The Government of Kenya entered in a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 20... more The Government of Kenya entered in a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing arrangement, to boost economic growth. However, 10 years later, RVR’s performance failed to meet performance targets, due to financing and technical capacity constraints, as per anecdotal reports. This article examined the influence selected macro-economic factors on the project’s financing. We sourced primary data from 348 staff of key stakeholders. We applied Relative Importance Index to rank the factors based on their importance; besides, we applied Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (W) to determine the degree of agreement among participants. Findings show that inflation rates ranked highest, scoring an index of 0.8; followed by interest rates (0.7), debt ratio (0.6) and taxation burden (0.6). The study obtained a strong level of concordance in perceptions regarding influence of macro-economic factors on the project’s financing...
The International Journal of Business & Management
Internal controls are essential determinants of financial distress in any devolved government wor... more Internal controls are essential determinants of financial distress in any devolved government worldwide. The devolved governments in Kenya recorded a dwindle in their own source return from 11.7 percent in 2013/14 to 8.8 percent in 2016/17. This research sought to establish the effect of internal controls on the performance of devolved governments in Kenya by adopting a correlational research study. The target population was 423 respondents from the 47 devolved governments in Kenya. Stratified random sampling was used where the sample size was 381 respondents after 38 respondents were excluded and used in the pilot study with a response rate of 80.7%. Primary data were gathered by the use of a structured questionnaire. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics in determining the trend of the study variables and prediction of variables, respectively. Findings of the study were presented using tables and figures, while regression analysis disclosed that the calcula...
Purpose: Risk avoidance are critical techniques in the elimination of threats, undertaking and su... more Purpose: Risk avoidance are critical techniques in the elimination of threats, undertaking and submissions that can negatively influence an institution or government gains and investment decision worldwide. By halting the activity that can lead to likely problems, the chance of incurring and loss is eliminated. However, devolved system of government studies on risk avoidance are scanty in Kenya. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of risk avoidance and how it influences performance of devolved governments in Kenya. Methodology: The study was anchored on the agency and stakeholder theory. A correlational research design was used based on the nature of data collected. The study was analytical and hence it took a pragmatic philosophical reasoning. The study targeted 423 respondents in the 47 devolved governments departments in Kenya. A sample size of 381 respondents from the devolved governments departments was drawn from the targeted population using stratified...
<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Environmental factors ... more <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Environmental factors on financing BOT( Build Operate Transfer) infrastructure projects, Infrastructure plays a crucial role in the drive for achieving development by providing energy, transportation, and water. There have been ups and downs in the degree of emphasis placed on infrastructure, but infrastructure has remained the largest component of the public investment programs in developing countries 62 % of gross domestic product (GDP). Nearly half of the international financial institutions' project lending to developing countries goes to infrastructure. The study used a mixed method research design; with a target population of 720 employees of rift valley rail consortium and government of Kenya representatives of which a sample of 338. The study used questionnaires and interview guides to collect data. Data were collected by administering questionnaires to the respondents while senior managers and government officials were interviewed. Data collected was coded. Qualitative data was analyzed using themes and sub-themes, while quantitative data was analyzed by the use of inferential statistics, of which the frequency percentages were calculated, data were cross-tabulated to establish the relationship within the variables and finally, a Wald test statistic was conducted to measure the strength and direction of relationship within the variables. A calculated Pearson Chi-Square of 0.818 lead to rejection of the null hypothesis and therefore, there is a significant relationship between Environmental antecedents and financing of BOT projects. The study recommended that there is a need for policies to be articulated on tackling the rise of environmental destruction due to the BOT projects in Kenya.&#x0D; </jats:p>
The Government of Kenya initiated a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 200... more The Government of Kenya initiated a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing framework, to improve delivery of railway transport services and spur economic growth. However, a decade later, RVR’s performance failed to meet performance targets due to financing constraints, among other factors. This study examined selected concessional factors also perceived to be important predictors of the project’s financing and performance. We sourced primary data from 348 staff of RVR and government authorities. We applied Relative Importance Index to determine relative importance of each factor; while Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (W) determined the concordance of participants’ perceptions regarding the influence of concessional factors on the project’s financing. The study found that lack of stakeholder review forums was the most important predictor of the project’s financing (0.7). Also important were concessionaire’s tech...
The Kenya-Uganda railway system was concessioned to Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the... more The Kenya-Uganda railway system was concessioned to Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing arrangement to improve performance and contribution to economic growth. However, nearly a decade later, RVR’s performance failed to meet targets, due to financing challenges, according to performance review and media business reports. This study aimed at determining factors influencing severity of financing challenges experienced by concessionaire in order to inform and enable stakeholders to prioritize interventions aimed at improving financing and performance of the project. Primary data were sourced from 348 staff of key stakeholders. Quantitative data analysis methods included cross-tabulations with Chi square tests as well as Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient (rs). Findings show that, relatively, operational costs had the strongest positive correlation (rs = 0.546); followed by interest rates (rs = 0.516); cash flow problems (rs = 0.478) and c...
International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, Dec 20, 2017
Irrespective of whether a country’s economy is prospering or experiencing a downturn, employers c... more Irrespective of whether a country’s economy is prospering or experiencing a downturn, employers can benefit from a skilled workforce able to respond to changing economic circumstances. Training their workers is one means of building such a workforce. But what influences the decisions by employers to train their workers is the heart of this study and the reason as to why employees pursue further studyThe purpose of the study was to establish the varying factors influencing employee’s enrolment in higher education. .The study adopted mixed method research design and the sample of 202 employees in the middle and lower level carder from the University of Nairobi. The questionnaires were used to collect data .The findings of the study indicated that (87%) of the employees work environment was not appealing. The findings also indicated that most staff had no knowledge and lack proper policy in terms of pursuing education, these could also be attributed to enrolment for higher education as cited by 68% employees. The study recommended the establishment of educational policy, to benefit those pursuing courses in line with the profession and hence no benefits to institutions. That there is need to undertake a savvy on the impact of training.
International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478)
In spite of the rise in the global adoption of public private partnerships, developing countries ... more In spite of the rise in the global adoption of public private partnerships, developing countries have failed to attract private investments in equally measure as their developed partners. This has impacted on infrastructural financing in developing countries. The current study sought to establish how market risks influence the performance of public private partnership renewable energy projects. The study adopted a pragmatic paradigm and employed a mixed methods approach, correlational and descriptive survey design. Quantitative data was collected by use of a self-administered questionnaire and while an interview guide was used to collect qualitative data after piloting and reliability established. A sample size of 263 respondents was drawn from a target population of 769 using the Yamane formula. For descriptive statistics the study used the mean and standard deviation. For inferential statistics the study used Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (r) and Multiple Regression while t...
The Government of Kenya entered in a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 20... more The Government of Kenya entered in a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing arrangement, to boost economic growth. However, 10 years later, RVR’s performance failed to meet performance targets, due to financing and technical capacity constraints, as per anecdotal reports. This article examined the influence selected macro-economic factors on the project’s financing. We sourced primary data from 348 staff of key stakeholders. We applied Relative Importance Index to rank the factors based on their importance; besides, we applied Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (W) to determine the degree of agreement among participants. Findings show that inflation rates ranked highest, scoring an index of 0.8; followed by interest rates (0.7), debt ratio (0.6) and taxation burden (0.6). The study obtained a strong level of concordance in perceptions regarding influence of macro-economic factors on the project’s financing...
The International Journal of Business & Management
Internal controls are essential determinants of financial distress in any devolved government wor... more Internal controls are essential determinants of financial distress in any devolved government worldwide. The devolved governments in Kenya recorded a dwindle in their own source return from 11.7 percent in 2013/14 to 8.8 percent in 2016/17. This research sought to establish the effect of internal controls on the performance of devolved governments in Kenya by adopting a correlational research study. The target population was 423 respondents from the 47 devolved governments in Kenya. Stratified random sampling was used where the sample size was 381 respondents after 38 respondents were excluded and used in the pilot study with a response rate of 80.7%. Primary data were gathered by the use of a structured questionnaire. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics in determining the trend of the study variables and prediction of variables, respectively. Findings of the study were presented using tables and figures, while regression analysis disclosed that the calcula...
Purpose: Risk avoidance are critical techniques in the elimination of threats, undertaking and su... more Purpose: Risk avoidance are critical techniques in the elimination of threats, undertaking and submissions that can negatively influence an institution or government gains and investment decision worldwide. By halting the activity that can lead to likely problems, the chance of incurring and loss is eliminated. However, devolved system of government studies on risk avoidance are scanty in Kenya. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of risk avoidance and how it influences performance of devolved governments in Kenya. Methodology: The study was anchored on the agency and stakeholder theory. A correlational research design was used based on the nature of data collected. The study was analytical and hence it took a pragmatic philosophical reasoning. The study targeted 423 respondents in the 47 devolved governments departments in Kenya. A sample size of 381 respondents from the devolved governments departments was drawn from the targeted population using stratified...
<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Environmental factors ... more <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Environmental factors on financing BOT( Build Operate Transfer) infrastructure projects, Infrastructure plays a crucial role in the drive for achieving development by providing energy, transportation, and water. There have been ups and downs in the degree of emphasis placed on infrastructure, but infrastructure has remained the largest component of the public investment programs in developing countries 62 % of gross domestic product (GDP). Nearly half of the international financial institutions' project lending to developing countries goes to infrastructure. The study used a mixed method research design; with a target population of 720 employees of rift valley rail consortium and government of Kenya representatives of which a sample of 338. The study used questionnaires and interview guides to collect data. Data were collected by administering questionnaires to the respondents while senior managers and government officials were interviewed. Data collected was coded. Qualitative data was analyzed using themes and sub-themes, while quantitative data was analyzed by the use of inferential statistics, of which the frequency percentages were calculated, data were cross-tabulated to establish the relationship within the variables and finally, a Wald test statistic was conducted to measure the strength and direction of relationship within the variables. A calculated Pearson Chi-Square of 0.818 lead to rejection of the null hypothesis and therefore, there is a significant relationship between Environmental antecedents and financing of BOT projects. The study recommended that there is a need for policies to be articulated on tackling the rise of environmental destruction due to the BOT projects in Kenya.&#x0D; </jats:p>
The Government of Kenya initiated a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 200... more The Government of Kenya initiated a concessional agreement with Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing framework, to improve delivery of railway transport services and spur economic growth. However, a decade later, RVR’s performance failed to meet performance targets due to financing constraints, among other factors. This study examined selected concessional factors also perceived to be important predictors of the project’s financing and performance. We sourced primary data from 348 staff of RVR and government authorities. We applied Relative Importance Index to determine relative importance of each factor; while Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (W) determined the concordance of participants’ perceptions regarding the influence of concessional factors on the project’s financing. The study found that lack of stakeholder review forums was the most important predictor of the project’s financing (0.7). Also important were concessionaire’s tech...
The Kenya-Uganda railway system was concessioned to Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the... more The Kenya-Uganda railway system was concessioned to Rift Valley Railways (RVR) in 2006, under the build-operate-transfer financing arrangement to improve performance and contribution to economic growth. However, nearly a decade later, RVR’s performance failed to meet targets, due to financing challenges, according to performance review and media business reports. This study aimed at determining factors influencing severity of financing challenges experienced by concessionaire in order to inform and enable stakeholders to prioritize interventions aimed at improving financing and performance of the project. Primary data were sourced from 348 staff of key stakeholders. Quantitative data analysis methods included cross-tabulations with Chi square tests as well as Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient (rs). Findings show that, relatively, operational costs had the strongest positive correlation (rs = 0.546); followed by interest rates (rs = 0.516); cash flow problems (rs = 0.478) and c...
International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, Dec 20, 2017
Irrespective of whether a country’s economy is prospering or experiencing a downturn, employers c... more Irrespective of whether a country’s economy is prospering or experiencing a downturn, employers can benefit from a skilled workforce able to respond to changing economic circumstances. Training their workers is one means of building such a workforce. But what influences the decisions by employers to train their workers is the heart of this study and the reason as to why employees pursue further studyThe purpose of the study was to establish the varying factors influencing employee’s enrolment in higher education. .The study adopted mixed method research design and the sample of 202 employees in the middle and lower level carder from the University of Nairobi. The questionnaires were used to collect data .The findings of the study indicated that (87%) of the employees work environment was not appealing. The findings also indicated that most staff had no knowledge and lack proper policy in terms of pursuing education, these could also be attributed to enrolment for higher education as cited by 68% employees. The study recommended the establishment of educational policy, to benefit those pursuing courses in line with the profession and hence no benefits to institutions. That there is need to undertake a savvy on the impact of training.
International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478)
In spite of the rise in the global adoption of public private partnerships, developing countries ... more In spite of the rise in the global adoption of public private partnerships, developing countries have failed to attract private investments in equally measure as their developed partners. This has impacted on infrastructural financing in developing countries. The current study sought to establish how market risks influence the performance of public private partnership renewable energy projects. The study adopted a pragmatic paradigm and employed a mixed methods approach, correlational and descriptive survey design. Quantitative data was collected by use of a self-administered questionnaire and while an interview guide was used to collect qualitative data after piloting and reliability established. A sample size of 263 respondents was drawn from a target population of 769 using the Yamane formula. For descriptive statistics the study used the mean and standard deviation. For inferential statistics the study used Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (r) and Multiple Regression while t...
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