Introduction: The prevalence of periodontitis has reached 42.8% in Indonesia. One contributing fa... more Introduction: The prevalence of periodontitis has reached 42.8% in Indonesia. One contributing factor is Porphyromonas gingivalis. The ovarian dysfunction caused by ovariectomy procedures may also cause periodontitis. Post ovariectomy conditions resemble menopause, lowering the production of estrogen and progesterone hormones, leaving patients vulnerable to periodontitis. To prevent the side effects of the treatment, herbal ingredients are commonly used. The extract of cassava leaves is known to have pharmacological effects as an antioxidant and, thus, can be applied as a medicine for periodontitis. Methods: A total of 21 rats were divided into three groups, (1) control: healthy rats; (2) Group P.1: P. gingivalis-induced rats; (3) Group P.2: ovariectomized rats. Groups P.1 and P.2 were further divided into three subgroups that were administered cassava leaves extract at a dosage of 179.2 mg/ kg BW, aquades and vitamin C. Rats were euthanized at day eight after the initial treat...
Dental fluorosis is a health condition caused by a child receiving too much fluoride during tooth... more Dental fluorosis is a health condition caused by a child receiving too much fluoride during tooth development. Excessive fluoride can cause white spots, and in severe cases, brown stains or pitting or mottling of enamel. Dental fluorosis can be cosmetically treated by a dentist. The cost and success can vary significantly depending on the treatment. Tooth bleaching, microabrasion, and conservative composite restorations or porcelain veneers are commonly used treatments. Generally speaking, bleaching and microabrasion are used for superficial staining, whereas the conservative restorations are used for more unaesthetic situations.
Bruxism is the medical term for the grinding of teeth or the clenching of jaws. Bruxism often occ... more Bruxism is the medical term for the grinding of teeth or the clenching of jaws. Bruxism often occurs during deep sleep or while under stress. No one knows why bruxism happens. But in some cases, kids may grind because the top and bottom teeth are not aligned properly. Others do it as a response to pain, such as an earache. Kids might grind their teeth as a way to ease the pain, just as they might rub a sore muscle. Stress, usually nervous tension or anger is another cause. For instance, a child might worry about a test at school or a change in routine. Some kids who are hyperactive also experience bruxism. And sometimes kids with other medical conditions (such as cerebral palsy) or on certain medications can develop bruxism. The most common solution is usually a recommendation from the mouth guard. Wear a mouth guard at night will prevent the child from grinding their teeth and night, and has a very high success rate in reducing the habit.
Background: Oral cavity is a host for microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi that can cause in... more Background: Oral cavity is a host for microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi that can cause infection. The growth of bacteria and fungi can be reduced with antibacterial and antifungal agents. There are a lot of medicines that have been developed from natural materials to overcome infectious diseases with minimal side effects. One of the plants that have been studied is Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.). Purpose: The purpose of this article was to review the potential of namnam leaves as an alternative antibacterial and antifungal ingredient. Result: Namnam leaves contain several compounds such as tannins, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and quinones that have antibacterial and antifungal effects. Conclusion: Namnam can be used as an alternative material to resolve infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi.
Background: Panoramic radiograph is a dental radiodiagnosis which is often used to assist in esta... more Background: Panoramic radiograph is a dental radiodiagnosis which is often used to assist in establishing diagnosis and determining treatment plans using low dose x-ray radiation exposure.The basic working principle of panoramic radiograph is using ionizing radiation which causes ionization reactions on the affected objects. Radiation area in patients undergoing panoramic radiograph involves salivary glands, thus it generates certain impacts in the quality and quantity of saliva produced. Aim: To analyze the effects of panoramic dental x-ray radiation exposure on salivary pH. Research Method: This study used quasi experimental research method with pre and post test only control group design. Eight people were chosen as samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Saliva testing was performed to the chosen samples pre and post panoramic dental x-ray radiation exposure. The research data were measured using paired t-test statistical analysis. Result : There was significant diffe...
Adequate amounts of Calcium ions are essential for the developmental of enamel, dentin, and cemen... more Adequate amounts of Calcium ions are essential for the developmental of enamel, dentin, and cementum. The delivery of adequate amounts of calcium to the dental tissues during developmental is essentially dependent on the maintenance of normal calcium concentrations in the extracellular fluids. Since the homeostatic mechanisms controlling the extracellular calcium ions concentration are highly efficient, only the most severe forms of calcium deprivation can result inhypocalcification of the dental tissues. Genetic defects or deficiencies of nutrients in addition to calcium may result in the formation of abnormal enamel, dentin or cementum.
Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in per... more Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in periodontal tissues. Antibacterial herbs need to be considered because there are side effects caused by synthetic antibacterial drugs. Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves are known for having antibacterial effects. The purpose of this research was analysing the inhibition potential, and the highest inhibition concentration of namnam leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: 24 samples were divided into 6 groups. The positive control group was given 0.2% chlorhexidine, and the treatment group was given various concentrations (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) of namnam leaves extract. The disc which spilled by various concentrations of namnam leaves extracts and 0.2% chlorhexidine was placed on a medium which has been inoculated by P. gingivalis, then incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. The inhibition zone was measured using a vernier calliper. Results: The concentration...
Pathological inflamatory condition that often complained and neglected in Indonesian is periodont... more Pathological inflamatory condition that often complained and neglected in Indonesian is periodontal disease . The main ethiology of periodontitis is dental plaque. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria which contained in dental plaque. Increase in P. gingivalis colony will escalate damage in periodontal tissues. One of the alternative to control microorganism growth is by antibacterial agents in cherry leaf based material which contain flavonoids, saponins and tannins as active subtance. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cherry leaf extract to P. gingivalis growth and to determine the maximum concentration in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis. Methods: This research used experimental laboratories methods with the post test only control group design. This research used well diffusion with 8 samples of each group. BHI-A was filled into petridish and inoculated by P. gingivalis. The holes was made 5 mm diameter and was f...
Pergerakan gigi secara ortodonti diperoleh melalui remodeling tulang alveolar dan jaringan period... more Pergerakan gigi secara ortodonti diperoleh melalui remodeling tulang alveolar dan jaringan periodontal sebagai respon terhadap adanya gaya ortodonti. Diabetes dapat mempengaruhi remodeling tulang alveolar. Remodeling tulang alveolar meliputi proses resobsi tulang yang diperankan oleh sel osteoklas, serta pembentukan tulang yang diperankan oleh sel osteoblas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rasio osteoklas dan osteoblas tulang alveolar pada model tikus diabetes oleh karena aplikasi gaya ortodonti. 24 ekor tikus Wistar dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yang terdiri dari 3 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan diabetes dengan aplikasi gaya ortodonti yang berbeda (10, 20, dan 30 gramforce/grf). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi gaya ortodonti pada model tikus diabetes menyebabkan peningkatan rasio osteoklas dan osteoblas tulang alveolar di daerah tekanan dan tarikan pada ligamen periodontal.
The ovaries represent the female reproductive organs that determine the women's fertility sta... more The ovaries represent the female reproductive organs that determine the women's fertility status and their systemic and oral health, correlating to sex steroid hormone alteration. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cassava leaves extract treatment to SOD expression in the animal model-ovaries after Porphyromonas gingivalis injection. 15 female Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into five groups: (1) control without cassava leaves extract treatment (C); (2) P. gingivalis without cassava leaves extract treatment (T1); (3) P. gingivalis and cassava leaves extract (T2); (4) P. gingivalis and vitamin C (T3); and (5) P. gingivalis and metronidazole (T4). Animal were euthanised at day seven after the initial treatment to collect ovaries. The ovaries sections were immunohistochemically stained to quantify SOD expression using light microscope while the Image J software was used to quantify the SOD expression. The results showed that all of the follicle types had the sa...
Background: Diabetes is a serious and important public health problem, especially in relation to ... more Background: Diabetes is a serious and important public health problem, especially in relation to dental treatment. Because of its complications in periodontal tissue, diabetes can be contraindicated in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (RANKL) is an essential cytokine inducing osteoclastogenesis. Osteoblasts produce this cytokine which has been suggested to play an integral role in osteoclast activation during bone remodeling of orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between RANKL expression of osteoblast and the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of diabetic rat models at different mechanical force application. Methods: This study used animal subjects, white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain (n=24) divided into six groups. The mechanical force to which they were subjected ranged between 10, 20, and 30 gramforce (grf). The animal models with diabetes w...
Introduction: The prevalence of periodontitis has reached 42.8% in Indonesia. One contributing fa... more Introduction: The prevalence of periodontitis has reached 42.8% in Indonesia. One contributing factor is Porphyromonas gingivalis. The ovarian dysfunction caused by ovariectomy procedures may also cause periodontitis. Post ovariectomy conditions resemble menopause, lowering the production of estrogen and progesterone hormones, leaving patients vulnerable to periodontitis. To prevent the side effects of the treatment, herbal ingredients are commonly used. The extract of cassava leaves is known to have pharmacological effects as an antioxidant and, thus, can be applied as a medicine for periodontitis. Methods: A total of 21 rats were divided into three groups, (1) control: healthy rats; (2) Group P.1: P. gingivalis-induced rats; (3) Group P.2: ovariectomized rats. Groups P.1 and P.2 were further divided into three subgroups that were administered cassava leaves extract at a dosage of 179.2 mg/ kg BW, aquades and vitamin C. Rats were euthanized at day eight after the initial treat...
Dental fluorosis is a health condition caused by a child receiving too much fluoride during tooth... more Dental fluorosis is a health condition caused by a child receiving too much fluoride during tooth development. Excessive fluoride can cause white spots, and in severe cases, brown stains or pitting or mottling of enamel. Dental fluorosis can be cosmetically treated by a dentist. The cost and success can vary significantly depending on the treatment. Tooth bleaching, microabrasion, and conservative composite restorations or porcelain veneers are commonly used treatments. Generally speaking, bleaching and microabrasion are used for superficial staining, whereas the conservative restorations are used for more unaesthetic situations.
Bruxism is the medical term for the grinding of teeth or the clenching of jaws. Bruxism often occ... more Bruxism is the medical term for the grinding of teeth or the clenching of jaws. Bruxism often occurs during deep sleep or while under stress. No one knows why bruxism happens. But in some cases, kids may grind because the top and bottom teeth are not aligned properly. Others do it as a response to pain, such as an earache. Kids might grind their teeth as a way to ease the pain, just as they might rub a sore muscle. Stress, usually nervous tension or anger is another cause. For instance, a child might worry about a test at school or a change in routine. Some kids who are hyperactive also experience bruxism. And sometimes kids with other medical conditions (such as cerebral palsy) or on certain medications can develop bruxism. The most common solution is usually a recommendation from the mouth guard. Wear a mouth guard at night will prevent the child from grinding their teeth and night, and has a very high success rate in reducing the habit.
Background: Oral cavity is a host for microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi that can cause in... more Background: Oral cavity is a host for microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi that can cause infection. The growth of bacteria and fungi can be reduced with antibacterial and antifungal agents. There are a lot of medicines that have been developed from natural materials to overcome infectious diseases with minimal side effects. One of the plants that have been studied is Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.). Purpose: The purpose of this article was to review the potential of namnam leaves as an alternative antibacterial and antifungal ingredient. Result: Namnam leaves contain several compounds such as tannins, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and quinones that have antibacterial and antifungal effects. Conclusion: Namnam can be used as an alternative material to resolve infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi.
Background: Panoramic radiograph is a dental radiodiagnosis which is often used to assist in esta... more Background: Panoramic radiograph is a dental radiodiagnosis which is often used to assist in establishing diagnosis and determining treatment plans using low dose x-ray radiation exposure.The basic working principle of panoramic radiograph is using ionizing radiation which causes ionization reactions on the affected objects. Radiation area in patients undergoing panoramic radiograph involves salivary glands, thus it generates certain impacts in the quality and quantity of saliva produced. Aim: To analyze the effects of panoramic dental x-ray radiation exposure on salivary pH. Research Method: This study used quasi experimental research method with pre and post test only control group design. Eight people were chosen as samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Saliva testing was performed to the chosen samples pre and post panoramic dental x-ray radiation exposure. The research data were measured using paired t-test statistical analysis. Result : There was significant diffe...
Adequate amounts of Calcium ions are essential for the developmental of enamel, dentin, and cemen... more Adequate amounts of Calcium ions are essential for the developmental of enamel, dentin, and cementum. The delivery of adequate amounts of calcium to the dental tissues during developmental is essentially dependent on the maintenance of normal calcium concentrations in the extracellular fluids. Since the homeostatic mechanisms controlling the extracellular calcium ions concentration are highly efficient, only the most severe forms of calcium deprivation can result inhypocalcification of the dental tissues. Genetic defects or deficiencies of nutrients in addition to calcium may result in the formation of abnormal enamel, dentin or cementum.
Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in per... more Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in periodontal tissues. Antibacterial herbs need to be considered because there are side effects caused by synthetic antibacterial drugs. Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves are known for having antibacterial effects. The purpose of this research was analysing the inhibition potential, and the highest inhibition concentration of namnam leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: 24 samples were divided into 6 groups. The positive control group was given 0.2% chlorhexidine, and the treatment group was given various concentrations (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) of namnam leaves extract. The disc which spilled by various concentrations of namnam leaves extracts and 0.2% chlorhexidine was placed on a medium which has been inoculated by P. gingivalis, then incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. The inhibition zone was measured using a vernier calliper. Results: The concentration...
Pathological inflamatory condition that often complained and neglected in Indonesian is periodont... more Pathological inflamatory condition that often complained and neglected in Indonesian is periodontal disease . The main ethiology of periodontitis is dental plaque. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria which contained in dental plaque. Increase in P. gingivalis colony will escalate damage in periodontal tissues. One of the alternative to control microorganism growth is by antibacterial agents in cherry leaf based material which contain flavonoids, saponins and tannins as active subtance. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cherry leaf extract to P. gingivalis growth and to determine the maximum concentration in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis. Methods: This research used experimental laboratories methods with the post test only control group design. This research used well diffusion with 8 samples of each group. BHI-A was filled into petridish and inoculated by P. gingivalis. The holes was made 5 mm diameter and was f...
Pergerakan gigi secara ortodonti diperoleh melalui remodeling tulang alveolar dan jaringan period... more Pergerakan gigi secara ortodonti diperoleh melalui remodeling tulang alveolar dan jaringan periodontal sebagai respon terhadap adanya gaya ortodonti. Diabetes dapat mempengaruhi remodeling tulang alveolar. Remodeling tulang alveolar meliputi proses resobsi tulang yang diperankan oleh sel osteoklas, serta pembentukan tulang yang diperankan oleh sel osteoblas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rasio osteoklas dan osteoblas tulang alveolar pada model tikus diabetes oleh karena aplikasi gaya ortodonti. 24 ekor tikus Wistar dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yang terdiri dari 3 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan diabetes dengan aplikasi gaya ortodonti yang berbeda (10, 20, dan 30 gramforce/grf). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi gaya ortodonti pada model tikus diabetes menyebabkan peningkatan rasio osteoklas dan osteoblas tulang alveolar di daerah tekanan dan tarikan pada ligamen periodontal.
The ovaries represent the female reproductive organs that determine the women's fertility sta... more The ovaries represent the female reproductive organs that determine the women's fertility status and their systemic and oral health, correlating to sex steroid hormone alteration. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cassava leaves extract treatment to SOD expression in the animal model-ovaries after Porphyromonas gingivalis injection. 15 female Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into five groups: (1) control without cassava leaves extract treatment (C); (2) P. gingivalis without cassava leaves extract treatment (T1); (3) P. gingivalis and cassava leaves extract (T2); (4) P. gingivalis and vitamin C (T3); and (5) P. gingivalis and metronidazole (T4). Animal were euthanised at day seven after the initial treatment to collect ovaries. The ovaries sections were immunohistochemically stained to quantify SOD expression using light microscope while the Image J software was used to quantify the SOD expression. The results showed that all of the follicle types had the sa...
Background: Diabetes is a serious and important public health problem, especially in relation to ... more Background: Diabetes is a serious and important public health problem, especially in relation to dental treatment. Because of its complications in periodontal tissue, diabetes can be contraindicated in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (RANKL) is an essential cytokine inducing osteoclastogenesis. Osteoblasts produce this cytokine which has been suggested to play an integral role in osteoclast activation during bone remodeling of orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between RANKL expression of osteoblast and the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of diabetic rat models at different mechanical force application. Methods: This study used animal subjects, white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain (n=24) divided into six groups. The mechanical force to which they were subjected ranged between 10, 20, and 30 gramforce (grf). The animal models with diabetes w...
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