Successful management of obstetrical emergency, such as dystocia, is essential to prevent huge ec... more Successful management of obstetrical emergency, such as dystocia, is essential to prevent huge economic loss to sheep farming. Dystocia can lead to mortality of both the dam and the fetus, if timely correct diagnosis and feasible intervention are delayed. The present case describes an uncommon obstetrical emergency, that is, dystocia due to a rare condition of persistent microperforate hymen as a maternal factor for dystocia. A primiparous, crossbred ewe (aged 1.5 years) was presented at our clinic as an obstetrical emergency at full term. After a complete history was taken, a physical (including per vaginum) examination was performed. This allowed a diagnosis of a persistent microperforate hymen. Management included excision of the transverse band followed by assisted delivery. The ewe recovered successfully, and survived along with its lamb, at least until the post‐operative check at 3 weeks.
BACKGROUND: Honey can improve the quality of cryopreserved ram semen because of its multinutrient... more BACKGROUND: Honey can improve the quality of cryopreserved ram semen because of its multinutrient and cryoprotective nature added to standard tris egg yolk extender. OBJECTIVE: Different concentrations of honey were added to the standard tris egg yolk extender to improve the post-thaw quality of crossbred ram semen. METHOD: Thirty six (36) ejaculates from eight healthy cross bred rams were pooled and divided into four aliquots. Standard tris egg yolk extender without any alteration acted as Control (C) and was supplemented with different concentrations of honey, viz. T1 (honey 1.5%), T2 (2.5%), and T3 (3.5%). RESULTS: The percent (mean ± S. E. M) sperm motility at pre-freeze was significantly (P<;0.05) higher in Group T2 and at post-thaw in Group T3 in comparison to T1 and C treatment groups. The percent (mean ± S. E. M) HOST reacted spermatozoa at post-thaw was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in Group C and at pre-freeze the value was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in the s...
BACKGROUND The replacement of egg yolk with alternative plant-derived soybean lecithin is gaining... more BACKGROUND The replacement of egg yolk with alternative plant-derived soybean lecithin is gaining interest in both animal and human sperm cryopreservation owing to biosecurity issues with egg yolk based extenders. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comparative effect of egg yolk and soyabean lecithin based extenders on the quality of cryopreserved crossbred ram semen. METHODS Pooled ejaculates (total ejaculates = 36) were divided into two aliquots and extended with Tris egg yolk extender (Tris extender) and soybean lecithin based commercial extender (Ovixcell) RESULTS: Among the two extenders, Ovixcell showed better sperm quality both at the pre-freeze (Sperm motility) and post-thaw stages. Lower malondialdehyde (MDA) level (nmol/mL) was observed in Ovixcell as compared to Tris extender. Both sperm quality and MDA level decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from pre-freeze to post-thaw in both the extenders. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicate that Ovixcell is a comparable ...
The study was designed to compare the effect of length of progesterone treatment (6 d vs 10 d vs ... more The study was designed to compare the effect of length of progesterone treatment (6 d vs 10 d vs 14 d) on synchronization efficiency and fertility response in multiparous ewes. The crossbred ewes (30) were equally allotted to three groups designated as short (6 days), medium (10 days) and long-term (14 days) treatment. All the ewes were injected PGF2α 250 μg, intramuscularly 24 h before sponge removal. After the sponge removal ewes were kept with breeding rams for tupping upto 72 h. Although the onset of estrus was more precise in short and long term groups, however overall estrus response rate was highest in short treatment group (90%) followed by long treatment group (70%) and medium treatment group (60%). The pregnancy rates were non-significantly higher for short and medium treatment groups than long treatment group. The progesterone values in pregnant ewes, decreased significantly from day pre-treatment to day 0 followed by significant increase from day 0 to day 10, 17 and 35. ...
The study was undertaken to assess the socio-economic status of animal rearers, available feed re... more The study was undertaken to assess the socio-economic status of animal rearers, available feed resources and feeding and management practices of livestock at different zones in Gurez valley of Kashmir. A baseline survey was conducted to obtain the information in three arbitrary zones, viz. lower, middle and upper Gurez. The study was carried out in three villages in each zone where seven farmer families per village were selected randomly for the study. A total of 63 households owning livestock were interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and through direct observation. Majority of the farmers’ families was joint (94%), fell under middle age category (41%), had small land holdings (37%) and was predominantly illiterate (28%) but all categorised under Schedule Tribe. Animal husbandry (20%) was the major occupation after household (31%). Monthly income level was adequate. Among different livestock species reared, small ruminants (sheep and goat) were predominant (55%) a...
Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissue is nowadays primarily accomplished through vitrifi... more Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissue is nowadays primarily accomplished through vitrification. Variables such as cooling rate, viscosity and volume of vitrification solution are critical in gamete vitrification. In addition, sample size and stepwise exposure are also crucial for gonadal tissue vitrification. Recently a class of cryodevices has been developed to reduce the volume of vitrification solution so as to achieve higher cooling rates. Vitrification devices are classified as "open" or "closed" depending on whether the medium comes into direct contact with liquid nitrogen during the process. Examples of the open cryodevices for gamete vitrification are Cryotop, Cryolock, open pulled straw (OPS), etc., and closed devices are Vitrisafe, CryoTip, and high security vitrification kit. Similarly, for tissue vitrification open cryodevices used are needles, cryovials and closed devices used are Cryotissue, ovarian tissue cryosystem, etc. Among all the gam...
A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a histo... more A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a history of straining since 24 hours, fetal membranes ruptured and cervix fully dilated. On per-vaginal examination the fetus was found dead as there was no reflex on pinching. The fetus had a normal presentation, position but posture was abnormal, with downward deviation of head and both the carpal joints were flexed. Caudal epidural anaesthesia was given between first and second intercoccygeal space using 2.5 ml Lignocaine hydrochloride before manual handling. After proper lubrication, correction of the dystocia was carried out using the repulsion and traction method. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory were injected post successful traction of the fetus. Then, 500 ml of 5% Dextrose fluid was administered intravenously to correct the dehydration status and to avoid shock to the animal. After successful traction of fetus, two furea boli were placed intrauterine.
This study was conducted to know the parasitic fauna of the livestock in Zanaskar region of Kargi... more This study was conducted to know the parasitic fauna of the livestock in Zanaskar region of Kargil district of Ladakh, keeping in veiw sex of the animal species. 35 number of samples (from cattle, yak, zomo, ass, donkey) were examined, out of which 11 (31.42 %) samples were found positive. Strongyle worm eggs, eimerian oocysts and Balantidium coli were found in 8.57%, 14.28% and 11.42% samples respectively. Out of 35 samples, 19 were collected from males (cattle, yak, zomo, ass, donkey) and 16 were collected from females. Out of 19 samples, 8 (42.10%) were found positive and out of 16 samples, 3(18.75%) were found positive. Thus higher infection was found in males as compared to females. Strongyle worm eggs and oocysts (10.52% and 42.10%) were found higher in males as compared to females (6.25% each), while B.coli infection was found higher in females (12.50%) compared to males (10.52%). Thus males showed higher infection as compared to females in all the species
A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a histo... more A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a history of straining since 24 hours, fetal membranes ruptured and cervix fully dilated. On per-vaginal examination the fetus was found dead as there was no reflex on pinching. The fetus had a normal presentation, position but posture was abnormal, with downward deviation of head and both the carpal joints were flexed. Caudal epidural anaesthesia was given between first and second intercoccygeal space using 2.5 ml Lignocaine hydrochloride before manual handling. After proper lubrication, correction of the dystocia was carried out using the repulsion and traction method. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory were injected post successful traction of the fetus. Then, 500 ml of 5% Dextrose fluid was administered intravenously to correct the dehydration status and to avoid shock to the animal. After successful traction of fetus, two furea boli were placed intrauterine.
Successful management of obstetrical emergency, such as dystocia, is essential to prevent huge ec... more Successful management of obstetrical emergency, such as dystocia, is essential to prevent huge economic loss to sheep farming. Dystocia can lead to mortality of both the dam and the fetus, if timely correct diagnosis and feasible intervention are delayed. The present case describes an uncommon obstetrical emergency, that is, dystocia due to a rare condition of persistent microperforate hymen as a maternal factor for dystocia. A primiparous, crossbred ewe (aged 1.5 years) was presented at our clinic as an obstetrical emergency at full term. After a complete history was taken, a physical (including per vaginum) examination was performed. This allowed a diagnosis of a persistent microperforate hymen. Management included excision of the transverse band followed by assisted delivery. The ewe recovered successfully, and survived along with its lamb, at least until the post‐operative check at 3 weeks.
BACKGROUND: Honey can improve the quality of cryopreserved ram semen because of its multinutrient... more BACKGROUND: Honey can improve the quality of cryopreserved ram semen because of its multinutrient and cryoprotective nature added to standard tris egg yolk extender. OBJECTIVE: Different concentrations of honey were added to the standard tris egg yolk extender to improve the post-thaw quality of crossbred ram semen. METHOD: Thirty six (36) ejaculates from eight healthy cross bred rams were pooled and divided into four aliquots. Standard tris egg yolk extender without any alteration acted as Control (C) and was supplemented with different concentrations of honey, viz. T1 (honey 1.5%), T2 (2.5%), and T3 (3.5%). RESULTS: The percent (mean ± S. E. M) sperm motility at pre-freeze was significantly (P<;0.05) higher in Group T2 and at post-thaw in Group T3 in comparison to T1 and C treatment groups. The percent (mean ± S. E. M) HOST reacted spermatozoa at post-thaw was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in Group C and at pre-freeze the value was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in the s...
BACKGROUND The replacement of egg yolk with alternative plant-derived soybean lecithin is gaining... more BACKGROUND The replacement of egg yolk with alternative plant-derived soybean lecithin is gaining interest in both animal and human sperm cryopreservation owing to biosecurity issues with egg yolk based extenders. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comparative effect of egg yolk and soyabean lecithin based extenders on the quality of cryopreserved crossbred ram semen. METHODS Pooled ejaculates (total ejaculates = 36) were divided into two aliquots and extended with Tris egg yolk extender (Tris extender) and soybean lecithin based commercial extender (Ovixcell) RESULTS: Among the two extenders, Ovixcell showed better sperm quality both at the pre-freeze (Sperm motility) and post-thaw stages. Lower malondialdehyde (MDA) level (nmol/mL) was observed in Ovixcell as compared to Tris extender. Both sperm quality and MDA level decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from pre-freeze to post-thaw in both the extenders. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicate that Ovixcell is a comparable ...
The study was designed to compare the effect of length of progesterone treatment (6 d vs 10 d vs ... more The study was designed to compare the effect of length of progesterone treatment (6 d vs 10 d vs 14 d) on synchronization efficiency and fertility response in multiparous ewes. The crossbred ewes (30) were equally allotted to three groups designated as short (6 days), medium (10 days) and long-term (14 days) treatment. All the ewes were injected PGF2α 250 μg, intramuscularly 24 h before sponge removal. After the sponge removal ewes were kept with breeding rams for tupping upto 72 h. Although the onset of estrus was more precise in short and long term groups, however overall estrus response rate was highest in short treatment group (90%) followed by long treatment group (70%) and medium treatment group (60%). The pregnancy rates were non-significantly higher for short and medium treatment groups than long treatment group. The progesterone values in pregnant ewes, decreased significantly from day pre-treatment to day 0 followed by significant increase from day 0 to day 10, 17 and 35. ...
The study was undertaken to assess the socio-economic status of animal rearers, available feed re... more The study was undertaken to assess the socio-economic status of animal rearers, available feed resources and feeding and management practices of livestock at different zones in Gurez valley of Kashmir. A baseline survey was conducted to obtain the information in three arbitrary zones, viz. lower, middle and upper Gurez. The study was carried out in three villages in each zone where seven farmer families per village were selected randomly for the study. A total of 63 households owning livestock were interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and through direct observation. Majority of the farmers’ families was joint (94%), fell under middle age category (41%), had small land holdings (37%) and was predominantly illiterate (28%) but all categorised under Schedule Tribe. Animal husbandry (20%) was the major occupation after household (31%). Monthly income level was adequate. Among different livestock species reared, small ruminants (sheep and goat) were predominant (55%) a...
Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissue is nowadays primarily accomplished through vitrifi... more Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissue is nowadays primarily accomplished through vitrification. Variables such as cooling rate, viscosity and volume of vitrification solution are critical in gamete vitrification. In addition, sample size and stepwise exposure are also crucial for gonadal tissue vitrification. Recently a class of cryodevices has been developed to reduce the volume of vitrification solution so as to achieve higher cooling rates. Vitrification devices are classified as "open" or "closed" depending on whether the medium comes into direct contact with liquid nitrogen during the process. Examples of the open cryodevices for gamete vitrification are Cryotop, Cryolock, open pulled straw (OPS), etc., and closed devices are Vitrisafe, CryoTip, and high security vitrification kit. Similarly, for tissue vitrification open cryodevices used are needles, cryovials and closed devices used are Cryotissue, ovarian tissue cryosystem, etc. Among all the gam...
A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a histo... more A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a history of straining since 24 hours, fetal membranes ruptured and cervix fully dilated. On per-vaginal examination the fetus was found dead as there was no reflex on pinching. The fetus had a normal presentation, position but posture was abnormal, with downward deviation of head and both the carpal joints were flexed. Caudal epidural anaesthesia was given between first and second intercoccygeal space using 2.5 ml Lignocaine hydrochloride before manual handling. After proper lubrication, correction of the dystocia was carried out using the repulsion and traction method. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory were injected post successful traction of the fetus. Then, 500 ml of 5% Dextrose fluid was administered intravenously to correct the dehydration status and to avoid shock to the animal. After successful traction of fetus, two furea boli were placed intrauterine.
This study was conducted to know the parasitic fauna of the livestock in Zanaskar region of Kargi... more This study was conducted to know the parasitic fauna of the livestock in Zanaskar region of Kargil district of Ladakh, keeping in veiw sex of the animal species. 35 number of samples (from cattle, yak, zomo, ass, donkey) were examined, out of which 11 (31.42 %) samples were found positive. Strongyle worm eggs, eimerian oocysts and Balantidium coli were found in 8.57%, 14.28% and 11.42% samples respectively. Out of 35 samples, 19 were collected from males (cattle, yak, zomo, ass, donkey) and 16 were collected from females. Out of 19 samples, 8 (42.10%) were found positive and out of 16 samples, 3(18.75%) were found positive. Thus higher infection was found in males as compared to females. Strongyle worm eggs and oocysts (10.52% and 42.10%) were found higher in males as compared to females (6.25% each), while B.coli infection was found higher in females (12.50%) compared to males (10.52%). Thus males showed higher infection as compared to females in all the species
A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a histo... more A case of dystocia in a local non-descript goat was reported. The animal was weak and had a history of straining since 24 hours, fetal membranes ruptured and cervix fully dilated. On per-vaginal examination the fetus was found dead as there was no reflex on pinching. The fetus had a normal presentation, position but posture was abnormal, with downward deviation of head and both the carpal joints were flexed. Caudal epidural anaesthesia was given between first and second intercoccygeal space using 2.5 ml Lignocaine hydrochloride before manual handling. After proper lubrication, correction of the dystocia was carried out using the repulsion and traction method. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory were injected post successful traction of the fetus. Then, 500 ml of 5% Dextrose fluid was administered intravenously to correct the dehydration status and to avoid shock to the animal. After successful traction of fetus, two furea boli were placed intrauterine.
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