Papers by Mansoureh Adel Ghahraman
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, 2011
Objective Use of electrical instead of acoustical stimulation has made much objective electrophys... more Objective Use of electrical instead of acoustical stimulation has made much objective electrophysiological evaluation possible. This is useful for management process of young children before and after the cochlear implant. These evaluations have been used for assessment of neuronal survival before cochlear implant and for monitoring of prosthesis function during and after the surgery. Electrically evoked compound action potential is one of these tests which makes a valid and reliable objective evaluation possible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential's amplitude changes three months after receiving the device in pediatric cochlear implant recipients. Methods In this longitudinal study, changes of the potential's amplitude in four given electrodes in four sessions after receiving the device are evaluated by approximately one month intervals in children implanted in Amir Alam and Hazrat-e-Rasoul hospitals, Tehran in July to December 2007. Findings The mean ampli...
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2016
Background and Aim: Some risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) such as upper respiratory... more Background and Aim: Some risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) such as upper respiratory airways abnormalities and obesity overlap with the risk factors for Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). In this study, we investigated the prevalence of ETD in a population of patients with OSA. Methods: Tubal dysfunction was determined by tympanometry and inflation-deflation test in 36 patients diagnosed with severe OSA and 20 normal participants. Results: More than 80% of patients with OSA had concomitant ETD at least in one ear. Obese participants had a smaller tympanometric peak pressure (TPP) shift after inflation-deflation test than non-obese subjects. There was no signifycant correlation between TPP shift and duration of OSA. Conclusion: High prevalence of concomitant ETD was determined in patients with severe OSA and obese individuals. Tubal function testis suggested in patients referred for OSA evaluation.
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2021
Background and Aim: Vestibular system has several anatomical connections with cognitive regions o... more Background and Aim: Vestibular system has several anatomical connections with cognitive regions of the brain. Vestibular disorders have negative effects on cognitive performance. Hearing-impaired patients, particularly cochlear implant users, have concomitant vestibular disorders. Previous studies have shown that attention assigned to postural control decreases while performing a cognitive task (dual task) in hearing-impaired children. Since the vestibular system and postural control performance develop around 15−16 years of age, the aim of this study was to compare postural control performance during dual task in adolescent boys with normal hearing and cochlear implant (CI) users with congenital hearing-impairment. Methods: Postural control was assessed in twenty 16−19 year old cochlear implant boys and 40 normal hearing peers with force plate. The main outcomes were displacement in posterior- anterior and medial-lateral planes, and mean speed with and without cognitive task and ...
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2018
Background and Aim: Several studies have shown the anatomical associations between the vestibular... more Background and Aim: Several studies have shown the anatomical associations between the vestibular system and cognitive processes, especially spatial memory. One of the first problems that occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is spatial memory deficits. The preclinical stage of AD is mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Amnestic type of MCI (aMCI) is more likely to progress to AD. Previous studies have demonstrated high incidence of vestibular disorders in AD patients; however, the balance system of aMCI patients has not been investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) impairments in aMCI patients compared with control group. Methods: In this cross-sectional study VOR gain and catch-up saccades in six semicircular canals were measured in 12 aMCI patients and 12 normal controls using video head impulse test. Results: Vestibulo-ocular reflex gains in direction of all vertical semicircular canals were lower in aMCIcompared with normal-group...
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Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1999
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2018
Background and Aim: Recent studies have reported connections between vestibular function and cogn... more Background and Aim: Recent studies have reported connections between vestibular function and cognition and also reported more prevalence of vestibular impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Because patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, this study was conducted to evaluate vestibular dysfunction of otolith organs in aMCI patients compared to normal subjects. Methods: In our case-control study, 11 patients (22 ears) with aMCI with mean age of 56.73±8.83 years and 11 normal participants (22 ears) with mean age of 54.30±7.4 years were evaluated for ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (o- and cVEMP). Occurrence of VEMP responses, amplitude, latency and threshold of these waves were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: Ocular VEMP was absent in 63.6% of aMCI patients and in 18.2% of the normal group. The difference was significant (p=0.002), while occurrence rate, a...
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Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2014
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Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2015
Background and Aim: Creatine plays an important role in the regulation of cellular energy in high... more Background and Aim: Creatine plays an important role in the regulation of cellular energy in high energy demand organs such as the inner ear. It is also believed to play a protective role. This article reviewed the mechanisms and effects of creatine on the auditory and vestibular systems. Recent Findings: Creatine transporters and creatine kinase enzymes are involved in converting creatine to creatine phosphate. Phosphate is a fuel cell available in the cochlear and vestibular hair cells and the protective cells, striavascularis, peripheral and central neural pathways to the auditory cortex. It provides essential ATP for auditory and vestibular system performance. Creatine kinase prevents cochlear damage by regulating the metabolism of energy in marginal layers of the striavascularis and preventing free radical production in stressful situations. It also plays an important role in vestibular compensation. Creatine kinase dysfunction leads to an increase in the threshold of auditory ...
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Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2012
Background and Aim: Auditory temporal processing reveals an important aspect of auditory performa... more Background and Aim: Auditory temporal processing reveals an important aspect of auditory performance, in which a deficit can prevent the child from speaking, language learning and reading. Temporal resolution, which is a subgroup of temporal processing, can be evaluated by gap-in-noise detection test. Regarding the relation of auditory temporal processing deficits and phonologic disorder of children with dyslexia-dysgraphia, the aim of this study was to evaluate these children with the gapin-noise (GIN) test. Methods: The gap-in-noise test was performed on 28 normal and 24 dyslexic-dysgraphic children, at the age of 11-12 years old. Mean approximate threshold and percent of corrected answers were compared between the groups. Results: The mean approximate threshold and percent of corrected answers of the right and left ear had no significant difference between the groups (p>0 .05). The mean approximate threshold of children with dyslexia-dysgraphia (6.97 ms, SD=1.09) was significa...
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2021
Background and Aim: Presbycusis is a prevalent chronic condition in the elderly which may have po... more Background and Aim: Presbycusis is a prevalent chronic condition in the elderly which may have potential adverse effects on social and emotional aspects of their life. There is no one to one relationship between audiogram and the perceived handicap in elderly. A good way to measure hearing handicap are self-assessment tools. This study was aimed to translate, adapt and establish face validity of Short form of Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-S) and the correlation with pure-tone and speech audiometry results as well as score of the other self-assessmnet tool (Self-Assessment of Communication: SAC) in the Iranian elderly. Methods: HHIE-S was translated into Persian and face validity was established. It was administered in 80 elderly participants. Correlation of their scores with their pure tone averages of 3 and 4 frequencies (PTA0.5-1-2 and PTA0.5-1-2-4), word recognition score (WRS) in quiet, and SAC scores was determined. Results: The experts mean scores to PHHIE-S...
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2015
Background and Aim: Motion sickness (MS) is usually generated when there is a mismatch between th... more Background and Aim: Motion sickness (MS) is usually generated when there is a mismatch between the senses which serve balance. One of these senses is related to vestibular system, so it is highly possible that MS reflects in vestibular test results. But there are some conflicts in correlation between vestibular findings and MS. Thus, the objective of this study was to provide an overview of vestibular tests findings in individuals with MS. Recent Findings : It has been demonstrated that susceptible subjects to different types of MS have more pathologic results in vestibular tests, such as eye movement recordings and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) results, asymmetry ratios and posturography results in particular. Conclusion : Based on abnormalities in various vestibular tests related to MS, possible contribution of signals from any part of the vestibular organ is likely in sensory conflict and triggering MS. Vestibular test results apparently can separate subjects with...
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Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2015
Background and Aim: Creatine is an energy-supplying protein in neuromuscular system with a protec... more Background and Aim: Creatine is an energy-supplying protein in neuromuscular system with a protective role in relieving neurological symptoms. Since the enzymes and other mechanism involved in the conversion of creatine in the inner ear and vestibular nuclei are found in abundance, the aim of this study was to measure the effects of creatine on cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) parameters. Methods: In this double-blind study, 35 healthy males aged 20-25 were randomly divided into an interventional (given creatine monohydrate) and a placebo groups (given maltodextrin). Participants received 5 g of dissolved powders in 250 ml water 4 times/days for 5 consecutive days. Cervical myogenic potentials were recorded before and after intervention with 500 Hz tone burst in 95 dBnHL. Results: In intervention group, cVEMP amplitudes increased from 41.86 to 55.71 μV and p13 and n23 latencies decreased from 13.81 and 22.61 to 13.32 and 21.69 ms, respectively. Also thresholds ...
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Introduction Spatial hearing is the ability to use the spatial evidence to detect the sound sourc... more Introduction Spatial hearing is the ability to use the spatial evidence to detect the sound source, pay attention to the sound source, and receive the desired signal (especially speech) in noise. Spatial hearing tools comprise localization, distance estimation, signal distinguishing from noise, and attention to the sound source. These abilities are accomplished by the comparison of the interaural intensity difference and interaural time difference of the arrived signal at the ears. The use of this skill helps the listener to take advantage of the spatial separation of speech and noise sources to recognize the speech. The older people benefit less than young people from this advantage (1-6). Although hearing loss resulting from aging is an inevitable phenomenon, the reduction in localization accuracy and the weakness of the use of spatial hearing are not purely related to hearing loss due to aging, and the difficulty of speech perception in the presence of noise in the elderly has be...
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Bimonthly Audiology - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2014
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Nutritional Neuroscience
Coffee, of which caffeine is a critical component, is probably the most frequently used psychoact... more Coffee, of which caffeine is a critical component, is probably the most frequently used psychoactive stimulant in the world. The effects of caffeine on the auditory and vestibular system have been investigated under normal and pathological conditions, such as acoustic trauma, ototoxicity, auditory neuropathy, and vestibular disorders, using various tests. Lower incidences of hearing loss and tinnitus have been reported in coffee consumers. The stimulatory effect of caffeine is represented by either a shorter latency or enhanced amplitude in electrophysiological tests of the auditory system. Furthermore, in the vestibular system, oculomotor testing revealed significant effects of caffeine, while other tests did not reveal any significant caffeine effects. It could be that caffeine improves transmission in the auditory and vestibular systems' central pathways. Importantly, the effects of caffeine seem to be dose-dependent. Also, inconsistent findings have been observed regarding caffeine's effects on the auditory and vestibular systems and related disorders. Overall, these findings suggest that caffeine does not strongly influence the peripheral auditory and vestibular systems. Instead, caffeine's effects seem to occur almost solely at the level of the central nervous system.
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American Journal of Otolaryngology
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Auditory and Vestibular Research
Background and Aim: Spatial hearing plays an important role in listening in complex hearing situa... more Background and Aim: Spatial hearing plays an important role in listening in complex hearing situations, including contributing to localization, lateralization, spatial release from masking, distance estimation from a sound source, and perceiving a signal in noise. Questionnaires are useful tools for assessing spatial processing disorder in adults. Given the high prevalence of this disorder in children and that the extent of children’s ability in completing questionnaires is not clear, this study aimed to evaluate the response validity of children to the Persian translation of the child version of the Speech, Spatial and Quality of Hearing Scale (PSSQ-Ch). Methods: The child version of the SSQ was translated into Persian and cross-culturally adapted. The final version was administered to 150 children (6 to 12 years of age) with normal hearing. The children’s response validity was evaluated qualitatively and the percentage of valid responses calculated for each of 7 age groups. R...
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Journal of Audiology and Otology
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Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
Background Aging has several effects on auditory processing with the most important effect known ... more Background Aging has several effects on auditory processing with the most important effect known as speech perception impairment in noise. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aging on spatial hearing using quick speech in noise (QSIN) and binaural masking level difference (BMLD) tests and speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing scale (SSQ) questionnaire. Methods The study was carried out on 34 elderly people, aged 60–75 years, with normal peripheral hearing and 34 young participants, aged 18–25 years. Using SSQ questionnaire and QSIN and BMLD tests, the spatial auditory processing ability was compared between the two groups. Results Comparison of mean scores using independent t test showed that there was a significant difference in the mean scores of QSIN, BMLD tests and SSQ questionnaire between the two groups ( p < 0.001). Sex was not found to have any effect on the results ( p > 0.05). Discussion Structural and neurochemical changes that occur in different parts of the central nervous system by aging affect various aspects of spatial auditory processing, such as localization, the precedence effect, and speech perception in noise. Conclusions Lower scores of older adults with normal hearing in SSQ questionnaire and behavioral tests, compared with younger participants, may be considered as their weak performance in spatial auditory processing. The results of the present study reconfirm the effects of aging on spatial auditory processing, such as localization and speech perception in noise.
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Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology, 2017
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), involving the semicircular canals, is one of the mos... more Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), involving the semicircular canals, is one of the most common diseases of the inner ear. The video head impulse test (vHIT) is a new test that examines the function of the canals. This study aimed to investigate the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain, gain asymmetry and saccades after stimulating all six canals in patients definitively diagnosed with posterior semicircular canal BPPV (PSC-BPPV). Twenty-nine unilateral PSC-BPPV patients with normal oculographic and caloric results were enrolled in this study. vHIT was performed on six canals, and VOR gain, gain asymmetry and saccades were measured. Sixteen (55.17%) patients had abnormal posterior canal VOR gains in the ipsilesional ear. VOR gains in both horizontal canals were within normal limits. Superior canal VOR gains were mostly lower than normal and were not correlated to PSC abnormalities (P>0.05). No corrective saccades could be observed. VOR gain in the direction of the posteri...
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Papers by Mansoureh Adel Ghahraman