Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) gained global attention as the most promising energy storing
technology for the mobile and stationary applications due to its high energy density, low self-
discharge property, long life span, high open-circuit voltage and nearly zero memory effects.
However, to meet the growing energy demand, this energy storage technology must be
further explored and developed for high power applications. The conventional lithium-ion
batteries mainly based on Li-ion intercalation mechanism cannot offer high-charge …