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The study investigated the Impact of sectoral distribution of Commercial banks' loans and adv... more The study investigated the Impact of sectoral distribution of Commercial banks' loans and advances on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1986 2014. Time series data on commercial banks' loans and advances to Manufacturing sector (CMAN, representing Production sector), commercial banks' loans and advances to Export sector (CEXP, representing General Commerce sector) and commercial banks' loans and advances to Transport and Communication sector (CTC, representing Service sector) was used to capture sectoral distribution of commercial banks' loans and advances to different sectors of the economy, while Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) was used to capture economic growth. The techniques of estimation employed in the study include Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Johansen Co-integration, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) and Granger causality test. The result showed that commercial banks' loans and advances to only Transport and Communication sector ...
International Journal of Economics and Management Studies, 2020
This paper examines the impact of microfinance institutions as a de facto agent in sustaining the... more This paper examines the impact of microfinance institutions as a de facto agent in sustaining the Nigerian economy. The study adopted secondary data sourced from several issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical bulletins and National Bureau of Statistics and applying ordinary least square of multiple regressions over time series annual data of Nigeria from 1994 through 2015, a period covering about twenty-one years to empirically test the sustainability of microfinance institutions in developing the economy of Nigeria. The study confirms from the correlation coefficient of the results that there is a positive relationship between Deposits and Loans and Advances depicting the microfinance activities and the economic growth and development of Nigeria represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The regression analysis results showed that the effect of Deposits on economic growth and development is significantly positive. In contrast, the effect of Loans and Advances is insignificant but positive on the GDP. However, the F-statistics result showing the overall significance of the model implies that MFIs will go a long way in impacting economic growth and development in Nigeria through poverty alleviation of the low and middle class of society the majority of the populace. Therefore, it is recommended that the government create an enabling environment capable of supporting the microfinance banks in microcredit delivery to sustain the economy.
European Journal of Economic and Financial Research
This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nig... more This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nigeria and South Africa between 1982 and 2018. Specifically, the study investigated the response of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Domestic Product growth rate (GDPGR), Import rate (IMPORTR), Export rate (EXPORTR) and Inflation rate (INFR) to exchange rate shock in these Countries. The data used for analysis is secondary by nature and was obtained from the World Development Bank Indicators. The estimation technique employed was structural Vector autoregression (SVAR), impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition function (VDF). The Structural Var result revealed that exchange rate shock had negative effect on FDI in the countries but insignificant. The result on GDPGR revealed that the effect is only positive in South Africa but insignificant in both economies. For IMPORTR and EXPORTR, the effect is positive in all the zones but significant only in Nigeria. For INFR,...
European Journal of Economic and Financial Research
This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nig... more This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nigeria and South Africa between 1982 and 2018. Specifically, the study investigated the response of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Domestic Product growth rate (GDPGR), Import rate (IMPORTR), Export rate (EXPORTR) and Inflation rate (INFR) to exchange rate shock in these Countries. The data used for analysis is secondary by nature and was obtained from the World Development Bank Indicators. The estimation technique employed was structural Vector autoregression (SVAR), impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition function (VDF). The Structural Var result revealed that exchange rate shock had negative effect on FDI in the countries but insignificant. The result on GDPGR revealed that the effect is only positive in South Africa but insignificant in both economies. For IMPORTR and EXPORTR, the effect is positive in all the zones but significant only in Nigeria. For INFR,...
To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need succ... more To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need successful innovative strategies. However, there is insufficient information on appropriate innovative strategies required by banks. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. It was distributed among 1,200 bank employees and 300 bank customers of all eight systematically important banks (Access, Diamond, Eco, First, GTB, Polaris, UBA and Zenith) out of 21 deposit money banks in Nigeria as of December 31, 2016 by random sampling and stratified sampling techniques. The data were fitted to the regression-based model. The identified marketing innovation adopted by banks include innovative service provision (4.02), generation of new product with quality (3.65), entrance into new markets (3.60) and adoption of technological tools (3.57). Performance indicators considered are customer satisfaction and customer retention. Results showed that marketing innovation strategies of th...
To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need succ... more To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need successful innovative strategies. However, there is insufficient information on appropriate innovative strategies required by banks. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. It was distributed among 1,200 bank employees and 300 bank customers of all eight systematically important banks (Access, Diamond, Eco, First, GTB, Polaris, UBA and Zenith) out of 21 deposit money banks in Nigeria as of December 31, 2016 by random sampling and stratified sampling techniques. The data were fitted to the regression-based model. The identified marketing innovation adopted by banks include innovative service provision (4.02), generation of new product with quality (3.65), entrance into new markets (3.60) and adoption of technological tools (3.57). Performance indicators considered are customer satisfaction and customer retention. Results showed that marketing innovation strategies of th...
Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 2020
How to cite this paper: The study investigates the pull and push factors as determinants of forei... more How to cite this paper: The study investigates the pull and push factors as determinants of foreign portfolio investment flows in the emerging market from 1986 to 2018. The study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound cointegration test and ARDL error correction model (ECM). This work is intended to explore the determinants of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in Nigeria and compare the result explored by Kaur and Dhillon (2010) in India. The result revealed that of all the explanatory variables, only MCAP, DMINT, REER, USGS and USINFR have a positive effect on FPI while GDPGR, USGDPGR, USGS and USINFR are significant. From the result of the analysis, the study agrees with Kaur and Dhillon (2010) that the host country gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates and the United States of America (the U.S.A.) inflation rates are among the significant pull and push factors that determine FPI flows in the long run. Based on these findings, the study recommends that economic p...
International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 2017
The study examines the impact of foreign private investment on the Nigerian capital market using ... more The study examines the impact of foreign private investment on the Nigerian capital market using time series data from 1986 to 2014. ADF Unit root test, Johansen co integration test and error correction mechanism are used for the purpose of analyses. Capital market development is proxied by market capitalisation while foreign private investment is proxied by foreign direct and portfolio investments. Result of ADF test shows the data are stationary at first difference and that there is a long run co-integration among market capitalisation, foreign direct and portfolio investments. ECM results show that, both types of private investment have positive impact on market capitalisation but only the foreign direct investment is significant(0.0015< 0.05) in determining market capitalisation. The study concludes that foreign private investment has positive and significant impact on the development of capital market. Based on the findings of the study, effort should be made to encourage continuous inflow of both forms of investment in Nigeria.
This study examined the impact of electronic bank fraud on customers' trust in Nigeria with the a... more This study examined the impact of electronic bank fraud on customers' trust in Nigeria with the aim of finding ways to enhance customers trust in the banking sector. Primary data was used for the study through structured questionnaire. The study employed logit regression as method to analyse the data. The result revealed that ATMF is significant and positively related to CT, MOBF and WEBF were insignificant and negatively related to CT while POSF exerted a positive and insignificant relationship with CT. Findings from the study further revealed that mobile fraud and website fraud posed more threat to customers' trust in electronic payment channels than ATM and POS. The study concluded that electronic fraud has significant relationship with customers' trust in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that Banks should increase their security layers and ensure continuous enlightenment of customers on the need to safeguard their PINs. Bank customers should avoid replying unsolicited text messages and mails while the CBN should provide adequate security measures for various electronic payment channels so as to enhance customers' trust.
Investigating the Factors Influencing Commercial Bank Lending in Nigeria: A Consolidation and Interaction Effect, 2021
This study provides empirical evidence on what determines bank lending in Nigeria by considering ... more This study provides empirical evidence on what determines bank lending in Nigeria by considering the pre and post consolidation effect and interaction effect using annual data from 1990-2019. This study employs multiple regression analysis. The regression model examines the effect of total savings (TOS), non-performing loan rate (NPLR) and number
The study investigated the Impact of sectoral distribution of Commercial banks' loans and adv... more The study investigated the Impact of sectoral distribution of Commercial banks' loans and advances on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1986 2014. Time series data on commercial banks' loans and advances to Manufacturing sector (CMAN, representing Production sector), commercial banks' loans and advances to Export sector (CEXP, representing General Commerce sector) and commercial banks' loans and advances to Transport and Communication sector (CTC, representing Service sector) was used to capture sectoral distribution of commercial banks' loans and advances to different sectors of the economy, while Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) was used to capture economic growth. The techniques of estimation employed in the study include Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Johansen Co-integration, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) and Granger causality test. The result showed that commercial banks' loans and advances to only Transport and Communication sector ...
International Journal of Economics and Management Studies, 2020
This paper examines the impact of microfinance institutions as a de facto agent in sustaining the... more This paper examines the impact of microfinance institutions as a de facto agent in sustaining the Nigerian economy. The study adopted secondary data sourced from several issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical bulletins and National Bureau of Statistics and applying ordinary least square of multiple regressions over time series annual data of Nigeria from 1994 through 2015, a period covering about twenty-one years to empirically test the sustainability of microfinance institutions in developing the economy of Nigeria. The study confirms from the correlation coefficient of the results that there is a positive relationship between Deposits and Loans and Advances depicting the microfinance activities and the economic growth and development of Nigeria represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The regression analysis results showed that the effect of Deposits on economic growth and development is significantly positive. In contrast, the effect of Loans and Advances is insignificant but positive on the GDP. However, the F-statistics result showing the overall significance of the model implies that MFIs will go a long way in impacting economic growth and development in Nigeria through poverty alleviation of the low and middle class of society the majority of the populace. Therefore, it is recommended that the government create an enabling environment capable of supporting the microfinance banks in microcredit delivery to sustain the economy.
European Journal of Economic and Financial Research
This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nig... more This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nigeria and South Africa between 1982 and 2018. Specifically, the study investigated the response of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Domestic Product growth rate (GDPGR), Import rate (IMPORTR), Export rate (EXPORTR) and Inflation rate (INFR) to exchange rate shock in these Countries. The data used for analysis is secondary by nature and was obtained from the World Development Bank Indicators. The estimation technique employed was structural Vector autoregression (SVAR), impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition function (VDF). The Structural Var result revealed that exchange rate shock had negative effect on FDI in the countries but insignificant. The result on GDPGR revealed that the effect is only positive in South Africa but insignificant in both economies. For IMPORTR and EXPORTR, the effect is positive in all the zones but significant only in Nigeria. For INFR,...
European Journal of Economic and Financial Research
This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nig... more This study investigates the sensitivity of macroeconomic variables to exchange rate shocks in Nigeria and South Africa between 1982 and 2018. Specifically, the study investigated the response of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Domestic Product growth rate (GDPGR), Import rate (IMPORTR), Export rate (EXPORTR) and Inflation rate (INFR) to exchange rate shock in these Countries. The data used for analysis is secondary by nature and was obtained from the World Development Bank Indicators. The estimation technique employed was structural Vector autoregression (SVAR), impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition function (VDF). The Structural Var result revealed that exchange rate shock had negative effect on FDI in the countries but insignificant. The result on GDPGR revealed that the effect is only positive in South Africa but insignificant in both economies. For IMPORTR and EXPORTR, the effect is positive in all the zones but significant only in Nigeria. For INFR,...
To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need succ... more To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need successful innovative strategies. However, there is insufficient information on appropriate innovative strategies required by banks. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. It was distributed among 1,200 bank employees and 300 bank customers of all eight systematically important banks (Access, Diamond, Eco, First, GTB, Polaris, UBA and Zenith) out of 21 deposit money banks in Nigeria as of December 31, 2016 by random sampling and stratified sampling techniques. The data were fitted to the regression-based model. The identified marketing innovation adopted by banks include innovative service provision (4.02), generation of new product with quality (3.65), entrance into new markets (3.60) and adoption of technological tools (3.57). Performance indicators considered are customer satisfaction and customer retention. Results showed that marketing innovation strategies of th...
To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need succ... more To survive in the ever-increasing competition in the financial market, commercial banks need successful innovative strategies. However, there is insufficient information on appropriate innovative strategies required by banks. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. It was distributed among 1,200 bank employees and 300 bank customers of all eight systematically important banks (Access, Diamond, Eco, First, GTB, Polaris, UBA and Zenith) out of 21 deposit money banks in Nigeria as of December 31, 2016 by random sampling and stratified sampling techniques. The data were fitted to the regression-based model. The identified marketing innovation adopted by banks include innovative service provision (4.02), generation of new product with quality (3.65), entrance into new markets (3.60) and adoption of technological tools (3.57). Performance indicators considered are customer satisfaction and customer retention. Results showed that marketing innovation strategies of th...
Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 2020
How to cite this paper: The study investigates the pull and push factors as determinants of forei... more How to cite this paper: The study investigates the pull and push factors as determinants of foreign portfolio investment flows in the emerging market from 1986 to 2018. The study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound cointegration test and ARDL error correction model (ECM). This work is intended to explore the determinants of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in Nigeria and compare the result explored by Kaur and Dhillon (2010) in India. The result revealed that of all the explanatory variables, only MCAP, DMINT, REER, USGS and USINFR have a positive effect on FPI while GDPGR, USGDPGR, USGS and USINFR are significant. From the result of the analysis, the study agrees with Kaur and Dhillon (2010) that the host country gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates and the United States of America (the U.S.A.) inflation rates are among the significant pull and push factors that determine FPI flows in the long run. Based on these findings, the study recommends that economic p...
International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 2017
The study examines the impact of foreign private investment on the Nigerian capital market using ... more The study examines the impact of foreign private investment on the Nigerian capital market using time series data from 1986 to 2014. ADF Unit root test, Johansen co integration test and error correction mechanism are used for the purpose of analyses. Capital market development is proxied by market capitalisation while foreign private investment is proxied by foreign direct and portfolio investments. Result of ADF test shows the data are stationary at first difference and that there is a long run co-integration among market capitalisation, foreign direct and portfolio investments. ECM results show that, both types of private investment have positive impact on market capitalisation but only the foreign direct investment is significant(0.0015< 0.05) in determining market capitalisation. The study concludes that foreign private investment has positive and significant impact on the development of capital market. Based on the findings of the study, effort should be made to encourage continuous inflow of both forms of investment in Nigeria.
This study examined the impact of electronic bank fraud on customers' trust in Nigeria with the a... more This study examined the impact of electronic bank fraud on customers' trust in Nigeria with the aim of finding ways to enhance customers trust in the banking sector. Primary data was used for the study through structured questionnaire. The study employed logit regression as method to analyse the data. The result revealed that ATMF is significant and positively related to CT, MOBF and WEBF were insignificant and negatively related to CT while POSF exerted a positive and insignificant relationship with CT. Findings from the study further revealed that mobile fraud and website fraud posed more threat to customers' trust in electronic payment channels than ATM and POS. The study concluded that electronic fraud has significant relationship with customers' trust in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that Banks should increase their security layers and ensure continuous enlightenment of customers on the need to safeguard their PINs. Bank customers should avoid replying unsolicited text messages and mails while the CBN should provide adequate security measures for various electronic payment channels so as to enhance customers' trust.
Investigating the Factors Influencing Commercial Bank Lending in Nigeria: A Consolidation and Interaction Effect, 2021
This study provides empirical evidence on what determines bank lending in Nigeria by considering ... more This study provides empirical evidence on what determines bank lending in Nigeria by considering the pre and post consolidation effect and interaction effect using annual data from 1990-2019. This study employs multiple regression analysis. The regression model examines the effect of total savings (TOS), non-performing loan rate (NPLR) and number
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