Papers by Shanmugiah Arumugam
Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2008
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Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 2016
Patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives' exh... more Patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives' exhibit abnormalities in neuropsychological and electrophysiological measures especially P300. The aim was to study the P300 and neuropsychological measures together in patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and normal controls. Thirty patients diagnosed as schizophrenia, their unaffected biological siblings, and normal controls were included in the study. Inpatient group, the severity of symptoms was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. All subjects were administered P300 event-related potential, which was measured using oddball paradigm and specific neuropsychological tests from NIMHANS neuropsychiatry battery. Both patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected biological siblings showed lower P300 amplitude and longer P300 latency when compared with the normal controls. The three groups showed statistically significant differences in digit symbol substitution test, digit vigilance test, Trail making test B and Stroop test (P < 0.001). Patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected biological siblings show deficits in both cognitive function tests and P300 event-related potential. Our results suggest a continuum in the electrophysiological and neuropsychological measures among the three groups.
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Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Health, 2020
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Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, 2019
Background: Ethanol consumption leads to nutritional deficiency due to various causes. Well known... more Background: Ethanol consumption leads to nutritional deficiency due to various causes. Well known theoretical as well as literature supports the hypothesis on dietary factors, metabolic derangement and alcohol per se produces empty calories. In this study completed in 2000 go hand in hand with the earlier observations and the available literature after 2000. Nutritional deficiency in turn leads to Alcoholic brain damage which is reversible if identified early. Among the nutritional deficiency Thiamine deficiency (Vitamin B6) appears as the most common findings across the studies. Aim: To find out the nutritional deficiency in otherwise normal healthy males who consume alcohol amounting to dependence. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 males who were moderate drinkers, diagnosed as Alcohol dependence syndrome according to ICD-10 DCR-criteria with no indicators of overt nutritional deficiency on clinical assessment by ICMR Scale, Biochemical assessment and anthropometric assessment were included for the study. All the study subjects were subjected to detailed diet history by 24 hours recall, clinical assessment, biochemical investigations, anthropometric assessment along with demographic data and drinking history. Results: All the samples were clinically healthy and the BMI was 19.4 which fall under normal BMI. Anorexia was the predominant clinical symptom (45 percent). Biochemical and anthropometric assessment were within normal limits for an average Indian Males. But, serum Pyrophosphate was 318.47 mmol per litre (Normal value is 0.08 to 0.16 mmol per litre), which is an indirect indicator of thiamine deficiency. Conclusion: Though very preliminary and cross sectional analysis, sub-clinical thiamine deficiency was found in this study and corroborate with the previous observations. Hence, thiamine supplementation of all the drinkers irrespective of the clinical and biochemical nutritional deficiency will prevent at large both acute and chronic alcoholic brain damage.
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Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2019
Preventive aspect of mental health deals with identification, monitoring, and controlling risk fa... more Preventive aspect of mental health deals with identification, monitoring, and controlling risk factors. Mental health promotion leads to positive mental health and thus reduces the prevention of psychiatric morbidity. The concept of mental health promotion relies on the identification of mental health determinants at various contexts. The determinants include the risk factors for the development of mental health issues and protective factors for positive mental health. The risk factors are of macrofactors such as poverty, illiteracy, war, displacement, and discrimination. Microfactors play at individual, family, social, and community level. The risk factors also vary across the life span of the individual. The protective factors are at play in various contexts such as public health policy, empowerment, strengthening the community, and improving the protective factors of the individuals such as self-esteem, family atmosphere, and social as well as community support. Identification also should look at the special populations such as women, children, elderly, and migrant population. Strategies involving psychological approaches and social interventions focusing at these factors and early intervention strategies for the first episode psychosis will reduce the psychiatric morbidity results in the prevention of mental health issues and related disability paving the way for prevention and positive mental health.
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Harefuah, Jan 15, 1993
Wilson's disease is an inherited, autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive he... more Wilson's disease is an inherited, autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive hepatic and neurological symptoms. Clinical features usually start between the ages of 10 and 40. Psychiatric disturbances are present in almost all patients. In about a third of them psychiatric symptoms are present early in the disease and in almost 20% they precede hepatic and neurological dysfunction. In these cases the diagnosis of Wilson's disease is often difficult, as a result of which treatment is begun when the illness is already advanced. We report 3 patients with Wilson's disease in whom the psychiatric manifestations preceded neurological symptoms and necessitated admission for psychiatric treatment.
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Indian journal of psychiatry, 2002
Social factors are recognised to play an important role in Obsessive compulsive Disorder. There i... more Social factors are recognised to play an important role in Obsessive compulsive Disorder. There is some evidence that expressed emotions may be high in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. However, no study has looked at the concept of Expressed Emotions in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in India. In the current study, 35 patients diagnosed as OCD according to ICD-10 DCR were assessed for Expressed Emotions using Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale. The OCD patients had an increased score on expressed emotions with an increase in both subscales of perceived criticism and emotional involvement, as compared to the normative data suggested by the developers of the scale. There was no significant correlation between scores on these scales and YBOCS, duration of illness or age. The relevance of these factors in the pathogenesis and maintenance of the illness, and as predictive variables to therapy, needs to be explored.
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Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 2014
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Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 2008
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INTRODUCTION Alcohol is steadily increased in developed and developing nations. Both genetic and ... more INTRODUCTION Alcohol is steadily increased in developed and developing nations. Both genetic and environmental factors interplay in the aetiology and relapse of alcohol addiction. Alcohol addiction has been always comorbid with other psychiatric disorders that commonly share the reward mechanism. Addiction The first invention of genetic cause for psychiatric disorders goes to alcohol addiction. In 18 century, The variants of alcohol metabolizing enzymes have been identified and were believed to be moderating the risk of Alcohol addiction. However the advancing genetic methods has moved beyond the genes related to alcohol metabolizing enzymes to genes associated with GABA receptors, identified by Genome Wide Association Study in 20 century. But the overall progress has been very slow when compared to the genetic discovery in other psychiatric disorders. Since, Alcohol addiction is highly co-morbid with other psychiatric disorders as represented by the Dual diagnosis in Alcohol Addict...
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Social factors are recognised to play an important role in Obsessive compulsive Disorder. There i... more Social factors are recognised to play an important role in Obsessive compulsive Disorder. There is some evidence that expressed emotions may be high in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. However, no study has looked at the concept of Expressed Emotions in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in India. In the current study, 35 patients diagnosed as OCD according to ICD-10 DCR were assessed for Expressed Emotions using Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale. The OCD patients had an increased score on expressed emotions with an increase in both subscales of perceived criticism and emotional involvement, as compared to the normative data suggested by the developers of the scale. There was no significant correlation between scores on these scales and Y-BOCS, duration of illness or age. The relevance of these factors in the pathogenesis and maintenance of the illness, and as predictive variables to therapy, needs to be explored.
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Papers by Shanmugiah Arumugam