The healthcare industry is becoming one of the most growing concerns among people in Malaysia. Th... more The healthcare industry is becoming one of the most growing concerns among people in Malaysia. This industry is expected to provide efficient and effective services to the community. This study is aimed to examine the relationship between the dimension job burnout, which includes emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization with job satisfaction among healthcare providers in the healthcare industry at the northern part of Malaysia. A quantitative methodology was applied in this study where 200 questionnaires had been distributed. Only 171 questionnaires were collected and returned back. Out of that number, only 156 questionnaires were fit to be analysed. It was found that all of the burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) have a significant relationship to job satisfaction. Multiple Regression analyses have found that 2 of the independent variables had a negative relationship with job satisfaction (emotional e...
IT-Business alignment has been consistently rated as one of the top ten IT management concern for... more IT-Business alignment has been consistently rated as one of the top ten IT management concern for last three decades. Theoretically, alignment can be defined as the degree of fit and combination between an organization’s IS (Information System) strategy and business strategy. More precisely, banks operates in a strategic Information System environment, where the alignment between IT and business should be significantly focused on organizational performance. However, this study suggests that technological innovation, strategic alignment, human resources are not an isolated source of improvement, but part of a system which mutually-reinforcing organizational performances. This research followed quantitative approach and survey questionnaire, so therefore, all 46 Bangladeshi bank (excluding foreign banks) were approached, a total number of 40 observations were usable and giving the study repose rate of 87%, which utilized for subsequent analysis. For this research, different type of an...
In the area of the construction sector, the primary concern is economic growth. There are many is... more In the area of the construction sector, the primary concern is economic growth. There are many issues and challenges associated with it. The growth and rapid development of this industry put their players, mainly the construction firms feeling the heat by competing with each other. The main challenge is the completion period for a particular project. This study was done in Manila, Philippines, where Design and Build (D&B) method has gained much interest and considered very important today. The rise of new innovative systems saw the emergence of new factors in the construction industry that will become future adoption. This study focuses on factors affecting the successful completion period of the construction industry, whereby it is very crucial for the country's economic and market development. A quantitative research methodology was applied in this study. A total of 967 survey questionnaires sent out, and only 396 respondents fit to be analysed. Respondents involved were contr...
Intellectual property is a creation of new ideas, inventions, literary and artistic, the symbols,... more Intellectual property is a creation of new ideas, inventions, literary and artistic, the symbols, names and images used in business to produce a product to consumers.Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) is the most important contributor to the country as it became the core of the country's industrialization process.Based on the statistics from MyIPO, that most local companies are less steeped in knowledge related to Intellectual Property Rights.So, I take opportunities from this problem to solve it with interviewing or make searching about the Effect of Intellectual Property Rights among SMEs: A Case of Manufacturing Company on Northern.My objective is to analyze positive and negative effects of Intellectual Property Rights in Small and Medium Enterprises and for our country.To know the difference before and after the implementation of Intellectual Property Rights in Small and Medium Enterprise.Due of time constraints, I had to use qualitative methods to conduct an interview with a...
The Government Transformation Programme has become the central issue among the public. For any go... more The Government Transformation Programme has become the central issue among the public. For any government to retain its popularity, changes are needed to provide more vibrant, dynamic, and progressive services to its client, customer, and stakeholders. Therefore, implementing McKinsey approach is one mechanism to realise the transformation programme. Implementing McKinsey approach has long been practised by various organisations in adding value to delivery and improving performance. This article demonstrates findings of the four out of seven McKinsey approach elements implemented in two government departments in Malaysia. The survey method was conducted in this study on respondents comprising all the stakeholders dealing in the everyday transactions with the government departments, including suppliers, vendors, and many more. All the questionnaires were analysed and findings explained in greater detail. The four McKinsey elements included strategy, structure, system, and shared valu...
Understanding different organizational elements (such as strategy, structure, processes, function... more Understanding different organizational elements (such as strategy, structure, processes, function and environment), their mutual encouragement and creating resemblance among them is an important determinant of organizational performance. The necessity of creating a fit among these elements and creating such complex relationship, raises the question of how to enhance overall organizational performance by aligning different organizational elements. This study will analyze the issue and influence of strategic fit on organizational performance. The strategic fit among elements of an organization can be evidenced by the degree to which strategy, structure, processes, function and environment complement one another.The elements reinforce each other and this can result in a cycle of mutual cause and effect that tightens the relationship among them and produce organizational performance. This paper aimed to give some additional insights into creating strategy-structure fit and to prove once...
Existing literature argues that loan loss provisions are subject to managerial discretion and com... more Existing literature argues that loan loss provisions are subject to managerial discretion and commonly associated with the issues of income smoothing, capital management, signaling and pro-cyclicality. The main objective of this study is to examine the evidence of income smoothing, capital management, signaling, and pro-cyclical behavior through loan loss provisions of Malaysian commercial banks for period 2002-2012. Using a sample of 15 commercial banks, the results indicate that Malaysian commercial banks do smooth income through loan loss provisions while on the other hand, no conclusive evidence to support that Malaysian commercial banks manage capital through loan loss provisions. As for the signaling and pro-cyclicality, no concrete evidence to support Malaysian commercial banks engages in signaling activities and pro-cyclicality through loan loss provisions. This study also controls for the effect of 2007-2009 global financial crisis on loan loss provisioning of Malaysian com...
The Malaysian government has taken the initiative of implementing Industrialised Building System ... more The Malaysian government has taken the initiative of implementing Industrialised Building System (IBS) in which components are manufactured in mass production under a controlled environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site works. It is hope that IBS can improve the performance of construction industry. However, the main barriers in IBS implementation is project delivery process. In order to overcome this barrier, ‘Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)’ as a project delivery system using a multi-party contract (more than two parties selected) was introduced. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is defined as a project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all project participants to optimise the results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabr...
The purpose of this study was to examine the gender perception of emoticon in computer mediated-c... more The purpose of this study was to examine the gender perception of emoticon in computer mediated-communication (CMC) in the Southern American College classroom. Participants were 74 undergraduate students enrolled in a variety of courses at University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, who are familiar with using emoticons in web based context. Results indicate that (a) there were no significant difference perception between male and female using positive emoticon in social context, (b) there were no significant difference between male and female using positive emoticon in positive message and (c) there are no significant difference between male and female especially in happy, humor and attitude towards the positive message with positive emoticon. Future research should continue to extend these efforts by examining the ways emoticon used in real situation as in web messenger, virtual forum or community portal, to better understand the spontaneous interactions between recipient and se...
International Journal of Research in Business and Technology, 2015
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework of external and internal factors of Infor... more The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework of external and internal factors of Information Systems (IS) success towards employee performance. The construct of this paper is based on a comprehensive review of recent literatures on external and internal factors of IS success towards employee performance. Detailed discussions follow provides a framework on Information System success towards employee performance in the Royal Malaysia Custom Department (RMCD). The framework is hoped to get a better overview on how the information system helps to increase employee performance by integrating the elements of internal and external factors of IS system. This paper provides details for the framework in view of elements between External and Internal Factors of Information Systems Success towards Employee Performance. The importance of this framework could be applied in various government departments that apply information systems which could better improve their employee performance. This will later on further improve the performance of the respective departments in achieving their key performance indicators as well as increasing their productivity in the long run.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the findings which stated that intellectual pr... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the findings which stated that intellectual property rights (patent) have a moderating effect to the relationship between internal, external R&D towards operation performance of chemical and metallurgy manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The construct of this paper is based on statistical output derived from statistical package for social sciences version 19. Survey method is used throughout the study focusing on chemical and metallurgy firms in Malaysia. The unit of analysis chosen was organization. From this study, it was found that intellectual property rights policy pertaining patents should become part of firm's business strategy. Implementing IPR will safeguard firm's new invention, innovation or processes in the long run. Furthermore, firm may gain benefits in creating new business opportunity during various patenting stages. Strict enforcement of IPR could yield better incentives on innovation. In the long run, revenue obtained from IPR can be used to finance innovation and R&D activities. Implementation of IPR has tendencies to stimulate more research, innovation and have potential to reduce manufacturing employment. Applying innovative and creative ideas by protecting it through intellectual property rights is able to help firm's long term success. We discuss that IPR can become as firm's business strategy, which can contribute for benefits of the innovation and creativity, improvement in products that will increase profit margins and gain royalty revenue through patented inventions from companies who commercialize the product.
The purpose of this paper is to explore how manufacturing firms implement protection of Intellect... more The purpose of this paper is to explore how manufacturing firms implement protection of Intellectual property rights (IPR).In general, works done in the manufacturing industry involves many applications of inventing or introducing new products to the market.The construct of this paper is based on comprehensive review of recent literatures on Intellectual property rights that focusing primarily on patent.Detailed discussions are as followed to give implications in policy making especially government or related authorities in promoting and enforcing intellectual property rights.Intellectual property rights policy especially regarding patents should be part of firm's business strategy.Implementing IPR will safeguard firm's new invention, innovation or processes in the long run.Intellectual property rights should be treated as new forms of investment.The patent and related intellectual property rights system will have to respond to the market changes. There is probability for the system to have its own weaknesses here and there.The major challenge for patent and other IP elements together with government policies is to ensure a national pay-off from scientific and technological development.In relation to the impact for the operation performance of the firm, patent system should be able to reduce the manufacturing cost per unit, increase product delivery, improve product/process flexibility and high quality products being produced.This paper provides the importance of applying intellectual property rights as firm's business strategy.Manufacturing firms has different goals in determining which business strategy in order to make them remain competitive in the challenging business atmosphere.
Effectiveness of R&D capabilities towards opereations performance moderated b... more Effectiveness of R&D capabilities towards opereations performance moderated by intellectual property rights. Anuar, Herman Shah and Zulhumadi, Faisal and Mohamed Udin, Zulkifli (2011). ... R&D is now a key element for a firm's survival in the global competition arena. ...
Abstract. Inventory control provides method to manage the flow of materials or goods in the suppl... more Abstract. Inventory control provides method to manage the flow of materials or goods in the supply chain. Since controlling inventory is not the only mechanism to ensure an adequate inventory levels, it is also able to reduce inventory related cost. The manufacturing sector holds large inventories with quite complicated process and policy related to inventory control, especially when involving external party whether they are supplier or customer. The manufacturing companies always confront with issues related to inventory management, which includes bullwhip effect on demand, increase of inventory cost, late delivery, and inventory shortage. Therefore, a key challenge for manufacturing company is to determine how to control the inventory flows effectively as to get the best overall inventory performance. Since inventory control manages to cover a wide range of aspects, it is chosen to focus on specific element such as inventory monitoring and ordering; control limits; and replenishme...
This paper presenting the findings from a case study conducted on the quality management principl... more This paper presenting the findings from a case study conducted on the quality management principles in a Malaysian’s SMEs food and beverages. The objective of this research is to determine and identify the quality management principles towards the organization performance in the XYZ Industry Sdn. Bhd. In order to achieve the objective, a case study was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with the top managers.The findings show out about a number of quality management principles have been identified as contributors towards organization’s performance.Since this research only focuses on a SMEs and beverage industry (traditional herbs drinks), therefore, the findings could be used to generalize within the similar business in the similar industry.The paper emphasizes that the implementation of quality management principles can be used as a framework to improve organization’s performance.
The purpose of this article was to highlight the importance of implementation of Intellectual Pro... more The purpose of this article was to highlight the importance of implementation of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in one of the Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) in Northern part of Malaysia. The main objective of this article was to examine the extent of implementation of IPR of Al Ridhwee Holdings (M) Sdn. Bhd (AHSB). The second objective was to analyse the “strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats” of AHSB by implementing IPR. Interview method was used to gather the data to be studied. Key personnel of the company had been chosen to be interviewed. Observations also was done in order to look how the process of implementing the use of IPR in the company to protect their products and services. It was found out that the implementation of IPR in AHSB was in the very early stage. SWOT analysis has been able to detect the issues and challenges that would be meaningful for the future improvement of this company. Therefore, data obtain from SWOT analysis would be able to provi...
The healthcare industry is becoming one of the most growing concerns among people in Malaysia. Th... more The healthcare industry is becoming one of the most growing concerns among people in Malaysia. This industry is expected to provide efficient and effective services to the community. This study is aimed to examine the relationship between the dimension job burnout, which includes emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization with job satisfaction among healthcare providers in the healthcare industry at the northern part of Malaysia. A quantitative methodology was applied in this study where 200 questionnaires had been distributed. Only 171 questionnaires were collected and returned back. Out of that number, only 156 questionnaires were fit to be analysed. It was found that all of the burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) have a significant relationship to job satisfaction. Multiple Regression analyses have found that 2 of the independent variables had a negative relationship with job satisfaction (emotional e...
IT-Business alignment has been consistently rated as one of the top ten IT management concern for... more IT-Business alignment has been consistently rated as one of the top ten IT management concern for last three decades. Theoretically, alignment can be defined as the degree of fit and combination between an organization’s IS (Information System) strategy and business strategy. More precisely, banks operates in a strategic Information System environment, where the alignment between IT and business should be significantly focused on organizational performance. However, this study suggests that technological innovation, strategic alignment, human resources are not an isolated source of improvement, but part of a system which mutually-reinforcing organizational performances. This research followed quantitative approach and survey questionnaire, so therefore, all 46 Bangladeshi bank (excluding foreign banks) were approached, a total number of 40 observations were usable and giving the study repose rate of 87%, which utilized for subsequent analysis. For this research, different type of an...
In the area of the construction sector, the primary concern is economic growth. There are many is... more In the area of the construction sector, the primary concern is economic growth. There are many issues and challenges associated with it. The growth and rapid development of this industry put their players, mainly the construction firms feeling the heat by competing with each other. The main challenge is the completion period for a particular project. This study was done in Manila, Philippines, where Design and Build (D&B) method has gained much interest and considered very important today. The rise of new innovative systems saw the emergence of new factors in the construction industry that will become future adoption. This study focuses on factors affecting the successful completion period of the construction industry, whereby it is very crucial for the country's economic and market development. A quantitative research methodology was applied in this study. A total of 967 survey questionnaires sent out, and only 396 respondents fit to be analysed. Respondents involved were contr...
Intellectual property is a creation of new ideas, inventions, literary and artistic, the symbols,... more Intellectual property is a creation of new ideas, inventions, literary and artistic, the symbols, names and images used in business to produce a product to consumers.Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) is the most important contributor to the country as it became the core of the country's industrialization process.Based on the statistics from MyIPO, that most local companies are less steeped in knowledge related to Intellectual Property Rights.So, I take opportunities from this problem to solve it with interviewing or make searching about the Effect of Intellectual Property Rights among SMEs: A Case of Manufacturing Company on Northern.My objective is to analyze positive and negative effects of Intellectual Property Rights in Small and Medium Enterprises and for our country.To know the difference before and after the implementation of Intellectual Property Rights in Small and Medium Enterprise.Due of time constraints, I had to use qualitative methods to conduct an interview with a...
The Government Transformation Programme has become the central issue among the public. For any go... more The Government Transformation Programme has become the central issue among the public. For any government to retain its popularity, changes are needed to provide more vibrant, dynamic, and progressive services to its client, customer, and stakeholders. Therefore, implementing McKinsey approach is one mechanism to realise the transformation programme. Implementing McKinsey approach has long been practised by various organisations in adding value to delivery and improving performance. This article demonstrates findings of the four out of seven McKinsey approach elements implemented in two government departments in Malaysia. The survey method was conducted in this study on respondents comprising all the stakeholders dealing in the everyday transactions with the government departments, including suppliers, vendors, and many more. All the questionnaires were analysed and findings explained in greater detail. The four McKinsey elements included strategy, structure, system, and shared valu...
Understanding different organizational elements (such as strategy, structure, processes, function... more Understanding different organizational elements (such as strategy, structure, processes, function and environment), their mutual encouragement and creating resemblance among them is an important determinant of organizational performance. The necessity of creating a fit among these elements and creating such complex relationship, raises the question of how to enhance overall organizational performance by aligning different organizational elements. This study will analyze the issue and influence of strategic fit on organizational performance. The strategic fit among elements of an organization can be evidenced by the degree to which strategy, structure, processes, function and environment complement one another.The elements reinforce each other and this can result in a cycle of mutual cause and effect that tightens the relationship among them and produce organizational performance. This paper aimed to give some additional insights into creating strategy-structure fit and to prove once...
Existing literature argues that loan loss provisions are subject to managerial discretion and com... more Existing literature argues that loan loss provisions are subject to managerial discretion and commonly associated with the issues of income smoothing, capital management, signaling and pro-cyclicality. The main objective of this study is to examine the evidence of income smoothing, capital management, signaling, and pro-cyclical behavior through loan loss provisions of Malaysian commercial banks for period 2002-2012. Using a sample of 15 commercial banks, the results indicate that Malaysian commercial banks do smooth income through loan loss provisions while on the other hand, no conclusive evidence to support that Malaysian commercial banks manage capital through loan loss provisions. As for the signaling and pro-cyclicality, no concrete evidence to support Malaysian commercial banks engages in signaling activities and pro-cyclicality through loan loss provisions. This study also controls for the effect of 2007-2009 global financial crisis on loan loss provisioning of Malaysian com...
The Malaysian government has taken the initiative of implementing Industrialised Building System ... more The Malaysian government has taken the initiative of implementing Industrialised Building System (IBS) in which components are manufactured in mass production under a controlled environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site works. It is hope that IBS can improve the performance of construction industry. However, the main barriers in IBS implementation is project delivery process. In order to overcome this barrier, ‘Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)’ as a project delivery system using a multi-party contract (more than two parties selected) was introduced. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is defined as a project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all project participants to optimise the results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabr...
The purpose of this study was to examine the gender perception of emoticon in computer mediated-c... more The purpose of this study was to examine the gender perception of emoticon in computer mediated-communication (CMC) in the Southern American College classroom. Participants were 74 undergraduate students enrolled in a variety of courses at University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, who are familiar with using emoticons in web based context. Results indicate that (a) there were no significant difference perception between male and female using positive emoticon in social context, (b) there were no significant difference between male and female using positive emoticon in positive message and (c) there are no significant difference between male and female especially in happy, humor and attitude towards the positive message with positive emoticon. Future research should continue to extend these efforts by examining the ways emoticon used in real situation as in web messenger, virtual forum or community portal, to better understand the spontaneous interactions between recipient and se...
International Journal of Research in Business and Technology, 2015
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework of external and internal factors of Infor... more The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework of external and internal factors of Information Systems (IS) success towards employee performance. The construct of this paper is based on a comprehensive review of recent literatures on external and internal factors of IS success towards employee performance. Detailed discussions follow provides a framework on Information System success towards employee performance in the Royal Malaysia Custom Department (RMCD). The framework is hoped to get a better overview on how the information system helps to increase employee performance by integrating the elements of internal and external factors of IS system. This paper provides details for the framework in view of elements between External and Internal Factors of Information Systems Success towards Employee Performance. The importance of this framework could be applied in various government departments that apply information systems which could better improve their employee performance. This will later on further improve the performance of the respective departments in achieving their key performance indicators as well as increasing their productivity in the long run.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the findings which stated that intellectual pr... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the findings which stated that intellectual property rights (patent) have a moderating effect to the relationship between internal, external R&D towards operation performance of chemical and metallurgy manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The construct of this paper is based on statistical output derived from statistical package for social sciences version 19. Survey method is used throughout the study focusing on chemical and metallurgy firms in Malaysia. The unit of analysis chosen was organization. From this study, it was found that intellectual property rights policy pertaining patents should become part of firm's business strategy. Implementing IPR will safeguard firm's new invention, innovation or processes in the long run. Furthermore, firm may gain benefits in creating new business opportunity during various patenting stages. Strict enforcement of IPR could yield better incentives on innovation. In the long run, revenue obtained from IPR can be used to finance innovation and R&D activities. Implementation of IPR has tendencies to stimulate more research, innovation and have potential to reduce manufacturing employment. Applying innovative and creative ideas by protecting it through intellectual property rights is able to help firm's long term success. We discuss that IPR can become as firm's business strategy, which can contribute for benefits of the innovation and creativity, improvement in products that will increase profit margins and gain royalty revenue through patented inventions from companies who commercialize the product.
The purpose of this paper is to explore how manufacturing firms implement protection of Intellect... more The purpose of this paper is to explore how manufacturing firms implement protection of Intellectual property rights (IPR).In general, works done in the manufacturing industry involves many applications of inventing or introducing new products to the market.The construct of this paper is based on comprehensive review of recent literatures on Intellectual property rights that focusing primarily on patent.Detailed discussions are as followed to give implications in policy making especially government or related authorities in promoting and enforcing intellectual property rights.Intellectual property rights policy especially regarding patents should be part of firm's business strategy.Implementing IPR will safeguard firm's new invention, innovation or processes in the long run.Intellectual property rights should be treated as new forms of investment.The patent and related intellectual property rights system will have to respond to the market changes. There is probability for the system to have its own weaknesses here and there.The major challenge for patent and other IP elements together with government policies is to ensure a national pay-off from scientific and technological development.In relation to the impact for the operation performance of the firm, patent system should be able to reduce the manufacturing cost per unit, increase product delivery, improve product/process flexibility and high quality products being produced.This paper provides the importance of applying intellectual property rights as firm's business strategy.Manufacturing firms has different goals in determining which business strategy in order to make them remain competitive in the challenging business atmosphere.
Effectiveness of R&D capabilities towards opereations performance moderated b... more Effectiveness of R&D capabilities towards opereations performance moderated by intellectual property rights. Anuar, Herman Shah and Zulhumadi, Faisal and Mohamed Udin, Zulkifli (2011). ... R&D is now a key element for a firm's survival in the global competition arena. ...
Abstract. Inventory control provides method to manage the flow of materials or goods in the suppl... more Abstract. Inventory control provides method to manage the flow of materials or goods in the supply chain. Since controlling inventory is not the only mechanism to ensure an adequate inventory levels, it is also able to reduce inventory related cost. The manufacturing sector holds large inventories with quite complicated process and policy related to inventory control, especially when involving external party whether they are supplier or customer. The manufacturing companies always confront with issues related to inventory management, which includes bullwhip effect on demand, increase of inventory cost, late delivery, and inventory shortage. Therefore, a key challenge for manufacturing company is to determine how to control the inventory flows effectively as to get the best overall inventory performance. Since inventory control manages to cover a wide range of aspects, it is chosen to focus on specific element such as inventory monitoring and ordering; control limits; and replenishme...
This paper presenting the findings from a case study conducted on the quality management principl... more This paper presenting the findings from a case study conducted on the quality management principles in a Malaysian’s SMEs food and beverages. The objective of this research is to determine and identify the quality management principles towards the organization performance in the XYZ Industry Sdn. Bhd. In order to achieve the objective, a case study was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with the top managers.The findings show out about a number of quality management principles have been identified as contributors towards organization’s performance.Since this research only focuses on a SMEs and beverage industry (traditional herbs drinks), therefore, the findings could be used to generalize within the similar business in the similar industry.The paper emphasizes that the implementation of quality management principles can be used as a framework to improve organization’s performance.
The purpose of this article was to highlight the importance of implementation of Intellectual Pro... more The purpose of this article was to highlight the importance of implementation of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in one of the Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) in Northern part of Malaysia. The main objective of this article was to examine the extent of implementation of IPR of Al Ridhwee Holdings (M) Sdn. Bhd (AHSB). The second objective was to analyse the “strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats” of AHSB by implementing IPR. Interview method was used to gather the data to be studied. Key personnel of the company had been chosen to be interviewed. Observations also was done in order to look how the process of implementing the use of IPR in the company to protect their products and services. It was found out that the implementation of IPR in AHSB was in the very early stage. SWOT analysis has been able to detect the issues and challenges that would be meaningful for the future improvement of this company. Therefore, data obtain from SWOT analysis would be able to provi...
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