Papers by Dr.Muhammad Ali Tarar
Transylvanian Review, 2017
Agricultural extension services transfer new technologies from research and other sources to the ... more Agricultural extension services transfer new technologies from research and other sources to the farmers for enhancing the production that ultimately contributes to alleviate poverty. Rural women play a key role in agricultural sector and its productivity. The current study was undertaken to identify the need of rural women for agricultural extension services, investigate the problems faced by rural women during agricultural activities and identify the role of extension workers in the development of agriculture in rural areas. Multistage sampling technique was applied to select 160 respondents. The data were collected through well designed interviewing schedule and analyzed throughSPSS. The results indicated that most (43.1%) of the respondents belonged to the age group between 25 to34 years and majority (93.1%) were illiterate. Large proportions (85.6%) of the respondents were married and most of the respondents (46.9%) were living in nuclear family type. About 31.9% of the respond...
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Transylvanian Review, 2017
Women in rural areas play a significant role as caretakers of livestock in Pakistan and their inv... more Women in rural areas play a significant role as caretakers of livestock in Pakistan and their involvement was greater than men. They wake up too early in the morning and constantly perform their work until night. They do many activities like cutting and chopping of fodder, animals feeding, watering, milking, processing animal products, cleaning of animal shed and care the health of animals. Anyhow, their participation in decision making about these actions is questionable. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to find out the involvement of rural women regarding decision-making in management of livestock. About 160 females respondent were selected randomly through multistage sampling procedure in Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan. The data was gathered through structured interview schedule and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Our results showed that the key elements that impacted in decision making about the participation of rural women were, low educa...
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Historically natural resources have been sustaining the basic human needs from the beginning. Pre... more Historically natural resources have been sustaining the basic human needs from the beginning. Previously they were directly involved in the cultures, however, after the post industrialization era final goods are now indirectly showing the presence of nature (Adesina, 2005). Globally, rural communities are especially contingent upon biological resources to fulfill their livelihoods. Scientific studies show that these resources play a key role in fiscal growth of a country. Dissimilar experiences of development during nineteenth and first half of twentieth century show that ecoresources are mechanism of socio-economic development of a state. Natural capital can lift the economic progress and hasten the economy of a nation (Behbudi et.al., 2010). Pakistan’s wetlands have a lot of economic importance for its local communities (Nazir et al., 2016). Especially Punjab and Sindh cover a vast area with watersheds. As flyway to Central Asia and South Asia, these wetlands are also the habitat ...
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Journal of environment and earth science, 2016
Deforestation persists as a main environmental issue in majority of the nations of the world and ... more Deforestation persists as a main environmental issue in majority of the nations of the world and decreases the number of trees and wildlife species. Many species of animals and plants has become threatened with extension due to loss and fragmentation of habitats. Households’ perception knowledge regarding deforestation is significant for establishing suitable conservation and management strategies. To our know-how, this was the 1 st research study that determined the perceptions of villagers’ about the factor of deforestation and their effect on environment of Riverine forest which are important for their livelihoods. About 150 male respondents were interviewed from three villages in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. The data was analyzed with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The respondents perceived that fuel wood collection (74%), cutting of trees for income (92.5%), poverty (81%), population pressure (46%), political involvement (39.3%), corruption (74 %) and ...
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The rescue is not short term; it is a wide concept. The rescue services perform their duties in a... more The rescue is not short term; it is a wide concept. The rescue services perform their duties in all over the world. Punjab Emergency Service Rescue 1122 is the first successfully tested model of trained emergency service in Pakistan. The government of Punjab has established this emergency service through legislation to provide a system for emergency preparedness, response and prevention. The study was aimed to investigate the community perception regarding rescue services 1122 and its performance in D. G. Khan. Therefore, the universe of the study was two union councils (Union council no. 4 and Union council no.7) of city D. G. Khan. Data were collected from 120 respondents from both union councils through welldesigned interview schedule. It was found that all (100%) respondents had liked the Rescue 1122, most of the respondents i.e. (53.4%) agreed that that Rescue 1122 attends majority of events. All (100%) respondents were agreed with the modernized infrastructure of Rescue 1122....
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Transylvanian Review, 2017
Pakistan is facing acute energy crisis of its history. The electricity shortfall is so high that ... more Pakistan is facing acute energy crisis of its history. The electricity shortfall is so high that all the sectors of society are facing electricity breakdown. The major task of the government is also the sustainability of power sector of the country. Power sector is dependent on imported fuels like furnace oil, coal and diesel. Decentralized development of renewable energy is the demand of the time. Pakistan is blessed with the huge population of livestock whose dung can be utilized for biogas production. Biogas is a cheap, clean and renewable source of energy for dairy farmers which can solve energy demand of farm and home with one time investment.This study was carried out to find out the economic impact of domestic scale cow/buffalo dung based biogas plants installed by Pakistan Dairy Development Company (PDDC). This study was carried out in villages of District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. A sample of 72 farmers was selected who were having biogas plants and were using them for mo...
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Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2013
Global development agendas are now being bonded with adaptation to climate change. Sustainable bi... more Global development agendas are now being bonded with adaptation to climate change. Sustainable biodiversity and community adaptation to climate change are closely associated as depletion of natural resources adversely affects the living standard of people. Rapid climatic changes and intervention to regulate water resources in Indus delta of Pakistan have put the lives of millions of people residing near the Indus river belt at the stake of climate change. Therefore, this study was designed to inquire the socio-economic conditions of the people residing near the Indus river bank and the perceived impact of climate change on river belt agricultural resources specifically in district D. G. Khan. Based on primary data study employed univariate and bivariate analysis which suggested flood, wind storm and temperature as the significant climate change parameters affecting the land fertility, forest and fisheries. The Foster Greer and Thorbeck technique for calculating the poverty indicated...
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Pakistan has total population of 21 million and with an annual growth rate of 2.3%, this may reac... more Pakistan has total population of 21 million and with an annual growth rate of 2.3%, this may reach 310 million in 2050 (Population Matters, 2017; Govt. of Pakistan, 2018). Thus, this would be a challenge for national policy makers to cope up with essential needs of people and necessitate the family planning (FP) practices (GOP, 2017). Presently govt. and non govt. institutions are escalating their facilities to deliver FP services among all areas of Pakistan. These institutions familiarize diverse sorts of contraceptive methods such as oral pills, injections, tubal ligation, condoms, nor plant, abortion and natural methods. Contraception is a course of stopping uninvited pregnancy or birth at a desirable space for any avoidable reason or family size. Majority of the couples have awareness about contraceptive method. Very few, how ever use these methods due to different beliefs like not matching with their cultural values (Varma and Rohini, 2008; Tarar et. al., 2017; Tarar et. al., 2...
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Apposite use of prenatal care ensures the avoidance of potential medical impediments and help to ... more Apposite use of prenatal care ensures the avoidance of potential medical impediments and help to maintain mother and neonatal health. Although the rate of maternal and neonatal mortality in South Asia especially in Pakistan are reducing but when we compare Pakistan with the regional countries it’s still alarmingly high. The aim of this study was to highlight factors associated with the utilization of prenatal and postnatal cares by mothers of selected rural areas of Pakistan. It was a cross-sectional study which was carried out among 600 mothers of rural areas of three selected districts of Punjab.It was found out that 92.8 % of mothers received prenatal care and only 7.2 % of the mothers did not receive prenatal care although they were aware of the importance of prenatal care. From the sample 60.2 % of the mothers were having age between 26 to 35 and 47.5 % of the mothers were having their age between 19 to 24 years at the time of their marriages. Overall 32.7 % of the mothers and ...
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The aim of the study was to investigate the contribution of agricultural sectors towards growth r... more The aim of the study was to investigate the contribution of agricultural sectors towards growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) of Pakistan. The data ranged from 1996 to 2015 were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The Augmented Dickey Fuller test was applied to examine the stationarity of data and multiple regression models were used to check the impact of agricultural sector on GDP. The results revealed that agriculture sector significantly contributed towards GDP growth rate. One percent increase in the agriculture sector caused 5.56 percent increase in the growth of GDP. Agricultural crops like cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum) , sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum ), maize ( Zea mays ), Lentil/masoor ( Lens culinaris ), mung bean ( Vigna radiate ), onion ( Allium cepa ) and chilies ( Capsicum annuam ) and subsector livestock significantly contributed to GDP. Other independent variables rice ( Oryza sativa ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum) , mash ( Vigna mungo ), potato ( So...
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Technology shift has changed the world into global village and people are now no more far away. T... more Technology shift has changed the world into global village and people are now no more far away. This technology has facilitated with internet and internet provided many online social networking sites which connects people at each moment. With this ease and access of networking sites, there emerged a trend of posting photos of self which later named as selfies. Selfies are photos which people take of their own self and are more likely to share on social websites to gain feedback of people. This trend is becoming very popular around the world so present study has been designed to study the socio-economic and psychological factors which develop the selfie taking behavior and the purpose of taking selfies among youth with special focus on Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan. A total of 160 respondents of age group (15-30) were selected randomly from different educational institutions and social backgrounds to assess their extent of taking selfies and factors behind this behavior. It was predicted th...
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Pakistan is an agricultural country that possesses 210 million population with growth rate of 2.3... more Pakistan is an agricultural country that possesses 210 million population with growth rate of 2.3% annually and pace of population growth indicates that in 2050, it will reach 310 million population (Population Matters, 2017; Govt. of Pakistan, 2018). The young girls are forced into early marriages (Gupta, 2005; UNFPA, 2005; Population Council, 2007; Silverman, 2010; WHO, 2012a; Rabia, 2012) and into sexual relations, which destroy the general as well as reproductive health and increase their risk of getting exposed to HIV/AIDS (Aggarwal and Duggal, 2004; Anderson et al., 2006; ECDC, 2013; Sudha et al., 2005; UNFPA, 2005; UNICEF, 2006; Shah et al., 2011) besides minimizing their opportunities of attending school (Gueorguieve et al., 2001; UNFPA, 2005; Jain et al., 2011; Nguyen and Wodon, 2012; WHO, 2012b). A woman’s concern for antenatal care (ANC) services is resultant of an intricate interplay of empowerment and hierarchies that is related to the pregnancy related decision making ...
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Presently, air pollution is a principal global health threats which is responsible for enhancing ... more Presently, air pollution is a principal global health threats which is responsible for enhancing the chances for spreading of many chronic diseases. This problem occurred over past few decades due to fast growth in urbanization, industrialization and massive of vehicles volume in developed and under developed countries. The contaminated air leads the detrimental effects on the human health. Principal air pollutants are particulate matter, sulpher dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, carbon monoxide and ozone. When the level of these pollutants is increased at certain degree, the outcome may cause serious respiratory problems which lead to happening of deaths. In recent years, rapidly increasing population, economic and educational developments in the city brought a huge pressure of traffic. So, the current study was planned to determine the roots and examine the awful consequences of air pollution on the humanity health. Public opinions on exposure are severe in examining human react...
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Population is growing rapidly & adoption of FP has been neglected by Govt. of Pakistan due to lac... more Population is growing rapidly & adoption of FP has been neglected by Govt. of Pakistan due to lack of services, awareness and education, traditional believes, employment & misconception. Mostly people think that the use of contraception methods is against the nature and Islam and is also harmful for health. So present study was designed in rural areas of Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan in 2013 to investigate the knowledge level, adoption of contraception as well as to perceived positive and negative effects of contraception methods on the health of married females in rural community. 160 rural married females were interviewed to find out their demographic features; utilization of contraception and its side effects on their health in tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan. The data was analyzed by using Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bi-variate analysis (Chi square and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Predominating age categories were <15 and 16-20 years, 45.6% were illiterate, ...
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.. Reproductive health is concerned with the people’s ability to have a satisfying and safe sex l... more .. Reproductive health is concerned with the people’s ability to have a satisfying and safe sex life ensuring their capability to reproduce with a liberty of making a decision that if, when and how often they have to do so. Objective: (1) To examine the females perceptions, attitude and practices about reproductive health services. (2) To determine the level of their empowerment to take decisions and make choices regarding their own reproductive health. (3) To determine the level of the quality, availability and accessibility of reproductive health services and to suggest some measures for policy makers to improve the reproductive health state of young mothers in district Faisalabad. Study Design: A sample of 600 young married females of age 15-32 years were selected through multistage sampling technique. Period: 2009. Setting Area: Rural and urban area of District Faisalabad. Material and Method: Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bi-variate analysis (Chi square and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Results: Most (44.0%) of the respondents belonged to age category of 26-30 years; 35.5% were married up to 18 years; 39.3% had passed up to 5 years marriage duration; 71.8% had primary and above level of education. Majority (65.9%) had up to Rs.10,000 per month income, 49.2% possessed 6-10 family members, 73.5% beard at least 2 and above live children, 74.0 % perceived family planning good,79.7% had knowledge of FP and 26.0% practiced FPM (Family Planning Method). The most common FPMs were condom (33.3%) and tubectomy (21.8%) while 41.0% faced side effect because of FPM during their reproductive life. A huge majority (79.8%) of the respondents received ANC, 87.8% made regular visits for medical checkup and 48.8% got ANC from Pvt. Hospital during last pregnancy. Bi-variate analysis showed highly significant relation among age at marriage, awareness level, monthly income, education, number of pregnancies, number of children, number of visits to medical centre, availability of RH services, cultural hindrance and age of respondents vs. their reproductive health. Conclusions: Although most of the females were young & educated mothers with good reproductive health experience and perceived FM good but still lacking in practicing FMPs which indicates that we need to pay more attention towards female empowerment and decision making authority status at domestic level.
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Utilization of maternal health care services has always been an area of concern not only by local... more Utilization of maternal health care services has always been an area of concern not only by local institute but also international institutes. In our current study we tried to find out the influence of cultural practices and norms on the use of prenatal services by mothers of remote rural areas of Punjab. The target area of this study was Punjab province. Three districts of Punjab were selected for the current study. A sample of 600 mothers was selected having a kid between six months to five years of age. First hand data was collected by face to face interview of the selected mothers. The gathered information was recorded in an interview schedule. After data collection it was coded and fed to the statistical software to get it analyzed. The data shows that joint family system was dominant in rural areas of Punjab with 59.7 percent of the mothers living under this system. There is a strong negative relationship between the influence of cultural practices with the usage of prenatal c...
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Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Application of pesticides are made to control those insects and pest that approach the crops and ... more Application of pesticides are made to control those insects and pest that approach the crops and damage them. From centuries, for the protection of crops, different sorts of pesticides are in practice. On the one hand pesticide benefits the crops, meanwhile it injurious for environment and & human health. Because it’s unnecessary application poses negative effects on biodiversity and all living organism i.e. birds, animals and human etc. faces threats for their survival. Study objectives were (i) to find out the effects of pesticides on farmer’s health and (ii) to suggest some recommendations for future policy to improve farmer’s health. For this study, a sample of 160 respondents (male farmers) were selected through multistage sampling technique. At first stage, 4 union councils from total 111 UCs, at second stage, 8 localities/ Basties /urban areas (2 from each union council) were selected randomly and at third stage, 20 respondents from each locality were selected by convenient s...
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PAFMJ
Objective: To explore the relationship between psychological well-being and psycho-social adjustm... more Objective: To explore the relationship between psychological well-being and psycho-social adjustment ofeconomically independent and dependent single parents belonging to various socio-economic classes. Study Design: Correlational study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at technical services association, Lahore, from Jun 2018 to Aug 2019. Methodology: A sample of 213 single parents with ages ranging from 25 to 50 was selected through purposivesampling. Psychological Well-Being Scale Revisited and Psychological Adjustment Scale were used. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that well-being and adjustment levels of divorced (M=114.17, SD=24.5),(M= 88.89, SD=19.45) single parents was significantly lower than those of widowed (M=136.78, SD=17.68),(M=105.86, SD=10.88) ones respectively. Also, economically independent (M=135.1, SD=20.38), (M=104.0, SD=14.5) single parents had better well-being and adjustment than those who are economically dependent (M=108.3, SD=24.5...
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PAFMJ
Objective: To explore the cultural risk factors influencing the Postpartum Depression of first-bo... more Objective: To explore the cultural risk factors influencing the Postpartum Depression of first-born infants’mothers. Study Design: Correlational survey. Place and Duration of Study: Jannat Maternity Home, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, from Jan to Nov 2019. Methodology: A sample of 101 first-born infants’ mothers with ages ranging from 18 to 26 years was selectedthrough purposive sampling. Edinburgh Post-Partum Depression Scale and Oslo Social Support Scale were used. Results: Results suggested significantly lower mean scores for Postpartum Depression of mothers having a firstborn baby boy (M=5.98, SD=2.44) and higher for those having a girl (M=18.33, SD=4.62). Multi-factorial analysis of variance indicated a significant main effect of Social Support and Family System on Postpartum Depression levels of first-born infants’ mothers, explaining 44% and 11% variance respectively. Further, Post-Hoc analysis revealed higher levels of Postpartum Depression for mothers having poor Social Suppor...
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Papers by Dr.Muhammad Ali Tarar