This research was intended to observe the effect of protected lemuru fish (Sardinella longiceps) ... more This research was intended to observe the effect of protected lemuru fish (Sardinella longiceps) oil for ruminants, especially for sheep. This study aimed to evaluate the digested nutrients and blood profile of sheep. This study was conducted in September-October 2020 in Dumbira Farm, Kalasan, Yogyakarta, using 12 sheep divided into 3 treatments with 4 replications each. Treatment P0 was Total Mixed Ration (TMR) without protected Lemuru fish oil (control), treatment P1 was TMR with 5% protected Lemuru fish oil, and treatment P2 was TMR with 10% protected Lemuru fish oil. The data were statistically analyzed using one way analysis of variance and continued with Duncan new Multiple Range Test for significant results. The results of this study indicated that the addition of 10% protected Lemuru fish oil in TMR feed had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the increased value of in vivo digestion of crude fiber and crude fat, but did not affect the digestibility of dry matter, organic ma...
The projects are focused on role of woman in ensuring adequate food security through development ... more The projects are focused on role of woman in ensuring adequate food security through development of animal production by women's group applying the goat-sharing scheme. A total of 10 community projects have been set up by a university based livestock development project to enhance small ruminant production in rural comunities. As an example a women group was set up in 2007 in Gunungkidul district near Yogyakarta Jav a Indonesia. At the beginning of the project members of the group consisted of 30 women. Each were given 2 pregnant goats. The objectives of the scheme were to increased family income by improving goat population at the village and to increase motivation of farmer in goat management. A physical benefit to the members involved in the goat-sharing scheme is the ownerships of the kids. The number of kids kept by the participants depents on the number of kids born from the first two pregnancies. As the number of kids have to be shared with the community. After which the participants also owns the original female goats and all subsequent offspring. By 2011, the goat-sharing scheme had been running for over four years. The majority of the female goat allocated within the scheme were already in the third to fourth pregnancies. The other benefit of the goat-sharing scheme is production of manure, which is a very useful by products of goat keeping. The goat are kept in small pens beside their house and fed on by products from their fields as well as leaves from trees as a cut and carry system. It was rare for any of the member to sell goat faeces for cash beacause the manure has more value as fertilizer for crops. At this the total number of goats in the village are 410 heads, and the total members are 84. When the compost produced was applied to marginal land, much have being improved per year by utilization of the organic fertilizer. The programmes of animal production through goat-sharing scheme, are able to give rural women access to resources, and information, and enable them to the increase goat productivity, which benefit their families financial security.
Agricultural by-products, especially from cassava, can be easily found all over Indonesia. Parts ... more Agricultural by-products, especially from cassava, can be easily found all over Indonesia. Parts of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plant that can be used for animal feed are leaves, stem skin covering, tuber (in dry or wet condition, with or without skin). Cassava leaves cannot be used freely as animal feed, because of the persistence of anti-quality, i.e. Cyanide Acid (HCN) and tannin substance. Cassava leaves can be found easily in the dry season, when generally the presence of forage as ruminant's diet is so limited. This research was conducted to observe the potency of cassava leaves as supplement for Bligon goat's diet. This research used 24 mature Bligon goats in their early pregnancy. The goats were divided into 3 treatments, those are: C as Control Diet (conventional diet which usually be given by the farmers); T I or Treatment 1 (Control Diet + 300 g cassava leaves); and T2 or Treatment 2 (Control Diet + 260 g cassava leaves + 200 dried cassava tuber). The resul...
Studies on the identification and characterization of numerous seaweed species from tropical ocea... more Studies on the identification and characterization of numerous seaweed species from tropical oceans have not been widely reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rumen in vitro gas production and fermentation characteristics of four tropical seaweed species. The design of treatments was a randomized complete block design with four different seaweed species (brown seaweed: Laminaria sp. and Padina australis; red seaweed: Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma cottonii) and four replications for each treatment. For the gas production, easily degraded fraction (a), potentially degraded fraction (b), rate of gas production of b fraction (c), and total fraction degraded (a+b) parameters of brown seaweed were higher and faster than those of red seaweed. The lowest methane production at 24 hours incubation was obtained for Gracilaria sp., which reduced methane production from blank (44.38%) and standard (Pangola substrate) samples (60.63%), followed by Padina australis at 28.98 and 4...
This research is aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/... more This research is aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/l) of 2,4-D (dichloropenoxy acetic acid) on callus induction of Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) and its somatic embryogenesis stimulated using different concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l of growth regulators, namely NAA (Naphthaleneacetic acid) and kinetin. Percentage of callus were measured and somatic embryogenesis from callus were subjected to description analysis. The results showed that callus percentage were varied from 29.34% (1 mg 2,4-D/l) at first week (white color and crumb) to 83.67% (4 mg 2,4-D/l) at fourth week (white yellowish color and compact), and embryo somatic varied from 19.33±2.52 (2 mg NAA and 0 mg kinetin/l) to 81.33±11.50 (1.5 mg NAA dan 2.0 mg kinetin/l). It can be concluded that optimum callus induction (83.67%) was recorded when concentration of 2,4-D was given at the rate of 4 mg/l. The largest number of embryos in concentration of 1.5 mg/l NAA a...
The objective of the study was to analyze farmers motivation including some motives that encourag... more The objective of the study was to analyze farmers motivation including some motives that encouraged the farmers to raise dairy goats in the slope area of Merapi Volcano. Sixty dairy goat farmers at Turgo Sub-village were randomly selected as respondents. Data were collected by interviewing directly to the respondents using a good prepared questionnaire that was tested its validity and reliability. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the motives of the farmers. The results showed that there were a high level of motives including use of land motives (81.6%), economics motives (76.7%), and use of family labor motives (83.4%). But, most of the farmers (56.6%) were in medium level for safety motive
This research was intended to observe the effect of protected lemuru fish (Sardinella longiceps) ... more This research was intended to observe the effect of protected lemuru fish (Sardinella longiceps) oil for ruminants, especially for sheep. This study aimed to evaluate the digested nutrients and blood profile of sheep. This study was conducted in September-October 2020 in Dumbira Farm, Kalasan, Yogyakarta, using 12 sheep divided into 3 treatments with 4 replications each. Treatment P0 was Total Mixed Ration (TMR) without protected Lemuru fish oil (control), treatment P1 was TMR with 5% protected Lemuru fish oil, and treatment P2 was TMR with 10% protected Lemuru fish oil. The data were statistically analyzed using one way analysis of variance and continued with Duncan new Multiple Range Test for significant results. The results of this study indicated that the addition of 10% protected Lemuru fish oil in TMR feed had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the increased value of in vivo digestion of crude fiber and crude fat, but did not affect the digestibility of dry matter, organic ma...
The projects are focused on role of woman in ensuring adequate food security through development ... more The projects are focused on role of woman in ensuring adequate food security through development of animal production by women's group applying the goat-sharing scheme. A total of 10 community projects have been set up by a university based livestock development project to enhance small ruminant production in rural comunities. As an example a women group was set up in 2007 in Gunungkidul district near Yogyakarta Jav a Indonesia. At the beginning of the project members of the group consisted of 30 women. Each were given 2 pregnant goats. The objectives of the scheme were to increased family income by improving goat population at the village and to increase motivation of farmer in goat management. A physical benefit to the members involved in the goat-sharing scheme is the ownerships of the kids. The number of kids kept by the participants depents on the number of kids born from the first two pregnancies. As the number of kids have to be shared with the community. After which the participants also owns the original female goats and all subsequent offspring. By 2011, the goat-sharing scheme had been running for over four years. The majority of the female goat allocated within the scheme were already in the third to fourth pregnancies. The other benefit of the goat-sharing scheme is production of manure, which is a very useful by products of goat keeping. The goat are kept in small pens beside their house and fed on by products from their fields as well as leaves from trees as a cut and carry system. It was rare for any of the member to sell goat faeces for cash beacause the manure has more value as fertilizer for crops. At this the total number of goats in the village are 410 heads, and the total members are 84. When the compost produced was applied to marginal land, much have being improved per year by utilization of the organic fertilizer. The programmes of animal production through goat-sharing scheme, are able to give rural women access to resources, and information, and enable them to the increase goat productivity, which benefit their families financial security.
Agricultural by-products, especially from cassava, can be easily found all over Indonesia. Parts ... more Agricultural by-products, especially from cassava, can be easily found all over Indonesia. Parts of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plant that can be used for animal feed are leaves, stem skin covering, tuber (in dry or wet condition, with or without skin). Cassava leaves cannot be used freely as animal feed, because of the persistence of anti-quality, i.e. Cyanide Acid (HCN) and tannin substance. Cassava leaves can be found easily in the dry season, when generally the presence of forage as ruminant's diet is so limited. This research was conducted to observe the potency of cassava leaves as supplement for Bligon goat's diet. This research used 24 mature Bligon goats in their early pregnancy. The goats were divided into 3 treatments, those are: C as Control Diet (conventional diet which usually be given by the farmers); T I or Treatment 1 (Control Diet + 300 g cassava leaves); and T2 or Treatment 2 (Control Diet + 260 g cassava leaves + 200 dried cassava tuber). The resul...
Studies on the identification and characterization of numerous seaweed species from tropical ocea... more Studies on the identification and characterization of numerous seaweed species from tropical oceans have not been widely reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rumen in vitro gas production and fermentation characteristics of four tropical seaweed species. The design of treatments was a randomized complete block design with four different seaweed species (brown seaweed: Laminaria sp. and Padina australis; red seaweed: Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma cottonii) and four replications for each treatment. For the gas production, easily degraded fraction (a), potentially degraded fraction (b), rate of gas production of b fraction (c), and total fraction degraded (a+b) parameters of brown seaweed were higher and faster than those of red seaweed. The lowest methane production at 24 hours incubation was obtained for Gracilaria sp., which reduced methane production from blank (44.38%) and standard (Pangola substrate) samples (60.63%), followed by Padina australis at 28.98 and 4...
This research is aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/... more This research is aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/l) of 2,4-D (dichloropenoxy acetic acid) on callus induction of Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) and its somatic embryogenesis stimulated using different concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l of growth regulators, namely NAA (Naphthaleneacetic acid) and kinetin. Percentage of callus were measured and somatic embryogenesis from callus were subjected to description analysis. The results showed that callus percentage were varied from 29.34% (1 mg 2,4-D/l) at first week (white color and crumb) to 83.67% (4 mg 2,4-D/l) at fourth week (white yellowish color and compact), and embryo somatic varied from 19.33±2.52 (2 mg NAA and 0 mg kinetin/l) to 81.33±11.50 (1.5 mg NAA dan 2.0 mg kinetin/l). It can be concluded that optimum callus induction (83.67%) was recorded when concentration of 2,4-D was given at the rate of 4 mg/l. The largest number of embryos in concentration of 1.5 mg/l NAA a...
The objective of the study was to analyze farmers motivation including some motives that encourag... more The objective of the study was to analyze farmers motivation including some motives that encouraged the farmers to raise dairy goats in the slope area of Merapi Volcano. Sixty dairy goat farmers at Turgo Sub-village were randomly selected as respondents. Data were collected by interviewing directly to the respondents using a good prepared questionnaire that was tested its validity and reliability. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the motives of the farmers. The results showed that there were a high level of motives including use of land motives (81.6%), economics motives (76.7%), and use of family labor motives (83.4%). But, most of the farmers (56.6%) were in medium level for safety motive
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