Book Reviews by Majid Tâme
The Dictionary of Tun (Ferdows) Dialect" is a book about one of the Iranian dialects that is comm... more The Dictionary of Tun (Ferdows) Dialect" is a book about one of the Iranian dialects that is common in Khorasan province. This book is the result of several years of cooperation between Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi, Rahmatullah Abrishami and Ahmad Armaghani. Of course, the scientific compilation and preparation of this work for publication has been the responsibility of Yahaghi. In this book, common words in the dialect of Tun have been collected and documented. In compiling this book, as its name implies, Yahaghi has only considered the words of this dialect and has refrained from addressing the grammatical features of this dialect. Of course, there is little information about grammatical features in the book's introduction. Although this book is essential and valuable in terms of collecting and documenting words of one of the common linguistic varieties in Khorasan, the author has not acted following the scientific methods common in reporting dialects, therefore using valuable lexical data of this book is not easy for researchers. In this paper, I examine the words collected in this book and the method of compiling them.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Papers by Majid Tâme
In New Iranian languages and dialects, there is a special word to refer to the age of a goat. Thi... more In New Iranian languages and dialects, there is a special word to refer to the age of a goat. This word is used with different phonetic forms such as bor, bör, bur in compounds such as dobor, döbör, dobur ‘two-year-old male goat’ in Iranian dialects. This word is doubtlessly related to the Middle Persian word brīt in compounds such as ak-brīt ‘one-year old’, dō-brīt ‘two-year old’, and se-brīt ‘three-year old’. In this paper, I will look at the etymology of this word and at the same time I will also mention the opinions of previous scholars about it.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
The present study is allocated to the investigation of the phonological process of fortition in s... more The present study is allocated to the investigation of the phonological process of fortition in some dialects of Isfahan province. In order to accomplish this research, the data of twenty-four dialects which are common in Isfahan province, and especially in Kashan and Natanz regions have been examined. The studied dialects are among the Central dialects of Iran. The phonological process of fortition has different types such as devoicing, stopping, insertion, gemination, etc. Different types of which are used in the studied dialects. In this research, an attempt is made to determine the types of phonological processes of fortition in some dialects of Isfahan, Kashan, and Natanz, and to determine their extent and frequency. It has been also tried to regulate in which contexts and places the fortition process takes places. The current research method is descriptive-analytical one. Some of the results of this research are: 1) The most frequent phonetic process of fortition in the examined dialects is devoicing. 2) Stopping is the second common strengthening process in these dialects. 3) The phonetic process of insertion is also a very common phenomenon in the studied dialects, and consonant insertion is more frequent than vowel insertion.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Oykonyms or the names of residential areas are part of the toponyms of each country. Like other w... more Oykonyms or the names of residential areas are part of the toponyms of each country. Like other words, the structure of oykonyms is in accordance with the rules and principles that exist in every language. Therefore, they can be divided into categories: simple and complex. Derivative oykonyms that belong to complex category are made by adding an affix to a base, which can be simple, derivative, compound, and derivational compound. In Persian and other Iranian languages and dialects, there are special affixes that are used in the construction of place names as well as oykonyms, for example the suffix -stan in oykonyms such as Kurdistan, Baluchistan and etc. But in addition to these special affixes, other affixes have been used in the construction of Iranian oykonyms, whose main function is not to make place names. In this paper, I will study the suffixes whose main function is not to make place names but are used in making Iranian oykonyms. The affixes studied in this article are not limited to Persian, but also necessarily refer to evidence from other common languages and dialects in Iran.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Language plays a special role among various factors such as customs, religious beliefs and politi... more Language plays a special role among various factors such as customs, religious beliefs and political components that cause the formation and consolidation of identity for a society. Toponyms or place names are more stable than other words in the language and less likely to change. One of the important dimensions of national identity is having a common cultural heritage, and geographical names are part of this common cultural heritage. In these geographical names, there are common elements that lead to a cultural similarity and ultimately a common identity for their users. Most of these common elements in geographical names are those linguistic units, which are called topoformants or characteristic elements of place name. The role of these formants, especially in countries such as Iran, which is composed of different ethnic groups and different languages are prevalent in it, is very important in creating a common cultural identity and ultimately national identity.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
This paper examines the translation and its techniques in the Jīvaka-Pustaka, which is a translat... more This paper examines the translation and its techniques in the Jīvaka-Pustaka, which is a translation of a text from Sanskrit into Khotanese.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
One of the oldest medical schools in the world is the Ayurvedic School or Indian traditional medi... more One of the oldest medical schools in the world is the Ayurvedic School or Indian traditional medicine, which dates back to almost five thousand years ago. This method of medicine, which was formed and matured in the Indian subcontinent, has affected other medical schools in the world and Iranian medicine has also been affected by it. In extant texts from one of the Eastern Middle Iranian languages, Khotanese, we can clearly see the influence of this school. there is a general or partial translation of some of the most important texts of the Ayurvedic School into Khotanese. Among the most important medical texts in the Khotanese language, which are in fact translations of Indian texts, are Siddhasāra and Jīvaka-pustaka.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Toponyms or place names are divided into three categories according to theirtype: uronyms or the ... more Toponyms or place names are divided into three categories according to theirtype: uronyms or the name of lows and highs of earth, hydronyms or names of geographical features that refer to waters, and oykonyms or names of residential areas. Compound or complex toponyms are words that consist of at least two independent and meaningful words. In such compound place names, the meaning of one of the two words present in the compound is usually slightly altered and gradually, as a result of overuse, becomes a topoformant. In this paper, those topoformants that are considered as unmarked place names are discussed.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Jīvaka-Pustaka is one of the medical texts that belongs to Ayurvedic medicine. In addition to the... more Jīvaka-Pustaka is one of the medical texts that belongs to Ayurvedic medicine. In addition to the Sanskrit version, there is also a Khotanese translation of this text. The Sanskrit version and its Khotanese translation have written in a variety of Brāhmi script. The Sanskrit version was very messy and practically illegible until some scholars in view of other Ayurvedic texts, such as the Siddhasāra and Khotanese translation of Jīvaka-Pustaka started to reconstruction and emendation it. The manuscript of Jīvaka-Pustaka has 71 pages and contains both the Sanskrit version and its Khotanese translation. This text is composed of 91 formulae. Except for one of the formula in which, after each Sanskrit phrase, the Khotanese translation of it has been written, in other formulae, first, the Sanskrit text is written and then followed by the corresponding Khotanese translation. The first person who amended this text was a scholar named Hoernle who corrected the two formulae. Afterwards, Emmerick regarding Khotanese translation also revised two formulae. Finally, a Chinese scholar, by name Chen, amended the whole of the text and published it in 2005. In this essay, it would be tried to correct some mistakes of Chen and propose new suggestions for some illegible words.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
One of the common phenomena in languages contact is borrowing. Khotanese, that is one of the East... more One of the common phenomena in languages contact is borrowing. Khotanese, that is one of the East Middle Iranian languages, was spoken from third to the early of the eleventh century in Khotan. Whereas on the one hand, Khotan is located in Central Asia and along the Silk Road, and on the other hand, People of Khotan were Buddhist, Khotanese borrowed many words from other languages. In this paper, these loanwords and their origins are studied and they are classified according to linguistic and sociolinguistic criteria.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Khvânsâri is one of the dialects of the central regions of Iran, which is, more or less, prevalen... more Khvânsâri is one of the dialects of the central regions of Iran, which is, more or less, prevalent today in the city of Khvânsâr. Central dialects of Iran are commonly spoken in the regions of Isfahan, Tehran, Hamedan, and Yazd. The classification of the Central dialects of Iran due to the dispersion of these dialects and the existence of multiple isoglosses between them is not easy. Nevertheless, the Central dialects of Iran can be divided into five general groups: 1) the Western group, 2) the North-Central group, 3) the Southern group, 4) the Eastern group, 5) the Northwestern group. According to the general view, Khvânsâri belongs to the Western group of Central dialects of Iran, along with the Mahllâti, Vâneshâni, Bijagâni, Delijâni, and some varieties around the Dalijân such as Qâlhari, Narâqi, and Vârâni. In spite of belonging to the northern branch of New Western Iranian languages, in Khvânsâri there are some phonological and lexical features that other Central dialects of Iran lack them. This article focuses on studying these features of Khvânsâri and comparing them with other dialects of the central regions of Iran.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Compound proper names are common in Iranian naming tradition. This arose out of social tradition ... more Compound proper names are common in Iranian naming tradition. This arose out of social tradition and beliefs of the people. In particular, this study will investigate names with two distinct and independent elements in the Old, Middle, and Modern Iranian languages. Later, the paper attempts to show that compound name tradition in Persian is not unprecedented but is a long-standing custom derived from the ancient Iranian compound naming traditions.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
The present paper aims at surveying numerals in Khotanese. It also explains the manner of constru... more The present paper aims at surveying numerals in Khotanese. It also explains the manner of construction of ordinal, distributive, approximative and composite numbers in this language. It likewise alludes to the most common linguistic phenomenon related to numerals, namely the repetition of numbers and its usages in Khotanese. This topic is also examined in ancient languages such as Sanskrit and Avestan.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Uploads
Book Reviews by Majid Tâme
Papers by Majid Tâme