Proteolytic cleavage of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein is essential for influenza A virus (IAV)
to acquire infectivity. This process is mediated by a host cell protease(s) in vivo. The type II …

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease and is also
associated with serious neurological disorders. An attenuated EV71 strain [EV71(S1-3′)] has …

Effective vaccines are essential for the control of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pandemic. Currently developed vaccines inducing severe acute respiratory syndrome …

The potential threat of smallpox as a bioweapon has led to the production and stockpiling of
smallpox vaccine in some countries. Human monkeypox, a rare but important viral zoonosis …

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease
and is sometimes associated with serious neurological disorders. In this study, an attempt …

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease and is also
sometimes associated with serious neurological disorders. In this study, we characterized the …

Canine distemper virus (CDV) has recently expanded its host range to nonhuman primates.
A large CDV outbreak occurred in rhesus monkeys at a breeding farm in Guangxi Province, …

Reverse genetics technology so far established for measles virus (MeV) is based on the
Edmonston strain, which was isolated several decades ago, has been passaged in …

Poliovirus and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are both neurotropic enteroviruses that cause serious
neurological diseases, such as poliomyelitis and encephalitis. The neurovirulence of EV71 …

Although cell culture systems for hepatitis E virus (HEV) have been established by using
cell lines such as PLC/PRF/5 and A549, small-animal models for this virus are limited. Since …