Abstrak Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SIS... more Abstrak Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SISC+. Selain itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesan kejurulatihan terhadap proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran di dalam bilik darjah setelah dibimbing oleh SISC+. Borang soal selidik yang mengandungi 22 item telah diedarkan kepada 31 orang guru di 23 buah sekolah di daerah Selangau, Sibu, Sarawak. Statistik yang digunakan ialah statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan frekuensi, skor min, sisihan piawai dan peratusan. Dapatan kajian mendapati guru yang dibimbing dapat menerima amalan kejurulatihan yang dilaksanakan oleh SISC+. Skor yang diperoleh adalah pada tahap tinggi dengan min 4.40. Berdasarkan dapatan ini jelas membuktikan peranan SISC+ sebagai pembimbing guru telah diterima dengan baik. Para penyelidik seterusnya dicadangkan membuat kajian tentang keberkesanan amalan kejurulatihan dalam kalangan SISC+ di kawasan bandar serta melibatkan jumlah populasi dan sampel yang lebih ramai. Selain itu, aspek berkaitan kepuasan bekerja dalam kalangan SISC+ juga boleh dikaji. Bagi SISC+ amalan kejurulatihan yang selaras dengan keperluan pendidikan abad ke-21 harus dimantapkan agar guru-guru yang dibimbing dapat mempertingkatkan tahap profesionalisme mereka. Abstract This study aims to assess and identify the level of acceptance among teachers towards the coaching by the SISC +. In addition, this study also aims to identify the impact of coaching towards the teaching and learning in the classroom as well. A questionnaire containing 22 items were distributed to 31 teachers at 23 schools in Selangau, Sibu, Sarawak. The data obtained were analyzed using the Package for The Social Sciences SPSS version 22.0.Statistics used were descriptive statistics involving frequency, mean and percentage. The findings showed that teachers received the coaching done by the SISC + with the mean value at 4.40 which is at a high level. Further studies including the effectiveness of coaching and mentoring in urban schools also can be done and the satisfaction among SISC+ as well. According to the SISC +, the coaching skills needed to be strengthened so that the guided teachers are able to improve their level of professionalism.
The purpose of this study is to highlight the approach of integrated coaching in enhancing teache... more The purpose of this study is to highlight the approach of integrated coaching in enhancing teacher capacity development by School Improvement Specialist Coach Plus (SISC+). The coaching approach is a combination of facilitative, directive and dialogue coaching. The coaching curve by Bradley William was also employed in this study. This case study involved an in-depth study of a teacher teaching history subject from 2018 to mid 2019. Data were collected using the Teacher Coaching Tool (TCT) instrument used by SISC+ as a standard document to guide teachers. The findings showed that the teacher's teaching and learning (TnL) competency in the classroom was improved in writing learning objectives, activity-based, pedagogical content knowledge and conclusions aspects of TnL. It is recommended further study on the effectiveness of SISC+ coaching practice with a larger sample to address the various issues in the field of coaching.
The TECNOS Award was established in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico more than 10 years ago, as a ... more The TECNOS Award was established in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico more than 10 years ago, as a way to stimulate people, enterprises, and institutions that contribute to the competitiveness and to the technical and economical development of the region through highly creative and innovative products and processes. To select the winners, expert criteria had been used up to now, which in many cases was strongly influenced by subjectivity. This paper describes the methodology developed by request of the TECNOS award steering committee, looking for more consistent, sustainable and repeatable methods. The methodology is based on concepts of TRIZ, Value Engineering and the Kano Model. Particularly the concepts of levels of customer satisfaction, invention level, ideality, and patterns of evolution are applied and combined with metrics sustained on value engineering. Radar diagrams for the pattern of evolution are combined with the levels of inventiveness and paired comparison, on the basi...
This paper gives an overview of a new concept for using solar thermal energy in vehicles followin... more This paper gives an overview of a new concept for using solar thermal energy in vehicles following the concept of Ideal Final Result for overcoming existing mental inertia. The concept is based on very high temperatures reached by concentration of solar energy, Stirling engines, which convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and, finally, energy storage using phase changing materials. First, a short review of past research is given and the new vehicle structure is described: Solar energy is gathered by Fresnel lens and stored in a thermal tank. Once charged, the tank is placed in the car and connected to a heat exchanger, which transfers thermal energy to the hot side of the Stirling engine. A generator converts the mechanical output of the Stirling engine into electric energy for being used in hybrid vehicles. This way 100% renewable energy is used, which may be obtained everywhere solar radiation, is available. This concept releases the vehicles from dependency on oil. Vehicl...
Presentation of INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. Nels... more Presentation of INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Industry trends and issues with the industry; Market opportunities for growth; Growth strategies and critical success factors; Address current issues/challenges to business growth; Monterrey Tech and the automotive industry.
Following is a description of the methods used and the results obtained during an academic resear... more Following is a description of the methods used and the results obtained during an academic research project aimed to introduce in DIRONA the use of finite element methods to improve its product quality while reducing development time. Furthermore the objective of reducing material and manufacturing costs was followed while maintaining the stress levels under the values previously obtained with earlier products that had worked reliable during several years. For the finite element analysis, MSC.Patran/MSC.Nastran V. 8.0 was used. The FEA results obtained were experimentally validated through DIRONA standard experimental test procedures.
CLEO/Europe - EQEC 2009 - European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference, 2009
Abstract This work discusses an experimental demonstration of the interaction between individual ... more Abstract This work discusses an experimental demonstration of the interaction between individual nanocrystals (CdSe quantum dot as well as NV color centers in diamond) and chemically synthesized silver nanowires. Here, single photons emitted by nanocrystals are collected and guided by conducting nanowires. Moreover, this study describes and demonstrates a novel hybrid optoplasmonic approach for efficient conversion of single plasmons into photons in single mode fiber. Potential applications of this technique, such ...
ABSTRACT This paper addresses the use of Solar Thermal Energy to continuously generate electrical... more ABSTRACT This paper addresses the use of Solar Thermal Energy to continuously generate electrical energy with a commercially available Turbo-Charger driving an Electrical Generator. The system is based on Brayton´s thermodynamic cycle and the energy is provided by a thermal accumulator. We propose that using air as the working media, the compressor element is capable of producing sufficient boost to achieve a useful level of efficiency for the cycle at the operating speed range claimed by the factory. The design or selection of the other important components of the system, such as the electrical generator, the starting motor, the electrical drive, the rectifying and inverting of the current is discussed. A parametric analysis that proves the theoretical feasibility of this model is included.
IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 2004
The emergence of a new category of tools baptised CAI (Computer Aided Innovation) is taking shape... more The emergence of a new category of tools baptised CAI (Computer Aided Innovation) is taking shape as industrial demand becomes more pressing. One category of tools in particular stands out as being a break from the usual trends in CAD, ie where the software structure is partially inspired by TRIZ. While the aim of such tools is to assist the designer in his creative act upstream of the act of designing, the link between the list of concepts these tools offer and the input required to build an object model is not ensured to date. The aim ...
ABSTRACT Solar energy has become one of the most promising renewable energies and is the most wid... more ABSTRACT Solar energy has become one of the most promising renewable energies and is the most widely used nowadays. In order to achieve an optimum performance, both photovoltaic and solar thermal applications are required to track the position of the sun throughout the day and year in the most effective way possible to avoid a high negative impact on the system efficiency. The present paper attempts to describe a novel semipassive solar tracking concentrator (SPSTC) in which, in order to track the sun, two independent arrays of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) prisms are implemented to refract sunlight by rotating said prisms, thus being able to redirect solar radiation as desired. The first set is responsible for eliminating one of the directional components of the solar radiation; the task is achieved by rotating the prisms within the array at a specific angle. The second set deals with another of the sunlight’s directional components, transforming its direction into a completely perpendicular pattern to the array. Having downward vertical radiation makes it possible to implement a stationary Fresnel lens to concentrate the solar radiation for any application desired. The system is designed and validated using simulation software to prove the feasibility of the concept.
Page 1. If you were to ask me for a definition of new product development, this is how I&... more Page 1. If you were to ask me for a definition of new product development, this is how I'd answer: New product development is a complex system of activities that produces the information—derived from market needs—required to bring new products to manufacture. ...
Perhaps the most promising TRIZ tools are trends and pattern of evolution. The idea that technolo... more Perhaps the most promising TRIZ tools are trends and pattern of evolution. The idea that technological systems tend to go forward in a way analogous to that of biological systems has been supporting the research of the evolution of several products. Some degree of coincidence to this analogy has been found in several cases using statistical analysis tools in patent
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2009
... 9 Noel Leon, Roberto Duran, Humberto Aguayo, and Myrna Flores Method for PE Pipes Fusion Join... more ... 9 Noel Leon, Roberto Duran, Humberto Aguayo, and Myrna Flores Method for PE Pipes Fusion Jointing Based on TRIZ Contradictions Theory ... 70 Sebastien Dubois, Ivana Rasovska, and Roland De Guio TRIZ Tool for Optimization of Airport Runway..... ...
Abstrak Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SIS... more Abstrak Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SISC+. Selain itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesan kejurulatihan terhadap proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran di dalam bilik darjah setelah dibimbing oleh SISC+. Borang soal selidik yang mengandungi 22 item telah diedarkan kepada 31 orang guru di 23 buah sekolah di daerah Selangau, Sibu, Sarawak. Statistik yang digunakan ialah statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan frekuensi, skor min, sisihan piawai dan peratusan. Dapatan kajian mendapati guru yang dibimbing dapat menerima amalan kejurulatihan yang dilaksanakan oleh SISC+. Skor yang diperoleh adalah pada tahap tinggi dengan min 4.40. Berdasarkan dapatan ini jelas membuktikan peranan SISC+ sebagai pembimbing guru telah diterima dengan baik. Para penyelidik seterusnya dicadangkan membuat kajian tentang keberkesanan amalan kejurulatihan dalam kalangan SISC+ di kawasan bandar serta melibatkan jumlah populasi dan sampel yang lebih ramai. Selain itu, aspek berkaitan kepuasan bekerja dalam kalangan SISC+ juga boleh dikaji. Bagi SISC+ amalan kejurulatihan yang selaras dengan keperluan pendidikan abad ke-21 harus dimantapkan agar guru-guru yang dibimbing dapat mempertingkatkan tahap profesionalisme mereka. Abstract This study aims to assess and identify the level of acceptance among teachers towards the coaching by the SISC +. In addition, this study also aims to identify the impact of coaching towards the teaching and learning in the classroom as well. A questionnaire containing 22 items were distributed to 31 teachers at 23 schools in Selangau, Sibu, Sarawak. The data obtained were analyzed using the Package for The Social Sciences SPSS version 22.0.Statistics used were descriptive statistics involving frequency, mean and percentage. The findings showed that teachers received the coaching done by the SISC + with the mean value at 4.40 which is at a high level. Further studies including the effectiveness of coaching and mentoring in urban schools also can be done and the satisfaction among SISC+ as well. According to the SISC +, the coaching skills needed to be strengthened so that the guided teachers are able to improve their level of professionalism.
The purpose of this study is to highlight the approach of integrated coaching in enhancing teache... more The purpose of this study is to highlight the approach of integrated coaching in enhancing teacher capacity development by School Improvement Specialist Coach Plus (SISC+). The coaching approach is a combination of facilitative, directive and dialogue coaching. The coaching curve by Bradley William was also employed in this study. This case study involved an in-depth study of a teacher teaching history subject from 2018 to mid 2019. Data were collected using the Teacher Coaching Tool (TCT) instrument used by SISC+ as a standard document to guide teachers. The findings showed that the teacher's teaching and learning (TnL) competency in the classroom was improved in writing learning objectives, activity-based, pedagogical content knowledge and conclusions aspects of TnL. It is recommended further study on the effectiveness of SISC+ coaching practice with a larger sample to address the various issues in the field of coaching.
The TECNOS Award was established in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico more than 10 years ago, as a ... more The TECNOS Award was established in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico more than 10 years ago, as a way to stimulate people, enterprises, and institutions that contribute to the competitiveness and to the technical and economical development of the region through highly creative and innovative products and processes. To select the winners, expert criteria had been used up to now, which in many cases was strongly influenced by subjectivity. This paper describes the methodology developed by request of the TECNOS award steering committee, looking for more consistent, sustainable and repeatable methods. The methodology is based on concepts of TRIZ, Value Engineering and the Kano Model. Particularly the concepts of levels of customer satisfaction, invention level, ideality, and patterns of evolution are applied and combined with metrics sustained on value engineering. Radar diagrams for the pattern of evolution are combined with the levels of inventiveness and paired comparison, on the basi...
This paper gives an overview of a new concept for using solar thermal energy in vehicles followin... more This paper gives an overview of a new concept for using solar thermal energy in vehicles following the concept of Ideal Final Result for overcoming existing mental inertia. The concept is based on very high temperatures reached by concentration of solar energy, Stirling engines, which convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and, finally, energy storage using phase changing materials. First, a short review of past research is given and the new vehicle structure is described: Solar energy is gathered by Fresnel lens and stored in a thermal tank. Once charged, the tank is placed in the car and connected to a heat exchanger, which transfers thermal energy to the hot side of the Stirling engine. A generator converts the mechanical output of the Stirling engine into electric energy for being used in hybrid vehicles. This way 100% renewable energy is used, which may be obtained everywhere solar radiation, is available. This concept releases the vehicles from dependency on oil. Vehicl...
Presentation of INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. Nels... more Presentation of INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Industry trends and issues with the industry; Market opportunities for growth; Growth strategies and critical success factors; Address current issues/challenges to business growth; Monterrey Tech and the automotive industry.
Following is a description of the methods used and the results obtained during an academic resear... more Following is a description of the methods used and the results obtained during an academic research project aimed to introduce in DIRONA the use of finite element methods to improve its product quality while reducing development time. Furthermore the objective of reducing material and manufacturing costs was followed while maintaining the stress levels under the values previously obtained with earlier products that had worked reliable during several years. For the finite element analysis, MSC.Patran/MSC.Nastran V. 8.0 was used. The FEA results obtained were experimentally validated through DIRONA standard experimental test procedures.
CLEO/Europe - EQEC 2009 - European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference, 2009
Abstract This work discusses an experimental demonstration of the interaction between individual ... more Abstract This work discusses an experimental demonstration of the interaction between individual nanocrystals (CdSe quantum dot as well as NV color centers in diamond) and chemically synthesized silver nanowires. Here, single photons emitted by nanocrystals are collected and guided by conducting nanowires. Moreover, this study describes and demonstrates a novel hybrid optoplasmonic approach for efficient conversion of single plasmons into photons in single mode fiber. Potential applications of this technique, such ...
ABSTRACT This paper addresses the use of Solar Thermal Energy to continuously generate electrical... more ABSTRACT This paper addresses the use of Solar Thermal Energy to continuously generate electrical energy with a commercially available Turbo-Charger driving an Electrical Generator. The system is based on Brayton´s thermodynamic cycle and the energy is provided by a thermal accumulator. We propose that using air as the working media, the compressor element is capable of producing sufficient boost to achieve a useful level of efficiency for the cycle at the operating speed range claimed by the factory. The design or selection of the other important components of the system, such as the electrical generator, the starting motor, the electrical drive, the rectifying and inverting of the current is discussed. A parametric analysis that proves the theoretical feasibility of this model is included.
IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 2004
The emergence of a new category of tools baptised CAI (Computer Aided Innovation) is taking shape... more The emergence of a new category of tools baptised CAI (Computer Aided Innovation) is taking shape as industrial demand becomes more pressing. One category of tools in particular stands out as being a break from the usual trends in CAD, ie where the software structure is partially inspired by TRIZ. While the aim of such tools is to assist the designer in his creative act upstream of the act of designing, the link between the list of concepts these tools offer and the input required to build an object model is not ensured to date. The aim ...
ABSTRACT Solar energy has become one of the most promising renewable energies and is the most wid... more ABSTRACT Solar energy has become one of the most promising renewable energies and is the most widely used nowadays. In order to achieve an optimum performance, both photovoltaic and solar thermal applications are required to track the position of the sun throughout the day and year in the most effective way possible to avoid a high negative impact on the system efficiency. The present paper attempts to describe a novel semipassive solar tracking concentrator (SPSTC) in which, in order to track the sun, two independent arrays of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) prisms are implemented to refract sunlight by rotating said prisms, thus being able to redirect solar radiation as desired. The first set is responsible for eliminating one of the directional components of the solar radiation; the task is achieved by rotating the prisms within the array at a specific angle. The second set deals with another of the sunlight’s directional components, transforming its direction into a completely perpendicular pattern to the array. Having downward vertical radiation makes it possible to implement a stationary Fresnel lens to concentrate the solar radiation for any application desired. The system is designed and validated using simulation software to prove the feasibility of the concept.
Page 1. If you were to ask me for a definition of new product development, this is how I&... more Page 1. If you were to ask me for a definition of new product development, this is how I'd answer: New product development is a complex system of activities that produces the information—derived from market needs—required to bring new products to manufacture. ...
Perhaps the most promising TRIZ tools are trends and pattern of evolution. The idea that technolo... more Perhaps the most promising TRIZ tools are trends and pattern of evolution. The idea that technological systems tend to go forward in a way analogous to that of biological systems has been supporting the research of the evolution of several products. Some degree of coincidence to this analogy has been found in several cases using statistical analysis tools in patent
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2009
... 9 Noel Leon, Roberto Duran, Humberto Aguayo, and Myrna Flores Method for PE Pipes Fusion Join... more ... 9 Noel Leon, Roberto Duran, Humberto Aguayo, and Myrna Flores Method for PE Pipes Fusion Jointing Based on TRIZ Contradictions Theory ... 70 Sebastien Dubois, Ivana Rasovska, and Roland De Guio TRIZ Tool for Optimization of Airport Runway..... ...
PENERIMAAN GURU TERHADAP AMALAN
KEJURULATIHAN(COACHING) PEMBIMBING PAKAR
PENINGKATAN SEKOLAH (S... more PENERIMAAN GURU TERHADAP AMALAN KEJURULATIHAN(COACHING) PEMBIMBING PAKAR PENINGKATAN SEKOLAH (SISC+) Noel Jimbai Anak Balang1 Zamri Mahamod2 Nor Aishah Buang3 Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstrak Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SISC+. Selain itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesan kejurulatihan terhadap proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran di dalam bilik darjah setelah dibimbing oleh SISC+. Borang soal selidik yang mengandungi 22 item telah diedarkan kepada 31 orang guru di 23 buah sekolah di daerah Selangau, Sibu, Sarawak. Statistik yang digunakan ialah statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan frekuensi, skor min, sisihan piawai dan peratusan. Dapatan kajian mendapati guru yang dibimbing dapat menerima amalan kejurulatihan yang dilaksanakan oleh SISC+. Skor yang diperoleh adalah pada tahap tinggi dengan min 4.40. Berdasarkan dapatan ini jelas membuktikan peranan SISC+ sebagai pembimbing guru telah diterima dengan baik. Para penyelidik seterusnya dicadangkan membuat kajian tentang keberkesanan amalan kejurulatihan dalam kalangan SISC+ di kawasan bandar serta melibatkan jumlah populasi dan sampel yang lebih ramai. Selain itu, aspek berkaitan kepuasan bekerja dalam kalangan SISC+ juga boleh dikaji. Bagi SISC+ amalan kejurulatihan yang selaras dengan keperluan pendidikan abad ke-21 harus dimantapkan agar guru-guru yang dibimbing dapat mempertingkatkan tahap profesionalisme mereka. Kata Kunci: Pembimbing Pakar Peningkatan Sekolah (SISC+), Pembelajaran dan Pengajaran (PdP), Guru Yang Dibimbing (GDB), Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM)
The study aims to examine the perceptions of Malay language teachers towards their understanding ... more The study aims to examine the perceptions of Malay language teachers towards their understanding and knowledge of the Professional Learning Community (PLC) Lesson Study. Respondents for this study consist of 100 Malay language teachers who have been exposed to collaborative tools of PLC Lesson Study either through courses and workshops by the Ministry of Education, State Education Department and District Education Office. This study was carried out by distributing questionnaires to all respondents in Likert Scale. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 19. The data were translated into the form of frequency and percentage. The study was conducted in the districts of Selangau, Kanowit and Sibu in Sarawak. Researchers are keen to gain understanding and knowledge of Malay language teachers towards PLC Lesson Study as the PLC Lesson Study is found to have contributed significantly in the teaching and learning as well as to enhance teachers’ pedagogical skills collaboratively. The findings showed that the respondents' perception of PLC Lesson Study was positive on the scale of 4 (61.5 percent) with mean 4.02
Keywords Professional Learning Community & Professional Learning Community (PLC), Lesson Study (LS), Perception, Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), Teacher Education Division (BPG) and Aminuddin Baki Institute (IAB)
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KEJURULATIHAN(COACHING) PEMBIMBING PAKAR
PENINGKATAN SEKOLAH (SISC+)
Noel Jimbai Anak Balang1
Zamri Mahamod2 Nor Aishah Buang3
Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Abstrak
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan guru terhadap kejurulatihan oleh SISC+. Selain
itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesan kejurulatihan terhadap proses pembelajaran
dan pengajaran di dalam bilik darjah setelah dibimbing oleh SISC+. Borang soal selidik yang
mengandungi 22 item telah diedarkan kepada 31 orang guru di 23 buah sekolah di daerah Selangau,
Sibu, Sarawak. Statistik yang digunakan ialah statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan frekuensi, skor min,
sisihan piawai dan peratusan. Dapatan kajian mendapati guru yang dibimbing dapat menerima
amalan kejurulatihan yang dilaksanakan oleh SISC+. Skor yang diperoleh adalah pada tahap tinggi
dengan min 4.40. Berdasarkan dapatan ini jelas membuktikan peranan SISC+ sebagai pembimbing
guru telah diterima dengan baik. Para penyelidik seterusnya dicadangkan membuat kajian tentang
keberkesanan amalan kejurulatihan dalam kalangan SISC+ di kawasan bandar serta melibatkan
jumlah populasi dan sampel yang lebih ramai. Selain itu, aspek berkaitan kepuasan bekerja dalam
kalangan SISC+ juga boleh dikaji. Bagi SISC+ amalan kejurulatihan yang selaras dengan keperluan
pendidikan abad ke-21 harus dimantapkan agar guru-guru yang dibimbing dapat mempertingkatkan
tahap profesionalisme mereka.
Kata Kunci:
Pembimbing Pakar Peningkatan Sekolah (SISC+), Pembelajaran dan Pengajaran (PdP),
Guru Yang Dibimbing (GDB), Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM)
Keywords
Professional Learning Community & Professional Learning Community (PLC), Lesson Study (LS), Perception, Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), Teacher Education Division (BPG) and Aminuddin Baki Institute (IAB)