged 40 years ago. In spite of the negative impacts of logging, the study recorded a total of 21 fish species in these headwaters, comprising nine families. Sungai Telang recorded 19 species with 11 species classified as “locally rare”, whereas Sungai Enam recorded 11 species with nine species classified as “locally rare”. When species from previous studies were included, the total number of species recorded in Sungai Enam and Sungai Telang was 28 and 27 species respectively. The presence of Devario regina, Neolissochilus soroides and Poropuntius smedleyi in all inventory studies conducted indicate that both headwaters are healthy, and function as sources of clean water, nutrient supplies and fish recruits for Temengor Reservoir.
The framework of nutrient dynamics investigation of four dams located in series along the Perak R... more The framework of nutrient dynamics investigation of four dams located in series along the Perak River centered around the Serial Discontinuity Concept (SDC) and the Cascading Reservoir Continuum Concept (CRCC). After an-18 month study, the integrated influences of discontinuity and cascading on nutrient and seston transport dynamics were operative in dynamic juxtaposition along the river’s continuum, and depended on distance between dams and presence and size of tributary streams. However, principal tributaries along the four serial dams in the Perak River appeared to have little spatial influence on their respective system’s nutrient and seston dynamics due to dilution effects of mainstem discharges. Effects of ecosystem fragmentation along the river’s continuum on in-situ, nutrients and seston transport dynamics existed, but not necessarily in line with the SDC nor in line with the CRCC. The dynamics of in-situ, nutrient, and seston were more associated with land use, reservoir su...
Zarul Hazrin Hashim1, 2*, Asmah Patiroi1, Mashhor Mansor1, Shahrul Anuar Md. Sah1, Donald C. Jack... more Zarul Hazrin Hashim1, 2*, Asmah Patiroi1, Mashhor Mansor1, Shahrul Anuar Md. Sah1, Donald C. Jackson2 (1. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; 2. Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, ...
Out of the 1000 species of freshwater fish documented in the South-East Asian Tropics, 420 specie... more Out of the 1000 species of freshwater fish documented in the South-East Asian Tropics, 420 species can be found in Malaysia. Based on experimental gill net studies, Perak River recorded a total of 107 fish species, which comprises of 33 families with Cyprinidae as the dominant family, with 43 species. The fluctuating number of species and species replacement in the upstream direction in this river reflects the orientation of the River Continuum Concept. Gradient changes of salinity, habitat heterogeneity, water velocity and riverbed materials are some of the factors that may contribute to the fluctuation and species replacement.
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