Dinastija Liao
Dinastija Liao (pojednostavljeni kineski: 辽朝; tradicionalni kineski: 遼朝; pinyin: Liáo Cháo; kitanski jezik: Mos Jælut),[2] također poznata i kao Kitansko Carstvo (Chinese: 契丹國, Qìdān Guó; kitanski: Mos diau-d kitai huldʒi gur),[3] bila je država u Istočnoj Aziji koja je kao carstvo vladala Mongolijom, te dijelovima današnjeg Kazahstana, ruskog Dalekog istoka i sjeverne Kine između 907. i 1125. Osnovao ju je kitanski veliki kan Abaoji u vrijeme kolapsa kineske carske dinastije Tang.
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Historija Kine | |||||||
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DREVNA | |||||||
3 Suverena & 5 Careva | |||||||
Dinastija Xia 2100–1600 pne. | |||||||
Dinastija Shang 1600–1046 pne. | |||||||
Dinastija Zhou 1045–256 pne. | |||||||
Zapadni Zhou | |||||||
Istočni Zhou | |||||||
Period Proljeća i Jeseni | |||||||
Period Zaraćenih država | |||||||
CARSKA | |||||||
Dinastija Qin 221 pne.–206 pne. | |||||||
Dinastija Han 206 pne.–220 n.e. | |||||||
Zapadni Han | |||||||
Dinastija Xin | |||||||
Istočni Han | |||||||
Tri kraljevstva 220–280 | |||||||
Wei, Shu & Wu | |||||||
Dinastija Jin 265–420 | |||||||
Zapadni Jin | 16 kraljevstava 304–439 | ||||||
Istočni Jin | |||||||
Južne & Sjeverne dinastije 420–589 | |||||||
Dinastija Sui 581–618 | |||||||
Dinastija Tang 618–907 | |||||||
( Drugi Zhou 690–705 ) | |||||||
5 dinastija & 10 kraljevstava 907–960 |
Dinastija Liao 907–1125 | ||||||
Dinastija Song 960–1279 |
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Sjeverni Song | Z. Xia | ||||||
Južni Song | Jin | ||||||
Dinastija Yuan 1271–1368 | |||||||
Dinastija Ming 1368–1644 | |||||||
Dinastija Qing 1644–1911 | |||||||
MODERNA | |||||||
Republika Kina 1912–1949 | |||||||
Narodna Republika Kina 1949– |
Republika Kina (Tajvan) 1945– | ||||||
Liao Carstvo je uništila jurčenska dinastija Jin 1125 godine. Dijelovi kitanskog naroda pod vodstvom Yelü Dashija su izbjegli i osnovali dinastiju Xi (Zapadni) Liao, također poznatu i kao Kara-Kitanski Kanat. Ona je stekla značajan uticaj na Centralnu Aziju i održala se sve do mongolske invazije pod Džingis Kanom 1220.
Izvori
uredi- ↑ Turchin, Adams, and Hall (2006), 222.
- ↑ (zh) 愛新覚羅烏拉熙春 (Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun). „The State Name of the Liao Dynasty was not “Qara Khitai (Liao Khitai )”: with Presumptions of Phonetic Values of Khitai Large Script and Khitai Small Script (遼朝國號非「哈喇契丹(遼契丹)」考:兼擬契丹大字及契丹小字的音値)”. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2011-09-27. Pristupljeno 4. II 2012.
- ↑ (zh) 愛新覚羅烏拉熙春 (Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun). „Original Meaning of Dan gur in the Khitai Scripts: with a Discussion of the State Name of the Dongdanguo (契丹文dan gur與「東丹國」國號:兼評劉浦江「再談“東丹國”國号問題」)”. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2011-09-27. Pristupljeno 4. II 2012.
Literatura
urediDavid Curtis Wright (2005). From War to Diplomatic Parity in Eleventh-Century China: Sung's Foreign Relations With Kitan Liao. Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 290. ISBN 978-90-04-14456-9. and Wang Gungwu, "The Rhetoric of a Lesser Empire: Early Sung Relations with Its Neighbors" in Rossabi, Morris, ed. China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. University of California Press, 1983, pp. 47–65. may have been used in this article, however there were no in-line citations before the rewriting began. Because the entire article is being rewritten from scratch, these sources will soon be depreciated. When that happens, this notice will be removed.
- Franke, Herbert; Twitchett, Denis (1994). „Introduction”. The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6, Alien Regime and Border States, 907-1368. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. str. 1-42. ISBN 9780521243319.
- Gernet, Jacques (2008). A History of Chinese Civilization (2nd izd.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521497817.
- Johnson, Linda Cooke (2011). Women of the Conquest Dynasties. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 9780824834043.
- Kane, Daniel (2009). The Kitan Language and Script. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004168299.
- Mote, Frederick W. (1999). Imperial China: 900–1800. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674445154.
- Shen, Hsueh-Man (2001). „Realizing the Buddha's "Dharma" Body during the Mofa Period: A Study of Liao Buddhist Relic Deposits”. Artibus Asiae 61 (2): 263-303. Pristupljeno 2012-02-11.
- Turchin, Peter; Jonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall (December 2006). „East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States”. Journal of World-Systems Research 12 (2): 219–229. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2018-12-25. Pristupljeno 2010-08-12.
- Twitchett, Denis; Tietze, Klaus-Peter (1994). „The Liao”. u: Franke, Herbert; Twitchett, Denis. The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6, Alien Regime and Border States, 907-1368. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. str. 43-153. ISBN 9780521243319.
- Wittfogel, Karl A.; Feng Chia-Sheng (1946). „History of Chinese Society Liao (907-1125)”. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 36: 1-752. Pristupljeno 2012-02-10.