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Пређи на садржај

a-

Такође погледајте: Додатак:Варијанте од "a"

међународно


Етимологија

Од Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-, not, without).

Префикс

a-

  1. Used to form taxonomic names indicating a lack of some feature that might be expected

Изведени термини

Категорија Међународни termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Енглески

Систем

ен+нг=енг



Етимологија 1

Од Средњи Енглески a- (up, out, away), од Стари Енглески ā-, originally *ar-, *or-, од Пра-Германски *uz- (out-), од Proto-Indo-European *uds- (up, out). Cognate with Old Saxon ā-, German er-.

Изговор

Префикс

a-

  1. (no longer productive) forming verbs with the sense away, up, on, out
    arise, await
  2. (no longer productive) forming verbs with the sense of intensified action.
    abide, amaze

Етимологија 2

Изговор

Префикс

a-

  1. (rare or no longer productive) in, on, at; used to show a state, condition, or manner. Also passing into sense 2. [First attested prior to 1150][1]
    apace, afire, aboil, a-bling
  2. (no longer productive) In, into. Also passing into sense 5. [First attested prior to 1150][1]
    asunder
  3. In the direction of, or toward. [First attested prior to 1150][1]
    astern, abeam
  4. (archaic, dialectal) At such a time. [First attested prior to 1150][1]
    Come a-morning we are going hunting.
  5. (archaic, dialectal) In the act or process of. Being conflated with the next definition, a- is used in some dialects to indicate any participle. [First attested prior to 1150][1]
    • 1777, Thomas Arne, A-Hunting We Will Go
    • 1780, The Twelve Days of Christmas:
      The twelfth day of Christmas,
      My true love sent to me
      Twelve lords a-leaping,
      Eight maids a-milking,
      Seven swans a-swimming,
      Six geese a-laying,
    • circa 1850, Here We Come A-wassailing/Here We Come A-caroling
      Here we come a-wassailing
      Among the leaves so green;
      Here we come a-wand’ring
      So fair to be seen.
    • 1939, Alfred Edward Housman, Additional Poems, XIII, lines 6-7:
      Oh waste no words a-wooing
      The soft sleep to your bed;
    • 1964, Bob Dylan, "The Times They Are a-Changin' " (recorded 1963, released 1964):
      The order is rapidly fadin'
      And the first one now will later be last
      For the times they are a-changin'
    • circa 1970, bumper sticker:[2]
      If the van’s a-rockin’, don’t come a-knockin’.

Etymology 3

From Средњи Енглески a-, a variant form of y-, from Стари Енглески ġe-, from Пра-Германски *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (with).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Prefix

a-

  1. Archaic and Dialectal. In dialect, it is sometimes conflated with sense 5 of the previous definition, and is used as a general indicator of a participle. [First attested around 1150 to 1350 (Middle English).][1]
    aware, alike

Etymology 4

From Anglo-Norman a-, from Стари Француски e-, from Латински ex-.

Pronunciation

Prefix

a-

  1. (no longer productive) forming words with the sense of wholly, or utterly out [First attested from around 1150 to 1350.][1]
    abash

Etymology 5

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).

Pronunciation

Prefix

a-

  1. Not, without, opposite of.
    amoral, asymmetry, atheism, asexual, acyclic
    • 1948 (revised 1952), Robert Graves, The White Goddess, Faber & Faber 1999, page 7:
      When invited to believe in the Chimaera, the horse-centaurs, or the winged horse Pegasus, all of them straightforward Pelasgian cult-symbols, a philosopher felt bound to reject them as a-zoölogical improbabilities [...].
    • 2012, Faramerz Dabhoiwala, The Origins of Sex, Penguin 2013, page 191:
      If aroused outside the proper outlet of marriage, [female lust] could range out of control, turning its possessor into an a-feminine monster: that is what happened to fallen women.
Usage notes
  • Used with stems that begin with consonants except sometimes h. an- is synonymous and is used in front of words that start with vowels and sometimes h.[3]

Etymology 6

From Средњи Енглески a-, from Middle French a-, from Латински ad (towards).

Prefix

a-

  1. (no longer productive) Towards; Used to indicate direction, reduction to, increase to, change into, or motion. [First attested from around 1150 to 1350.][1]
    ascend, aspire, amass, abandon, avenue
Usage notes
  • Used on stems that started with sc, sp, or st, and also used on stems with a French origin.
  • Used in place of ad-.[4]

Etymology 7

From Латински ab (of, off, from, away)

Prefix

a-

  1. (no longer productive) Away from. [First attested from around 1150 to 1350.][1]
    avert, aperient, abridge, assoil[3]
Usage notes
  • Variation of the prefix ab-, only used when the stem starts with the letter p or v. [3]

Etymology 8

From Средњи Енглески a-, o- (of)

  • See a (preposition, of)

Prefix

a-

  1. (no longer productive) Of, from. [First attested prior to 1150.][1]
    anew, afresh, athirst[3]

Usage notes

Different Germanic senses of a- became confused – vaguely “intensive” – and are no longer productive. The Greek sense of “not” (e.g., amoral, asymmetry) remains productive.

“[I]t naturally happened that all these a- prefixes were at length confusedly lumped together in idea, and the resultant a- looked upon as vaguely intensive, rhetorical, euphonic [nice-sounding], or even archaic, and wholly otiose [pointless].” OED.

Derived terms

Категорија Енглески termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

References

  1. 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 Brown, Lesley (2003)
  2. See “Don’t Come A-Knockin’”, TV Tropes for more examples and discussion.
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Urdang, Laurence (1984)
  4. Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)
  • Lesley Brown (editor), The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition (Oxford University Press, 2003 [1933], →ISBN 978-0198605751), page 1
  • “a-” in Christine A. Lindberg, editor, The Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing, 2002, →ISBN 978-1-4114-0500-4, page 1.
  • Laurence Urdang (editor), The Random House College Dictionary (Random House, 1984 [1975], →ISBN 0-394-43600-8), page 1
  • a-” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2024.

A-Pucikwar

Prefix

a-

  1. prefix attached to words relating to the mouth, such as the names of languages

Danish

Prefix

a-

  1. a-, un- (not)
  2. A- (atomic, nuclear)
    Синоними: atom-, A-

Derived terms

Категорија Дански termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Dutch

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).

Pronunciation

Prefix

a-

  1. a-: Not, without, opposite of.

Derived terms

Категорија Холандски termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

See also


Finnish

Prefix

a-

  1. (in loanwords) non-, un-
    Синоним: epä-

French

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Стари Француски a-, from Латински ad-.

Prefix

a-

  1. A prefix forming words, especially verbs, that denote entering a state, making progress toward a goal, or the like.

Etymology 2

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel; generalized from the many Latin borrowings using this prefix.

Prefix

a-

  1. a-, non-, -less.

Derived terms

Категорија Француски termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

References


German

Pronunciation

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).

Prefix

a-

  1. a- (not, without, opposite of)

Derived terms

Категорија Немачки termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Further reading

  • a- у Duden на интернету

Italian

Италијански Wikipedia has an article on:
Википедија it

Etymology 1

From Латински ad-.

Prefix

a-

  1. ad- (indicating direction)

Usage notes

The Italian prefix a- often reduplicates the following consonant (syntactic gemination, raddoppiamento fonosintattico). The actual forms usually will be ab- (in abbracciare), ac- (in accorrere), ad- (in addestrare), al- (in allargare) etc.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-).

Prefix

a-

  1. a- (indicating lack or loss)
    Синоним: an-

Derived terms

Категорија Италијански termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Latin

Etymology 1

Prefix

ā-

Usage notes

Used before bilabial voiced consonants: b-, m- and v-.

Etymology 2

From ad (towards)

Prefix

a-

  1. (Before a word beginning with sc, sp or st)
    a- + ‎scandere (climb) → ‎ascendere (climb up, go up; rise, spring up)
    a- + ‎scrībere (write) → ‎ascrībere (state in writing, add in writing; insert; appoint, enroll, enfranchise, reckon, number)
    a- + ‎spīrāre (breathe) → ‎aspīrāre (breathe or blow upon; am favorable to, assist, favor, aid; aspire or desire (to); approach, come near (to))
    a- + ‎specere (observe, look at) → ‎aspicere (look at or towards, behold; regard, respect; observe, notice; examine, inspect; consider, ponder)
    a- + ‎stringere (press, tighten, compress) → ‎astringere (draw close, bind or tie together; tighten, contract; check, restrain; oblige, necessitate)
    a- + ‎struere (compose, construct, build; ready, prepare; place, arrange) → ‎astruere (build near or to a thing, erect; build on, heap; build an additional structure)

Latvian

Etymology

Via other European languages, ultimately from Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).

Pronunciation

Prefix

Шаблон:lv-prefix

  1. Not, not having, without, opposite of.
    a- + ‎seksuāls → ‎aseksuāls

Prefix

a-

  1. someone's, people's

Usage notes

This prefix is often used as a neutral possessive pronoun to make the citation forms of inalienable nouns: amá (someone's mother), akʼos (someone's neck), ajáád (someone's leg), ajááʼ (someone's ear), akʼéí (someone's kin). The alternative is to use the prefix ha- (one's) or bi- (his/her/its/their) to make these dictionary forms.

See also

Шаблон:nv-possessive pronouns


Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

a- (medial wa-)

  1. they; class 6 subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gáá-.

Prefix

a-

  1. of; class 6 possessive concord.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-, not, without).

Prefix

a-

  1. a- (not, without)

Derived terms

Категорија Norwegian Bokmål termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

References

  • “a-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “a-” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-, not, without).

Prefix

a-

  1. a- (not, without)

Derived terms

Категорија Norwegian Nynorsk termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

References


Old English

Etymology

From an earlier form ar-, from Пра-Германски *uz-. Cognate with Old High German ar-, ir- (Немачки er-).

Pronunciation

Prefix

ā-

  1. forming words with the sense from, away, off, out, e.g. āniman

Derived terms

Категорија Стари Енглески termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Descendants

  • Средњи Енглески: a-
    • Енглески: a-

Old French

Etymology

From Латински ad, which was often reduced to a- in compounds.

Prefix

a-

  1. indicating movement towards something
  2. (by extension) indicating a change of state
  3. intensifying prefix

Old Irish

Prefix

Шаблон:sga-infixed pronoun

  1. him (triggers eclipsis)
  2. it (triggers lenition)

Usage notes

This form merges with the prefixes ro-, no-, di-, to-, fo-, ar-, and imm- to form ra-, na-, da-, da-, fa-, ara-, imma- respectively. It disappears after the particle (not), its only trace being the mutation it causes (eclipsis in the case of the masculine, lenition in the case of the neuter), thus ní cara (does not love) vs. ní chara (does not love it), ní ben (does not strike) vs. ní mben (does not strike him).

Derived terms

Категорија Old Irish termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

See also

Шаблон:sga-affixed pronouns


Old Saxon

Etymology

From an earlier form ar-, from Пра-Германски *uz-. Cognate with Стари Енглески a-, Old High German ar-, ir- (Немачки er-).

Pronunciation

Prefix

ā-

  1. forming words with the sense from, away, out, off, e.g. āniman

Derived terms

Категорија Old Saxon termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

a- (medial wa-)

  1. they; class 6 subject concord.

Polish

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (un-, not), zero-grade form of *ne (not). Дублети of nie.

Pronunciation

Prefix

a-

  1. forming words with the sense of negation
    a- + ‎społeczny → ‎aspołeczny

Derived terms

Категорија Пољски termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Further reading

  • a- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese a-.

Prefix

a-

  1. added to adjective X, forms verbs meaning to make/turn X
    a- + vermelho (red) + -aravermelhar (to redden)
    a- + baixo (low) + -arabaixar (to lower)
  2. added to noun X, forms verbs meaning to cause or make X or to cause something to have X
    a- + pavor (dread) + -arapavorar (to frighten)
    a- + fama (fame) + -arafamar (to make famous)

Etymology 2

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.

Prefix

a-

  1. a- (not; without)
    Синоним: in-

Derived terms

Категорија Португалски termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (un-, not), zero-grade form of *ne (not). Дублети of ne.

Prefix

a- (Ћирилица spelling а-)

  1. Prefix prepended to words to denote a negation, deprivation or absence of a property denoted by base word.
    Синоними: bez-, ne-

References

  • a-” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Spanish

Etymology 1

From Латински ad-.

Prefix

a-

  1. A prefix forming words, especially verbs, that denote entering a state, making progress toward a goal, or the like.

See also

Etymology 2

From Антички Грчки ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel; generalized from the many Latin borrowings using this prefix.

Prefix

a-

  1. a-, non-, -less

Derived terms

Категорија Шпански termм префиксed with a- није пронађена

Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *à-.

Prefix

a- (medial ka-)

  1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord, used in the subjunctive and potential mood.
See also
  • u- (in other cases)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

a- (medial wa-)

  1. they; class 6 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gáá-.

Prefix

a-

  1. of; class 6 possessive concord.

Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

a- (medial wa-)

  1. they; class 6 subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gáá-.

Prefix

a-

  1. of; class 6 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Prefix

a-

  1. Class 6 relative concord.

Etymology 4

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Prefix

a-

  1. not
Usage notes

Used in the indicative mood, prefixed to the subject concord.


Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *à-.

Prefix

a- (medial ka-)

  1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord, used in the subjunctive and potential mood.
See also
  • u- (in other cases)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

a- (medial wa-)

  1. they; class 6 subject concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Nguni *á-, from Proto-Bantu *gáá-.

Prefix

a-

  1. of; class 6 possessive concord.

Etymology 4

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Prefix

a-

  1. Class 6 relative concord.

Etymology 5

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Prefix

a-

  1. not
Usage notes

Used in the indicative mood, prefixed to the subject concord.

Etymology 6

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Prefix

a-

  1. (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) Alternative form of ma- (hortative)

References



a-

an-

a-

Префикс: a-

Порекло: Grčko

Примери:

amoralan ateist anemija

Изведене речи: a-

  1. a- an- (G) bez ne amoralan ateist anemija (G)
  2. ab-[1] (L) od, iz, sa abnormalan, abdicirati
  3. ad- ak- af- (L) ka adaptacija, akcenat, afera
  4. aero- (L) vazduh aerodrom, aeronautika
  5. amb- ambi- (G) oba ambivalencija
  6. amfi- (G) okolo amfiteatar
  7. ante- (L) pre ispred antecedens
  8. anti- (G) protiv suprotno antibiotik antiklimaks
  9. apo- (G) od raz- apokalipsa apoteoza
  10. arh- (G) nad prvi pra- arhiepiskop arhaizam
  11. aut- (E) izvan autsajder
  12. auto- (G) sam samo- automat autobiograf
  13. bene- (L) dobar beneficija
  14. bi- (G) dva biseksualac bicikl
  15. centi- cente- (L) sto centimetar
  16. cirk- (L) okolo cirkulacija cirkular
  17. de- (F) ukidanje padanje demobilizacija degradacija
  18. deka- deci- (G) deset dekada decimala
  19. demo- (G) narodno demokratija demografija
  20. di- (G) dvostruko dva- dijada dijadema
  21. dija- (G) kroz preko dijagnoza dijafragma
  22. dis- (L) [[]]
  23. duo- (G) [[]]
  24. ek- (L) [[]]
  25. eks- (L) [[]]
  26. ekstra- (L) [[]]
  27. ekvi- (L) [[]]
  28. en- (G) [[]]
  29. epi- (G) [[]]
  30. heksa- (G) [[]]
  31. hemi- (G) [[]]
  32. hepta- (G) [[]]
  33. hidra- hidro- (G) [[]]
  34. hipo- (G) [[]]
  35. hiper- (G) [[]]
  36. homo- (L) [[]]
  37. in- il- im- (L) [[]]
  38. in- im- (L) [[]]
  39. inter- (L) [[]]
  40. intra- intro- (L) [[]]
  41. izo- (G) [[]]
  42. kata- (G) [[]]
  43. ko- kom- (L) [[]]
  44. kon- () [[]]
  45. kontra- () [[]]
  46. kvadra- kvadro- () [[]]
  47. mal- () [[]]
  48. meta- () [[]]
  49. mono- () [[]]
  50. multi- () [[]]
  51. non- () [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]
  52. nekro-
  53. neo-
  54. op-
  55. of-
  56. okta- okto-
  57. orto-
  58. paleo-
  59. pan-
  60. para-
  61. penta-
  62. peri-
  63. per-
  64. poli-
  65. post-
  66. pra-
  67. pre-
  68. prim-
  69. pro-
  70. pro-
  71. re-
  72. retro-
  73. semi-
  74. sil-
  75. sin-
  76. sub-
  77. super
  78. tele-
  79. ter-
  80. tetra-
  81. trans-
  82. [[]]
  83. tri- (L,G) tri trijada triangl
  84. ultra- (L) izvan ultraljubičast ultrakratak
  85. uni- (L) jedan univerzalan uniforma

Префикс

  1. Toni Buzan : Brzo čitanje, strana 163