Signatures of high-redshift galactic outflows in the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect

G Sun, SR Furlanetto, A Lidz - arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.02988, 2024 - arxiv.org
arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.02988, 2024arxiv.org
Anisotropies of the Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) effect serve as a powerful probe of the thermal
history of the universe. At high redshift, hot galactic outflows driven by supernovae (SNe)
can inject a significant amount of thermal energy into the intergalactic medium, causing a
strong $ y $-type distortion of the CMB spectrum through inverse Compton scattering. The
resulting anisotropies of the $ y $-type distortion are sensitive to key physical properties of
high-$ z $ galaxies pertaining to the launch of energetic SNe-driven outflows, such as the …
Anisotropies of the Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) effect serve as a powerful probe of the thermal history of the universe. At high redshift, hot galactic outflows driven by supernovae (SNe) can inject a significant amount of thermal energy into the intergalactic medium, causing a strong -type distortion of the CMB spectrum through inverse Compton scattering. The resulting anisotropies of the -type distortion are sensitive to key physical properties of high- galaxies pertaining to the launch of energetic SNe-driven outflows, such as the efficiency and the spatio-temporal clustering of star formation. We develop a simple analytic framework to calculate anisotropies of -type distortion associated with SNe-powered outflows of galaxies at . We show that galactic outflows are likely the dominant source of thermal energy injection, compared to contributions from reionized bubbles and gravitational heating. We further show that next-generation CMB experiments such as LiteBIRD can detect the contribution to anisotropies from high- galactic outflows through the cross-correlation with surveys of Lyman-break galaxies by e.g. the Roman Space Telescope. Our analysis and forecasts demonstrate that thermal SZ anisotropies are a promising probe of SNe feedback in early star-forming galaxies.
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