Desde meados da decada de 1970, a Sociobiologia - disciplinanascida de um novo enfoque na Biologi... more Desde meados da decada de 1970, a Sociobiologia - disciplinanascida de um novo enfoque na Biologia (o gene como objeto por excelencia da selecao natural, e nao mais o organismo, grupo ou especie) - se ocupa de estudar o comportamento social de todos os animais, inclusive o homem, e de como os comportamentos sociais teriam se originado evolutivamente. Por acreditar ser a mais geral das disciplinas referente aos animais, acredita entao ser natural fornecer umfundamento biologico as ciencias humanas e as humanidades, bem como a etica e a epistemologia. Tal intento tem sido hoje levado adiante em alguns desses pontos pela Psicologia Evolucionista, disciplina assumidamente filha da Sociobiologia. Nesta dissertacao me ocupo de tentar estimar o quao bem ambas as disciplinas entenderam as ciencias sociais que criticam, e tentar avaliar em que medida uma abordagem sociobiologica seria util ou mesmo crucial para as ciencias sociais.
The present essay first outlines the sociological guiding distinction between inclusion and exclu... more The present essay first outlines the sociological guiding distinction between inclusion and exclusion (exclusion within society, communication based on all events). It presents the functional differentiation of world society as the pri- mary form of differentiation. But if society is so described, what are the main causes of the occurrence of exclusion? Two of these causes are discussed in this text. First, the welfare state was the central instrument for promoting inclusion and absorption of exclusions. But if the welfare state’s reach remains regional and the other functional systems rest on global contexts that the welfare state can no longer successfully intervene in, exclusions become more likely again. Second, exclusions increases when two or more functional systems intermesh in their operations. Then, exclusions are no longer localized and at the same time functionally limited edge positions of the individuals, but are linked to systematic patterns across several functional s...
O objetivo da presente tese e, em primeiro lugar, sugerir que a teoria da evolucao darwiniana ou ... more O objetivo da presente tese e, em primeiro lugar, sugerir que a teoria da evolucao darwiniana ou de inspiracao darwiniana, assim como tratada na Biologia, pode fornecer um bom esqueleto e um mapa teorico geral para as Ciencias Sociais, onde diferentes teorias das Ciencias Humanas podem ser localizadas. Para tal, tenta-se identificar algumas problematicas semelhantes entre as duas disciplinas, a fim de destacar a pertinencia da teoria evolutiva para as Ciencias Sociais. Ao contrario do que pensam muitos cientistas sociais, a teoria evolutiva darwinianarepresenta, talvez, a melhor teoria da mudanca e da ordem, sem implicar em problemas como a unilinearidade (somente um caminho e possivel), a teleologia (a tendencia e inevitavel) e o progresso como destino certo. O segundo objetivo e tentar examinar de que maneira a teoria dos sistemas sociais autopoieticos de Niklas Luhmann talvez a teoria mais elaborada e extensa tentativa de articulacao entre Ciencias Sociais e teoria evolutiva pode...
Since the 1970’s the Sociobiology, a discipline borned from a new
focus in Biology (i.e. the gen... more Since the 1970’s the Sociobiology, a discipline borned from a new
focus in Biology (i.e. the gene as the main focus of natural selection, instead of group or species) engage in the study of social behavior of all animals, Humans included, and engage too in the study of how certain behaviors aroused evolutionarily. How it is the more general discipline about animals, sociobiology believes that can and must furnish a biological basis to the human sciences, humanities, ethics and epistemology. Such aim is followed today by the Evolutionary Psychology, an assumed daughter discipline of Sociobiology. This dissertation try to evaluate how well both disciplines understood the social sciences so criticized by themselves, and how well a sociobiological approach can be useful or even crucial to the social sciences.
Desde meados da decada de 1970, a Sociobiologia - disciplinanascida de um novo enfoque na Biologi... more Desde meados da decada de 1970, a Sociobiologia - disciplinanascida de um novo enfoque na Biologia (o gene como objeto por excelencia da selecao natural, e nao mais o organismo, grupo ou especie) - se ocupa de estudar o comportamento social de todos os animais, inclusive o homem, e de como os comportamentos sociais teriam se originado evolutivamente. Por acreditar ser a mais geral das disciplinas referente aos animais, acredita entao ser natural fornecer umfundamento biologico as ciencias humanas e as humanidades, bem como a etica e a epistemologia. Tal intento tem sido hoje levado adiante em alguns desses pontos pela Psicologia Evolucionista, disciplina assumidamente filha da Sociobiologia. Nesta dissertacao me ocupo de tentar estimar o quao bem ambas as disciplinas entenderam as ciencias sociais que criticam, e tentar avaliar em que medida uma abordagem sociobiologica seria util ou mesmo crucial para as ciencias sociais.
The present essay first outlines the sociological guiding distinction between inclusion and exclu... more The present essay first outlines the sociological guiding distinction between inclusion and exclusion (exclusion within society, communication based on all events). It presents the functional differentiation of world society as the pri- mary form of differentiation. But if society is so described, what are the main causes of the occurrence of exclusion? Two of these causes are discussed in this text. First, the welfare state was the central instrument for promoting inclusion and absorption of exclusions. But if the welfare state’s reach remains regional and the other functional systems rest on global contexts that the welfare state can no longer successfully intervene in, exclusions become more likely again. Second, exclusions increases when two or more functional systems intermesh in their operations. Then, exclusions are no longer localized and at the same time functionally limited edge positions of the individuals, but are linked to systematic patterns across several functional s...
O objetivo da presente tese e, em primeiro lugar, sugerir que a teoria da evolucao darwiniana ou ... more O objetivo da presente tese e, em primeiro lugar, sugerir que a teoria da evolucao darwiniana ou de inspiracao darwiniana, assim como tratada na Biologia, pode fornecer um bom esqueleto e um mapa teorico geral para as Ciencias Sociais, onde diferentes teorias das Ciencias Humanas podem ser localizadas. Para tal, tenta-se identificar algumas problematicas semelhantes entre as duas disciplinas, a fim de destacar a pertinencia da teoria evolutiva para as Ciencias Sociais. Ao contrario do que pensam muitos cientistas sociais, a teoria evolutiva darwinianarepresenta, talvez, a melhor teoria da mudanca e da ordem, sem implicar em problemas como a unilinearidade (somente um caminho e possivel), a teleologia (a tendencia e inevitavel) e o progresso como destino certo. O segundo objetivo e tentar examinar de que maneira a teoria dos sistemas sociais autopoieticos de Niklas Luhmann talvez a teoria mais elaborada e extensa tentativa de articulacao entre Ciencias Sociais e teoria evolutiva pode...
Since the 1970’s the Sociobiology, a discipline borned from a new
focus in Biology (i.e. the gen... more Since the 1970’s the Sociobiology, a discipline borned from a new
focus in Biology (i.e. the gene as the main focus of natural selection, instead of group or species) engage in the study of social behavior of all animals, Humans included, and engage too in the study of how certain behaviors aroused evolutionarily. How it is the more general discipline about animals, sociobiology believes that can and must furnish a biological basis to the human sciences, humanities, ethics and epistemology. Such aim is followed today by the Evolutionary Psychology, an assumed daughter discipline of Sociobiology. This dissertation try to evaluate how well both disciplines understood the social sciences so criticized by themselves, and how well a sociobiological approach can be useful or even crucial to the social sciences.
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focus in Biology (i.e. the gene as the main focus of natural selection, instead of group or species) engage in the study of social behavior of all animals, Humans included, and engage too in the study of how certain behaviors aroused evolutionarily. How it is the more general discipline about animals, sociobiology believes that can and must furnish a biological basis to the human sciences, humanities, ethics and epistemology. Such aim is followed today by the Evolutionary Psychology, an assumed daughter discipline of Sociobiology. This dissertation try to evaluate how well both disciplines understood the social sciences so criticized by themselves, and how well a sociobiological approach can be useful or even crucial to the social sciences.
focus in Biology (i.e. the gene as the main focus of natural selection, instead of group or species) engage in the study of social behavior of all animals, Humans included, and engage too in the study of how certain behaviors aroused evolutionarily. How it is the more general discipline about animals, sociobiology believes that can and must furnish a biological basis to the human sciences, humanities, ethics and epistemology. Such aim is followed today by the Evolutionary Psychology, an assumed daughter discipline of Sociobiology. This dissertation try to evaluate how well both disciplines understood the social sciences so criticized by themselves, and how well a sociobiological approach can be useful or even crucial to the social sciences.